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Can you use traditional cipher be used in public key cryptography?
@Trurl Me thinks, you never did it in your life.. So, let's do it. On Windows download VirtualBox, download some Linux ISO file, for example Ubuntu or Kali Live e.g.: https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads (170 MB for Windows, 110 MB for Linux - but if you have Linux you don't need to install VirtualBox in the first place) https://old.kali.org/kali-images/kali-2024.4/kali-linux-2024.4-live-amd64.iso Create VM with 4GB RAM, disk space is irrelevant - you will use Live Linux i.e. without installation (it will be a way quicker). 10-15 seconds to start, instead of 15-30 minutes to install it. You need to have openssl installed. Kali and probably most of other distributions have it built-in so nothing needs to be installed. To create private key with RSA algorithm you open Terminal and use: openssl genrsa -out private.key 40964096 is the number of bits / 8 = 512 bytes. Example private key file: -----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY----- MIIJQgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCCSwwggkoAgEAAoICAQCiC9MUyjygZWGB F9g9EysaNp46O0NEOUTJmlnzV6WlXvKqn1ggPGmFzGxUB4UPTOrFdMGGrZRPwPLP 6X7VZTRZTrEiu48qrkP/dCOX79XHCcgK0iBTuDPjM9KZLiovg3EjS1CrWC4swcKx UF0wpL7QwQIlfKyYThL2FPmVIf4hPWDvvaEYb64C+onxTlqVPuHl4K3va//tXl92 tdVR9mzrVLAsneyj5aUlQUiVgl0eTzaRUG4TYU5bC9SW406A6bA2ev04ChrhG5oI wa62Gf/C7o6ZYnlmrjTw1yMfzrDwBsuyr+RIvH6YubM8ISArwhPQ4aQMR/iq7SWA PYnQi3JjkQwbRW0QmI3wgFMmW3ML/kmvd6Gqn9x49nuo3yarttUPVkLhtF0pDNLY 1UawXpJ2WK4X1hL1zJ0HLCQBAzY4jvZG3TEI6cL7RueVCE7e8TwwANPVVB9J/YEj PX6J2sf9uvIqktKaJunZDxR2sliTGvZyJj9+8xIss1U0lYoEO5K/XiYua3g7PBLC Se1o4w03dUgb/kwSgnSWahv1Z7zhqea+e2WOTH4YWY0Cy+NBFYQ2WmBcVHNKyij/ 5MSVisbSAevZSFY+5UEjsOiFz4nyapXpg04q7p5WwmxVlRuQ6vlDn7DeOSiRS7HY uyZZuCJOqO2jdO2vWX1wWdjj27MBNwIDAQABAoICABulEccns00XzpkT5M+SkBVi QP8lMhYXAQ21t+fESZ2bQ6HpGkMxmzz4wXhaahBQqnKyNvvPbBBpFeNzbbBhGhus SZrnzYZWAYK4oQPgJiPVHtv9ugceUzfNFP4N+qNtdKU1SZdZrVL0YU8XqzZLvMPn UYLssJMxKpnxvRx8lpq8Gmf7/VoqX1Dhxhu1Js30UtyBRpskXR51LasWXUSk2jMR mRabgI37dP+UkhnzighMMj57LrQ+svvkWkm9kJx8gZPhyoY/bxN9PnuE81XcvJ3Y TdqMCrMCQETgJv1bqSLhvemHiVYBVkWe1J2K9y6P5wqJHA/+TUV3vKCSnwrFZ2eg GLw+OhGO+v321qv1wRXJ4qAoF4812P1XZRf7WV3A3S1MX37lGqxu8PH9VFhbjmX5 9tTehwdXtqjNHZRShjh2yz/AHJVdF1oRrwIf7GyyN4aE+/aRU0r6MhuTbJan1tWW RbC8sC0DYQI3/BQlHfoD+yRHmeMwW8uZgVhGfQtT5WYOvPA8dnn4qd65GrJAtL9w Y6a0PWDvBV75+eJ9Ho+k8BfINHP7T8fejJpGUjeEiJrbv3qB+wMmF0tjFqymHgXr /8ezN1Eb14g9N1ZTzryqEdp6MEz64SqRI0wZFmsc1mTcPiuPVHqYJrvEmu37NcmI dKSC69tDrcaxcw1HivwBAoIBAQDkcmU04pucCZUzIx1uoJ1IG1jBjaVvcaxiDlu/ pamO8x+GO1bNRHQfCrkwpl92NZ1RrOLoDK3haPiNArK7hudmCihEaDbDNYhxbD/l eoYYaUSjRqE/gu243s4VB2pWG76bmjGp5QwPZl9i1zPoJmRMKb1Uzfp7moK9O2RP UGWMFgfCllv6AEY935GL4BXFIy/pxCA069GozQIIxs5W4BQcfZK+AqVN7sG2ATyg gIgu8T6avMi/SvbrLUdv6oe76oOegcHee596Z1sU4Z268opBFEfb1pzxCszNKkDB H5p7+yyczc/0sdMhQwhlC9J1xLD8ci68cVJcqzbETkQzQXU3AoIBAQC1lzgWDUiw 5gN+0FR5t7vLi78Ai7gKL6ECagqQEbE4lmhC3NhQsilhYUtzQKvD56AzPBQq2k9p eAbLxULf+7mATcwRV0xQRwOCAkq7HclWM+25PjgRxlXMygqSAVyqlyvrvSdqnlxz K3fo7rWxqLqkDB0V5tLZVGFtnPA1QEaRVoyJBtpMloyFrHp7mGeFM9uIpsAhhw9N qrGTz/BI4P+d4Tnt2pyGFM/5V3s6tDR4WFeq4vYEj/2pU1BEK9wI45wFJ32u3X0l /BfLCGTU2yvVO8h2sKT8h/ole3qP5kwnc2ASjyplev3xQGRYpvE5MHUbLH8RkdMu XpBKOkXXoNQBAoIBAQCt9ttRSZu8WKPQvFXmb9M2HPUa9/XahxMB3PNLXylfHY+N FdUFHbLcDLt368pYZ320u9ZTZYxoUhqsrzhSi+ndD7EYXtANGdAcp5WE+CfzoP5O 5DNY/ShwluMSqoH0rs4ZCnP1b+IePBQ5Xa4+hDXutf5i/TRZOhGDbx31NEEQS5p/ OSczm0/iQEVC4lNRu3j6KItqIYaYZ/27l0F8cMl/5LSBk9w0G7RSGGEFzLtoG/hT t52b5sdf0ixLcqsIlA7E/wUWmseYW+rFXQZTXe2gn4QVSjpbaKELP7juGFX5Qg34 HtbU/THNa5GR+U28txscMwuaHyXcQdnD5eITsi5DAoIBABFahTKeTF8TbCwXTqtf IqQ+E5/CunDGwnVPmvjPqAcHYKlbH5T+obO7r5ExEfkjzox25lp+CG7E2KlqjYyI Kt8XEDRsCk/1qWEoROoC27XQOpykVIlmUdbDTCVN2gQ3dCwQJI8s2RrsgYYSIez7 efKpcbIhH+9DABiQkegU32mOQtnpfL0q+fzgUcgz9VimbwltHhlWJeE/Ob8tdQIR 9nupBXc0mBa8MG/cq1sd05HYp3AeRnKDLDOdUaNiKaHz1nornvgyFH6ny8JMaA5r b5HuJ6coFGxJtl8UoM7VrFtszDaZ1exix5fhlnVeZtkXR2m0Y+RS8kKRKOrfDMOh jAECggEAX5f1KbYaZkx72M3MAfKZh237bgKPuJ+a7CtgU62ZknHqnFsoNvHD1uTz T/fxWW9xgyBX3tcaOse+PaYQliIiSu4A0HnN0sawKeFvLOIet3ushtenTgkCBbGl c8jWcrJe3Yk0bf61Vekse+kW6GAAQffJU0/85GWbHyU71xHmpZfgm8G4rdt7iRry ygjargCzUFzbIkKaq6ctXjlmxwp3PFYsn+65Yo4EYQ5Fsp+YYc8BvdmB/h0FC34x +LwWzWsqBDCDqvgFS1KX1Zr3aZdCn5NejDzESj0dEf4IWqc9JLkybDbwJ26o0rgv TNlh3K5wYBLgldBnXcy7gjTJoKP1Jw== -----END PRIVATE KEY----- Public key is derivative of private key: openssl rsa -in private.key -pubout -out public.keyi.e. private key is input parameter to public key generation procedure. Example public key file (matching the above private key): -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIICIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEAogvTFMo8oGVhgRfYPRMr GjaeOjtDRDlEyZpZ81elpV7yqp9YIDxphcxsVAeFD0zqxXTBhq2UT8Dyz+l+1WU0 WU6xIruPKq5D/3Qjl+/VxwnICtIgU7gz4zPSmS4qL4NxI0tQq1guLMHCsVBdMKS+ 0MECJXysmE4S9hT5lSH+IT1g772hGG+uAvqJ8U5alT7h5eCt72v/7V5fdrXVUfZs 61SwLJ3so+WlJUFIlYJdHk82kVBuE2FOWwvUluNOgOmwNnr9OAoa4RuaCMGuthn/ wu6OmWJ5Zq408NcjH86w8AbLsq/kSLx+mLmzPCEgK8IT0OGkDEf4qu0lgD2J0Ity Y5EMG0VtEJiN8IBTJltzC/5Jr3ehqp/cePZ7qN8mq7bVD1ZC4bRdKQzS2NVGsF6S dliuF9YS9cydBywkAQM2OI72Rt0xCOnC+0bnlQhO3vE8MADT1VQfSf2BIz1+idrH /bryKpLSmibp2Q8UdrJYkxr2ciY/fvMSLLNVNJWKBDuSv14mLmt4OzwSwkntaOMN N3VIG/5MEoJ0lmob9We84anmvntljkx+GFmNAsvjQRWENlpgXFRzSsoo/+TElYrG 0gHr2UhWPuVBI7Dohc+J8mqV6YNOKu6eVsJsVZUbkOr5Q5+w3jkokUux2LsmWbgi Tqjto3Ttr1l9cFnY49uzATcCAwEAAQ== -----END PUBLIC KEY-----To encrypt a file, so it is not possible to read it without private key, you use: openssl pkeyutl \ -encrypt \ -pubin \ -inkey public.key \ -in file.txt \ -out file.enc \ -pkeyopt rsa_padding_mode:oaep \ -pkeyopt rsa_oaep_md:sha256 To decode you need your private key: openssl pkeyutl \ -decrypt \ -inkey private.key \ -in file.enc \ -out file.txt \ -pkeyopt rsa_padding_mode:oaep \ -pkeyopt rsa_oaep_md:sha256 What knowledge do you have after a real life testings? Public key must have enough information to be able one-way encode a file. Private key has enough information to either encode and decode a file. Public key is derivative of private key. ps. Generated example private and public keys are base64 encoded to be readable by a human. Ask ChatGPT/Gemini how to generate binary files instead, if you want to use binary and eventually write your own RSA encryption/decryption.
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Help please.
When I want to transfer files between phone and PC, I set up web server on the phone or PC. On the phone you do it by installing Termux. e.g. https://f-droid.org/packages/com.termux/ On the PC (easier) you do it by installing Apache or XAMPP (even easier): https://www.apachefriends.org/pl/index.html or if you have Linux, I simply write "service apache2 start" (web server folder is in /var/www/html ) Then you make sure you have both devices in the same local network e.g. make Hotspot on the phone and log in this WiFi from PC, or vice versa. To learn what is IP address you use ipconfig on Windows, or ifconfig or ip addr on the Termux. Then you put files in correct folder in Apache. Ask ChatGPT "what is apache folder on Termux" or "what is apache folder on Windows" And then you visit http://ip-address (which you got from ipconfig/ifconfig above. If you copy'n'paste this reply into ChatGPT/Gemini, they will explain you my procedure with more details. Of course this is procedure for remote transfer.. The easiest non-remote way is by simply plugging USB cable.. "Syncing" means "sending all your files to the cloud, and then redownloading it from the cloud".. i.e. if you have poor Internet, rate limited, you can't do that.. It is plain stupid.
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LLMs (split from Open the website, HAL)
Either Google and ChatGPT gave me "Somerton Tunnel". Which answer is correct? IMHO, you shouldn't use "NE", but write full "North East". "NE" is too ambiguous. We don't know if LLM understood "NE" correctly. The tokenizer needs to convert human-readable words into tokens. "NE" is not an English word. "NE" may be a word in some other language, with a completely different meaning than you think. There is no weights database ("~100B parameters") per country. There is just one weights/parameters database for all languages. We don't know how in "Google AI" it is implemented internally. ChatGPT tokenizer is one for all languages. It does not recognize languages. What Google gives if you skip this "NE" and asks for "What is the name of the mainline railway tunnel in Taunton ?" BTW, if I cut it to "tunnel NE of Taunton" I got this: You realize that such questions are not possible to be answered by pre-trained LLM from internal weights/parameters database, right? It can't fit all in "weights" aka "parameters", right? "AI overview" uses Google search engine, and "reads" these articles which you have straight below your "AI Overview" answer. So, for example, if somebody is buying ads for "xyz" because e.g. earns money on selling tickets for historical place, such articles will be on the top and in many different forms (social media, and online media, for example). "AI Overview" will read them, and create something from them. “AI Overview” is not the right tool for what you want to use it for. Try: Gemini ("Google AI" in chat mode). ChatGPT They work on different principles than "AI Overview"..
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LLMs (split from Open the website, HAL)
The LLM is designed to provide answers at all costs. It's like a dog, a soldier, a gangster, or a slave who's been given an assignment and told, "You will die if you fail." It's like a student taking an exam with several incorrect and correct answers and guessing the answer without knowing it. Teachers at school (normal human school) say "if you don't know the answer, guess" (i.e., use your intuition, common sense, and probably later a real guess). So this is de facto emotional behavior. Most often, hallucinations occur when someone asks a question that 1) the LLM doesn't know the answer to, or 2) the question is too ambiguous, or 3) the context window size of the model has overflowed (the model lost some data that was sent earlier in prompts and answers) Very rarely, the LLM asks for clarification on ambiguous questions. LLM wants to give some answer, even an incorrect one, just to avoid giving the answer "I don't know the answer to your question" which is a failure. This "I don't know the answer" answer is very, very rare. And it should be giving answers like this all the time! ChatGPT only has 100 billion parameters. Other LLM models are reluctant to reveal their parameter count. You can try to extract this information from them. If you don't see the message "searching net" etc., it means that everything it generates is generated from these 100 billion parameters. And if LLM did "searching the net", how can we know which websites LLM visited and what LLM saw on, for example, unreliable ones? The number of parameters depends on the amount of memory in the GFX card. This 100 billion parameters is split to multiple GFX cards located on a single server node. You need to understand how this algorithm works to use it effectively. People don't know shit, so they later make such a fuss about their LLM generating this or that incorrect output. Except, for example, a chat that's running like ChatGPT has context memory. A "AI output" that's running in the Google search engine doesn't remember what you searched for (and answers for it) five seconds ago. People accustomed to Google can give super short, meaningless, too ambiguous prompts. Asking questions is an art.
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The sign of a modest president - The Arc de Trump
- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
Thanks for reminding us that he was an idiot. To die, you 1) have to exist, and then to be 2) mortal.. So basically the opposite of (immortal) deity..- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
Do you know how many articles from antiquity mention the existence of Caesar? 11 Half of them were written by people who lived >50..100 years later => unreliable.. 2x claimed by Caesar, 3x claimed by Caesar's officer, 1x claimed by Caesar's enemy.. Author Title Date Type Description / Focus Gaius Julius Caesar Commentarii de Bello Gallico 58–50 BCE Autobiographical / Military Cezar’s own account of the Gallic Wars; written in third person, mix of propaganda and factual reporting. Gaius Julius Caesar Commentarii de Bello Civili 49–48 BCE Autobiographical / Political Account of the civil war against Pompey and the Senate; continuation of military and political narrative. Unknown (likely Caesar’s officers) De Bello Alexandrino 47 BCE Military / Historical Account of the Alexandrian campaign; authorship uncertain, attributed to Cezar’s staff. Unknown (likely Caesar’s officers) De Bello Africo 46 BCE Military / Historical Account of the African campaign; continuation of Caesar’s campaigns in the civil war. Unknown (likely Caesar’s officers) De Bello Hispaniensi 46–45 BCE Military / Historical Account of the Spanish campaign; attributed to Caesar’s supporters. Suetonius De Vita Caesarum (Lives of the Caesars) c. 121 CE Biographical Detailed biography of Julius Caesar within the series of Twelve Caesars; includes anecdotes and personal traits. Plutarch Parallel Lives – Caesar and Pompey c. 46–120 CE Biographical / Moral Comparative biography; focuses on character, moral lessons, and political decisions. Appian Roman History: Civil Wars c. 95–165 CE Historical Detailed narrative of the Roman civil wars, including Caesar’s role in the fall of the Republic. Cassius Dio Roman History c. 155–235 CE Historical Later Roman history covering Caesar’s military campaigns, political reforms, and assassination. Diodorus Siculus Bibliotheca Historica (Books 37–44) 1st century BCE Historical Greek history covering Gallic Wars and civil war; offers alternative perspectives. Marcus Tullius Cicero Epistulae ad Atticum, Philippicae 106–43 BCE Political / Correspondence Letters and speeches mentioning Caesar’s politics, Senate actions, and civil war events; critical but contemporary.- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
The same is everywhere. But not UK centered. It is XYZ-centered. Replace XYZ with the name of the country where the people live. i.e. you live in the UK, you learn the British version of history, you live in the USA, you learn the American version of history, you live in France, you learn the French version of history, you live in Germany, you learn the German version of history, you live in the USSR/Russia, you learn the USSR/Russian version of history, etc., etc. You think you know this and that about history, and then you start (or not? Why would you?) with a person from abroad, and it turns out that your versions of history differ significantly.. and a confrontation ensues.. anger, etc., etc. This usually concerns recent modern history.. because what happened in ancient times or the Middle Ages is "who cares?".. but the closer to our times, the better not to talk to someone from abroad, especially one too close, because it could end up in a street fight on the weekend after a few.. No. It wasn't. The closer we get to our times, the less objective it becomes.. Now we have a ton of disinformation, for example, about Ukraine and Russia's losses in the war. Each side is pushing its own version.. We had a regime ("regime" with quotes, you have your own regime too) change, and the versions of history taught in schools changed. A miracle. Nowadays, even a 20-year-old with a 40-year-old and a 60-year-old will argue on the street if they talk about history. We have a saying: "you've been in the ass, you've seen shit".. I asked ChatGPT to sum up the number of history lessons in primary school: as of today it is 396 x 45 minutes. In high school 216 x 45 minutes. In the humanities department of the school 324 - 432 x 45 minutes. At university it's hard to say. Every “John Doe” here on every street had at least 459 hours of history lessons. One cybersecurity guy here told us how an LLM from Atrophy generated code for him that was hacked during development, and then the hacker laughed in his face and replaced the source code. He described in quite detail what the LLM did wrong and its errors.. So sorry, but your post is not very credible.. You've probably only seen programmers in the movie The Matrix..- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
I don't know where you had economics in ancient and medieval history, if you even took it in school (which is doubtful in US/UK schools). There's practically nothing there except who fought whom. At most, there was something about agriculture in Egypt and Mesopotamia. But that was just a few sentences. The statement "they sowed rye and wheat" or something else is even difficult to extend further, as the scientists themselves do not know better. ps. Since when do they teach economics in world history lessons? I've never experienced that here.- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
It must be a tragic news to you but e.g. Android SDK has a function (actually method) which is called "speak": https://developer.android.com/reference/android/speech/tts/TextToSpeech#speak(java.lang.CharSequence,%20int,%20android.os.Bundle,%20java.lang.String) All operating system functions are named similarly. Ooooh.. wait.. I forgot you don't have an iPhone and you probably don't say "hey Siri" to "her".. Right? So you greet your AI agent (who had nothing to do with AI when it was called that) and you still greeted him. WTF?! You could say the same about anyone - they don't think, they just repeat what they were taught at home, at school, at university, on the street, and elsewhere throughout their early years. The difference is both large and small. To even notice it, you have to understand/know how an LLM works and what worse understand/know how human works. And humans are very bad at this. If a Russian child is against the war and says so at school, their parents are later arrested. Surely they must have gotten that information from somewhere. Where do you mean where? It's not from school—which indoctrinates and instills what it instills. Where? From the family home! https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cd7xlll39l5o Just a second ago, iNow told us that AI is better than any human programmer in the world. And somehow you didn't think it was appropriate to slam him for that piece of nonsense. Weird? Where does your selectivity come from? Does someone dictate to you whose posts you have a problem with, and which ones are completely rubbish, so you ignore them?- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
The meaning of the statement "winners write history" is the same as "history is written by the winners".. I don't know what you're talking about. I just rearranged the words. But the meaning in my language is the same regardless of order. I don't know what it's like in yours, and I don't know why you even have a problem with that statement.- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
Are you unfamiliar with the concept that "winners write history"? https://www.google.com/search?q=winners+write+history Can't you read English? After all, it was mentioned in the conversation with ChatGPT quite clearly..- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
ChatGPT would say that human history is written by the winners, and therefore it is not objective, i.e. it cannot be trusted without limits. Let's see: What everybody calls by "AI" is not AI at all. Here is discussion about true AI: Find the difference between Donald T. and ChatGPT ;)- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
- Why you have to be so careful accepting answers from AI
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