Biology

I am currently confused as to which stats test to use. I am checking for the number of species orders found between managed and unmanaged dune slacks. I have already done a Simpson's index for diversity, but I assumed that for this assignment I would also need to do a significance test. I did an ANOVA and Tukey test, and no significant difference found in either. I am wondering if I am supposed to see no significant difference, and just leave it at that or whether or not doing it wrong and that I am supposed to do a different type of test. I hope this makes sense. I have attached screenshots of both the tests and my data. Any suggestions welcome, thanks for readin…

Hello everyone I'm looking for master programms related with Behavioral Ecology, Sociobiology focused ideally on human and primates in general. I live and I want to stay in EU area so there is a geographical limit! Any good advice? Thank you in advance!

Hey guys I'm going to be applying to Uni this year or next year. So I need some books to show that I'm interested for my application. What are the best books you would recommend on Neuroscience? ❤️

I just wanted to open this discussion because I'm very curious. Do we have a natural need to reproduce? Could some people lack that need? Or has that need been weakened for some? Could the factor be the society we live in nowadays? Or maybe something also internal? What do you guys think?

How long are seeds of plants typically viable? In other words, how long after a seed has been plucked from a plant can it be planted into the soil and produce a plant?

I'm a little worried about germs coming into contact with the ring of plastic beverage cap, but I'm not sure how best to disinfect it without doing more harm than good. Would immersion in saturated saltwater kill whatever floor germs got on it, or is that only good for deterring bacteria from entering a particular environment in the first place? I'm very hesitant to resort to any stronger chemicals as I'm worried those chemicals might do me more harm than the bacteria themselves.

Pulsed electro-magnetic fields effects on cells. Sounds like Pulsed electro-magnetic fields maybe real science and not junk science Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT, or PEMF therapy), also known as low field magnetic stimulation (LFMS) uses electromagnetic fields in an attempt to heal non-union fractures and depression.[1] By 2007 the FDA had cleared several such stimulation devices.[2] In 2013 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned a manufacturer for promoting the device for unapproved uses such as cerebral palsy and spinal cord injury Prior to the year 2000, in parallel with the PEMF research being done in Weste…

I was reading through machine learning methods when I had a thought, "Wasn't some of these how the body programmed its cells?" Like with the Thymus The Body continouly produce T-Cells then runs them through examples of the various cells in the body and examples of remembered bad cells. If the T-cells attack a good cell or don't attack a bad cell, they are recycled That sounds to me like the same method used for basic machine learning. Is machine learning called something different when done by the body?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuYeQi4wB_k#t=2m40s So I was recently thinking about this Cheech and Chong scene in which the characters smoke a joint in which cannabis is mixed with dog feces, presumably because the screenwriters were going for cheap shock value. In real life, though, wouldn't this risk causing them to inhale aerosolized fecal matter, and in turn, causing them to inhale all the pathogens contained within it? Or would the heat from the flames kill the pathogens on their way into the individual's lungs? Even if this kills the pathogens, would this still risk causing inhalation of non-trivial amounts of hydrogen sulfide and/or methane? (Disclaim…

Hi. Hens do lay eggs without intervention of males of the species. That has to be a considerable expense and waste of resources. What is going on ? Why do eagles, ducks, pelicans... do not ? Or do they ?

Not sure if meaningfully distinct from the danger zone thread; feel free to merge them if it isn't. So the other day I noticed that the tupperware in which one of my meals was stored had a hole in it. If that didn't get germs in it, then being startled enough by this to wind up dropping it on the floor; on the side the hole was on; surely did. However, the meal looks otherwise good and I don't want to throw it out needlessly. If I were to take the food out of the tupperware, put it on a cooking sheet, and heat it in the oven, is there a temperature and/or duration reasonably certain to kill all harmful pathogens? And does this need to be done tonig…

It makes sense that if the ape could evolve into a human, so could every animal out there. Why would God just take a ape and be like, go thee and be human? Was God a charlatan? A racist? A bozo? Of course not. Religion and science will agree on one thing: God is a nice guy. So God, if he bequeathed the apes to evolve into humans, then obviously, he must have done so with the lizards, the sparrows, the dogs and the cats. Alternative example: why would ONLY the apes evolve in humans? Do they have some sort of evolution-gene that only apes possess? In which case, do humans have that gene too? And if we do, wont we go on evolving and evolving forev…

So I'm hearing that the danger zone for food and beverages left at room temperature is 1 to 2 hours; 1 if the room is warm enough, 2 if the room is reasonably cool. But does this depend on the food item? Suppose I had a cup of tea, and left the teabag in the cup for reuse later. Do I need to pour boiling water in within 2 hours or otherwise discard the teabag? If so, does the boiling hot water reset the cycle for another 2 hours, or does the fact that the teabag was at room temperature somewhat reduce it?

When I was working with pharma to analyze the UK Biobank and other cohorts for genomic drivers of disease, I was frustrated that the primary form of analysis was association studies. So I built an open source Python framework called AIQC in order to make deep learning more accessible to researchers. Although the project received a small grant from the Python Software Foundation, it needs and is now ready for real-world validation in the form of research collaborations. Documentation = https://aiqc.readthedocs.io Use Cases = https://aiqc.readthedocs.io/en/latest/tutorials.html So if your organization, university, team, or institute …

This is a sample of my turtle's feces seen through a microscope.I'm curious to know what are these microorganisms that have tails and if they are harmful to anybody.I'm thinking they are rotifers after comparing them to other microscopic animals but i could be wrong.

No fan of Rand Paul, but his line of questioning was interesting. There was a very comprehensive article recently examining the two origin theories featured in Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, by Nicholas Wade. Wade was the staff writer for the Science Times section of the NYT from 1982 to 2012. His article here: https://thebulletin.org/2021/05/the-origin-of-covid-did-people-or-nature-open-pandoras-box-at-wuhan/

The emergence of polyploid cells in mammals can be associated with the development and differentiation of certain tissues. For instance, polyploid cells are present in the heart (cardiomyocytes: 4n), placenta (trophoblast giant cells: 8n to 64n), bone marrow (megakaryocytes: 16n to 128n), pancreas (acinar cells: 4n)19,20 and liver (hepatocytes: 4n to 8n)21,22,23. Ref: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-020-0284-x Figure 1. Multiple cell cycle variants are observed in mammalian cardiomyocytes. During normal productive cell cycle progression resulting in proliferation, the mother cell prepares itself during G1 phase and replicates its DNA during S phase.…

Hi all, Can we chat about what y’all think the effect of having Cannabis related work experience does, in terms of obtaining jobs? At this point, I’ve had three Cannabis jobs: one on the growing side (greenhouse work, IPM, data collection, etc…) as well as tissue culture (growing cannabis/hemp in vitro) and product testing (analytical laboratory). Being as how I live in a legal, medical/recreational state, I didn’t really think it would be a problem. However, I do notice that I never get call backs on jobs that I’m definitely qualified for and I’ve always wanted to know why. I’m sure some of it could be chalked up to my experience not being enough/too much …

Greetings. Seems that maaaany types of microbes, bacterias, molds, cultures, yeasts produce maaaany flavors and types on products we consume. Are those interchangeable; like a certain microbe that makes a cheese can make -say soybeans- fermenting to obtain a certain flavor/texture/whatever ? Or a Camembert bacteria (or any other) cannot be used to ferment grain for alcohol production ? How does it work ? Am I wrongly mixing yeasts, bacterias... in the question, and must be dealt separately ? Like using the something yogurt bacteria to produce a way different grain fermentation for obtaining a unique bread... 🥴

Why do some plants' leaves turn yellow, whilst others turn red? Are there any any particular evolutionary advantages to chosing a particular color?

Hello, I would have a question about dilutions in immuohistochemistry. Maybe could help me? The desired dilution is 1: 100. The first protocol that I used said to add 10ul in 1000ul buffer. I considered this too much antibody, but, If I am right, it is still correct since 1000/10=100 dilution factor. After that, a new protocol was available, and this last protocol said to do 1:100 dilution and prepare 500 ul of primary antibody solution. So I prepared 5ul antibody and 500 ul buffer (since 500/5 = 100, dilution factor). However, I see that some people consider that it has to be 5ul and 495ul of buffer to reach the final volume of 500 (or in the firs…

Hey I need to identify this for a class and I searched google for anything I could find, and an accompanying picture, but got nothing. I'm wondering if I'll find help here. Here's a picture I drew of it. It's horrible, but it's what it looks like. http://img81.imageshack.us/img81/9080/sporezp4.jpg ALL white, spiral with two or three rotations, about .5 cm stalk length, with white balls (spores?) on the ends. I found it on a door on the outside of an upstairs building in a perpetually shady spot. Any help would be much appreciated!! Thanks Jon

I'm interested in seeing if there's any benefits.

Are these books using 'differential' correctly? Why not just write 'different'? English isn't my first language, and I don't understand the difference between 'differential' and 'different' as adjectives. 1. Handbook of the Biology of Aging edited by Edward J. Masoro, Steven N. Austad. p 480. 2. The Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology edited by David L. Hull, Michael Ruse. p 46. 3. p 78. 4. Dictionary of Plant Genetics and Molecular Biology by Gurbachan Miglani. Anyone know the page #?

I've read that dogs have sweat glands only on their tongues and the pads of their feet. So I was curious about two things I've noticed my dog (and some other dogs do): 1. When they are hot, they tend to lie on the floor instead of the carpet. Does lying on linoleum, hard wood, etc. keep them cooler? Maybe this case has nothing to do with sweating. 2. They also lie in front of a floor fan we have. This is what confused me because as far as I know, the reason fans cool off humans is because it evaporates the sweat on our skin. Since this doesn't happen for dogs, do they actually gain anything from lying in front of a fan when they're hot? Thanks.