Chemistry

I just read this quote on wiki; "Materials reduced to the nanoscale can show different properties compared to what they exhibit on a macroscale, enabling unique applications. For instance, opaque substances can become transparent (copper); stable materials can turn combustible (aluminium); insoluble materials may become soluble (gold). A material such as gold, which is chemically inert at normal scales, can serve as a potent chemical catalyst at nanoscales. Much of the fascination with nanotechnology stems from these quantum and surface phenomena that matter exhibits at the nanoscale.[26] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology How is that possible? …

Hi everyone, actually I am a new member so i dont know how to use this platform exactly. I have worked with silver and gold nanoparticles but now i want to synthesize nanoparticles using waste material like rust.So i thought i should share my idea of working with rust here.

How to make Tobacco Fragrance Oil with Patal Jantar ancient method & with other latest methods?

Hi. Been to several vendor stores asking for an electronic cigarette that uses/works with only water to make the steam and got the weird look. Does it fail to comply with the capitalism of profiting from flavor fluids which would be zero with only water or there is some reason the devices cannot make pure steam ? I was not looking for flavors nor nicotine which I have no crave for. Seems to me that flavorless steam nearly fulfills the habit of inhaling the 'heavy/denser air' sensation of smoking. Been a light cigarette user and never noticed any 'high' from tobacco. Just the habit. Gives me nothing.

I am not a chemist nor a chemistry major. My background is in mathematics and CS. However, when I was majoring in mathematics, I enjoyed chemistry very much and spent a lot of time studying it on the side. Years later I find economics pulling me far away from anything that gave me meaning. Because of this, I've recently been returning to things that gave me a reason to wake up in the morning. The point of me saying all this is to warn you my rhetoric and understanding may be crude when it comes to chemistry. Back in college, when I was taking an inorganic chemistry course, I was daydreaming about gases and air conditioners and wondered why we spend energy to remove e…

My wife is trying to stiffen felt using a gelatinous collagen mixture for hat making (millinery). In the procedure, she makes a collagen gel (using lyophilized collagen and and hot water) and then lets it solidify in the fridge. After 24 hours of cooling and solidification, she heats the gel so it becomes liquid, and then applies the collagen solution to the felt. The felt is then molded into a shape, dries, and retains it's shape as the collagen solution dries. We're working on different concentrations to optimize rigidity on the fabric. My question: Would enzymatically breaking down the collagen (i.e. meat tenderizer) allow us to use less gel per area of fabric? I …

Hi Everyone Does anyone here know what the chemical difference is between liquid sunflower lecithin and powdered sunflower lecithin? Thank you very much. Kind regards Tim

I know... Bottled water is bad, its polluting the earth. I know. But I liked to stop at the store next to my gym and buy a gallon of water. Its super convenient, cheap and gets me to drink more water. The gallons are only 1 dollar. I recycle the bottles. I literally bring all my recyclables to the center every 2 weeks. Anyway back to the topic. There have been a few brands of water lately that Consumer Reports has said contained arsenic. I know that aresenic is a naturally occurring substance in the earth and is kind of ubiquitous. It's pretty much in everything. Although the amounts vary and are usually not harmful. But I am not well educated on the subject. Here are the…

Good morning, First time poster here, so please be gentle Historically we have been using a Glass hydrometer (brineometer) it measures from 0-100% Salt by weight so at 100% this would = around 26.4 % saturated. Now they keep getting dropped and broken and due to the fact they are made of glass and mercury i think? as the bouyency part its not ideal... So i have bought a Refractometer from Atago it can (im told by Atago) measure Density of saline at 20°c 1.000 to 1.070 with a 20/20 symbol at the bottom (which i dont understand what this is). Anyways If i take a brine strength reading at 36° this = around 9.502% salt by weight or 1.070 wh…

Hi. I'm currently studying Physics which is fun and enjoyable. I seem to be fine with most of the work given to me, but i keep struggling with formulas. I'm supposed to find the carbon and hydrogen location on this Skeletal formula, and the molecular formula? Could anyone help me with this? For some reason, this part of the course is just not clicking with me. Really appreciate the help.

Everyone on the vape forums says that it's entirely harmless (which is assume is biased) and that my doctor wife is crazy. The liquid I vape is 80VG/20PG 3mg Nicotine. My wife says that at a certain temperature it creates formaldehyde . Is this true? What other detriments are there to vaping?

In old days people use Sandalwood oil as base oil for making fragrances but now these days Sandalwood is expensive, Please suggest me, Now which base oil we can use alternative of Sandalwood oil for making fragrances

Hi, I'm a computer engineering student, and with a friend of mine (engineer) I created a chemistry app for Android. It's called Molecolarium. It is an offline collection of molecules, with images, nomenclatures [IUPAC, Stock, Traditional], weights and other information (danger sentences, precaution and GHS pictograms). There is a search function and also a function to balance non-redox reactions (we are also working on redox reactions). The app is in Italian, English and German (BETA). Molecolarium is FREE and we believe it can be useful for chemistry students in their first year of university and for those studying in higher technical institutes.There…

I am proposing a short cooking demonstration with a propane torch inside a closed (no windows) conference room with ducted air conditioning. For this to be a safe demonstration - I am concerned to have the CO2 levels to be 1000ppm max. Here are my calcs + assumptions: Room is 6m x 4m x 2.4m = 57.6m3 Assume 400ppm CO2 initial concentration in the air Target max CO2 concentration of 1000ppm Ducted AC system brings in fresh air to keep CO2 @ 400ppm with a handful of occupants in the room Room temperature 25C 1kg of CO2 @ 25C = [22.7 mol x 0.0821 x (273 + 25)] / 1000 = 0.56m3 CO2 weight per m3 air @ 400ppm = (0.0004m3 x 1000) /…

found this series so I can learn chem write questions and notes in a notebook for active learning.

how does chlorine hexafluoride work?

how does chlorine trifluoride work?

Hi everyone Can anyone here think of a powder which is non-toxic in high quantities (up to around 400G a day) and which contains less than about 5% of each of net carbs, and protein, and less than about 20% of each of fat and fiber? (This means that at least half of the powder's chemical composition would be of absolutely no macronutrient value at all. This obviously does not preclude micronutrient value.) Thank you very much. Kind regards Tim

the chemical formulary(the first edition is in the 1930s) is good you can find a free copy with slight digging. if you cant I will pull it and post it but I am lazy. (found out about it from stryopyro.)

I'm a student at a Environmental Science Lab at NCCU and we have been trying to get our Benchtop Evaporator set up, but since it has been out of production since 2005, we cannot get support from the manufacturer. Does anyone know someone who may be able to give us some advice? Much appreciated, Brian

I'm currently reproducing an experiment for a case study, and it concerns a topical application of horseradish peroxidase (lyophilised, 200IU/mg, dissolved in water, activated by H2O2 15%, in a 15% H2SO4 buffer). H2O2 was stored at 4°C, diluted with H2O stored at room temperature, the buffer was also at room temperature, and the process was conducted at 20°C. Working with peroxidase for the first time, I'm having doubts regarding application and handling. I've diluted the HRP with water 1 ml/mg, activated and added the buffer in a ceramic dish, and applied the mixture at room temperature using a PVC syringe, and covered over the area with a cellulose gause to en…

Are the chemicals bad for the hair? Why? Can it cause hair loss when I get older? Thanks

Hello :) We've been testing the enzyme Alkaline Phosphatase kinnetics using different concentrations of the enzyme. based on our results, we found out that our enzyme's Km is 0.831 mM. we know that a small Km indicates high affinity to the substrate and that a large Km means low affinity. We couldn't find out if our value is high or low, then we came across an article which stated that p-Nitrophenyl phosphate's Km is 1.5 mM. Does the value from the article states the optimal Km value? Does it means that our value is low and with strong affinity to the substrate? Thanks in advance!

What is the triple point of lead? At what external pressure could it be a vapor at 300C?

A pressure-sensitive azeotrope can be shifted/moved in a single volume without adding any entrainer. By adding an inert gas (e.g. nitrogen), the dew pressure of condensable vapours within said single volume can be varied, while keeping the total pressure constant. (Patent pending) commercial link removed by moderator