Biology

If our bodies are made of atoms and there is an infinite number of atoms in the universe because the Universe is infinite, then shouldn't an afterlife be theoretically possible?

It is said different types of alcoholic drink can have different effects on people. Some making for happy drunks while others making for aggressive drunks. But all the alcohol we drink is the same ethanol isn't it? So how is it possible that the same drug has different qualitative effects? Or is it just an urban myth? Similarly the effects of cannabis are said to be different when it is smoked or eaten. I'm aware that there are at least two active and competitive substances in cannabis that produce the psychoactive effect. I can imagine that the mode of delivery could change the ratios of these substances in the blood stream thus influencing the qualitative experienc…

1.Latent period - A short measurable period of apparent inactivity between the point of stimulus & the point of skeletal muscle contraction. 2.Einthoven's triangle - The roots of both upper limbs & the left lower limb form a equilateral triangle. 3.Induction current - It is interesting to note that current is induced in secondary coil from the primary coil during the change(i.e when current starts flowing in primary coil & again when it stops )

This is too insignificant to be a post... but is e. coli a prokarya or an eukarya? Does E. Coli have a mitochondria? If no, how ,where and if does the citric cycle take place? Second, what do you call those bacteria...? third, wth are mesosomes and how do they help respiration? is there a synonym of mesosome? also i read that mesosomes work only during aerobic conditions, but e. coli could survive w/o oxygen....

DNA as a Defense There are countless variables that influence human behavior. Genes are one factor that have been shown to influence the way people act, and some people believe that behavior can be almost completely explained by the genes that one inherits. Others believe that who a person is relies fully on how they were raised- where they grew up, who raised them, and their quality of life. This nature vs. nurture debate has appeared countless times in various situations, including in the courtroom. The question is, do genetics have any place in court cases when trying to explain why somebody committed a crime? Nicole Westman argues that genetics are an…

A human gene for protein hormone has been isolated. Scientist want to introduce gene into a bacterial host to modify the bacteria so it can produce this hormone. After successfully introducing the gene on a plasmid, the bacteria produced the protein hormone but the protein was defective, longer than normal, with intervening stretches of amino acid not found in the native protein. Which solution would be most likely to resolve this problem. What is most likely the explanation? a. Bacteria cant transcribe the human gene b. The bacterial ribosomes make errors when transcribing human mRNAs c. The gene that was introduced contained introns …

Hi all, Sorry if this has been asked before or if it sounds like a stupid question but I have been trying to understand something which relates to genetics and I was hoping you could assist. This is difficult for me to explain but I'll try my best. For some time now I have been pondering whether our day to day actions change who are born in the future. I'm not talking about if we smoke will our children be more likely to smoke etc., but if our day to day actions change the person who is born. Let me try to put this into an example: If a company decided to undertake a project aimed at helping future generations…

What evolutionary advantage did this give the animals of this planet? What proportion of the animals which exist today, do not masterbate at all in their natural environments?

Hi, I was doing some online resarch about effective population sizes for different ethnic groups in order to correlate these data with other parameters in the future. Little did I know that it would be such a tricky thing. I would seem that the standard number for human total Ne (effective population size) is roughly 10,000, but half the papers only cite that mesure to discredit it. Most estimations vary between 20,000 and 5,000 for the whole human population, yet some publied results are really weird. Maybe an extreme case would be Park (2014) which states that current Korean effective population size is 30 times bigger than Han Chinese's, no less (3,000 v…

I realize this is an old post, but I'm currently studying nutrition, and in my studies I just came across a measurement called glycemic response. I have doubts about the textbook's reliability, and that's another issue, but basically the units for glycemic response according to this book should be in mM*min. In attempting to understand the unit, I decided to google meter-second to see if it would help me in any way because I also remember coming across the idea in calculus. The post by Casey Wood, because of its roots in math, made me think of some of the situations that I've come across when trying to interpret the meaning of certain functions. Anyway…

Hello guys, There is this weird thing i can do(cause) by command, from the back of my head i kind of activate some sort of energy, it goes down from the back of my head surging my entire body and feels like getting energizing, it actually feels pretty good, and i stay energized for a couple minutes, and i can do it almost all the time. Only if i keep doing it for a longer period of time, it kind of gets faded, a bit, like it looses the effect.

Hello, I did an experiment based on how temperature affects the catalase activity when h2o2 is present. According to my biology teacher, my results were very abnormal. The temperatures used were- 5 degrees C (around 41 degrees F), 20 degrees C (68 deg F, room temp), 37 degrees (98.6 deg F, human body temp) and 95 degrees (203 deg F, close to boiling). At 95 degrees, I had the most amount of oxygen released. This surprised me as 37 degrees (98.6 F) is the human body temperature and is the optimum temperature for the catalase. There were 12 test tubes, 3 in each temperature and was left for around 5 minutes. In each test tube was 1ml of pureed liver…

My Kepler Bb humanoids which are a species I made to be Human version 2.0, have development that is different from ours. There are actually 2 different timelines. 1 of them has to do with gender determination and the other has to do with developmental milestones. For developmental milestones, they have the same number of years for the first 2(infant and toddler) but their years are longer than ours. Much longer in fact. About 8 times longer. Their day is longer also but not near 8 times longer. Childhood for them goes from 3 years to 15 years. Adolescence is 15 years to 25 years. Then there is a 1 year period between adolescence and adulthood. With gender determ…

The use of acoustic or frequency have any known effect to effect cell division or cell healing? I know in the past they used some frequency device, acoustic device or ultra-sound devices with mixed results with effect on cell division or cell healing. I also hear that cell signaling could be effected by it too. I wonder what been done to see the effect it has.

Hi folks, I have an embarrassing hole in my knowledge I am trying to fill. I've been reading up on Erb2 I started thinking about viral oncogenes. What I am having trouble finding out is not the relation of the oncogene in the host cell, but what the functionality of various viral oncogenes have for the virus itself. What is the original functionality of the gene from the virus' perspective. Almost all the literature searches that I try just talk about the cancer aspects. Also, if anyone has a helpful link to this or related topics, I would be most grateful.

Has anyone taken an Autism Quotient test and if so, could you point me to it? And for those who are (self-)diagnosed with Asperger's, how has it affected your relationships (with family, friends, partners, etc)?

I have heard that fluoride exists naturally in all springs, lakes, rivers, oceans, etc... Is naturally occurring fluoride in all the water on earth? IS there such this as "fluoride free" water in nature? particularly spring water is what im interested in.

Hello everyone, i am really interested in biology and i would be happy if you could recommend any good books for me to read. I want to say that i am still a highschool student so as you can imagine my knowledge on the topic is very limited.

some days my depression gets real bad. and i lose the motivation to do anything. I think that if earth wasn't such a garbage world the quality of science would increase. Science wouldn't even be a "thing" just a basic piece of conversation like music. Instead of "Oh, did you listen to the latest Pop tunes" people would discuss equations with each other. I remember googling something and it showed scientific evidence that depression decreases intelligence in the brain. When i am depressed I dont feel as smart...and the sad thing is that during these moments I dont even care. I dont remember what search terms I put exactly so I can't find the link. basically, i hate…

Hello, I was wondering if there was an explanation for a sample showing growth on selective/differential MSA agar but not showing any growth at all on TSA (non-selective) Thanks!

What are some scientific alternatives to the theory of evolution? Also, could the theory of evolution be proven wrong one day? I'm not talking about creationism or intelligent design because these theories are not scientific and also they don't make any useful predictions.

Alright, today i am going to ask you probably the most stupid question possible. Here is the thing, i stumbled across a book named "Ο τρόπος για την Αειζωία". As you can see the book is greek and it's title can be translated as "The way for immortality". The author is someone that i would dare to call a cultist, his name is Αργύρης Τσακαλίας or Argyrhs Tsakalias. I only read summaries about the book because i didn't have the strength to go through so many pages of what i think is pure stupidity. From what i read the author suggests that you can become "immortal" in a variety of ways. Some of them are : Drinking a magical potion (yeah that's right...), Speaking with immort…

Hello Guys I just want to know the growth and survival temperature ranges for Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans also the effect of temperature on these microbes. Thank you

Hello everyone. My name is Trevor and i am new here. Nice to meet you all. I have a question to ask. I was reading a book called "A mind of numbers". At some point in the book, the author states this: "You may be surprised to learn that simply being awake creates toxic products in your brain. During sleep, your cells shrink, causing a striking increase in the space between your cells. This is equivalent to turning on a faucet—it allows fluid to wash past and push the toxins out. This nightly housecleaning is part of what keeps your brain healthy. When you get too little sleep, the buildup of these toxic products is believed to explain why you can’t think very clea…

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