Biology

I was just glancing at an article that states there should be a concern about using antibiotics on animals for food production, and I had this question. Evolution is about survival of the fittest, and I do not doubt that stronger bugs servive. My question is how does removing the antibiotics reverse Evolution? It seems to me that what they are asking is for us to stop trying to survive. This would be cheaper, but the long term effects would seem to me to be less beneficial. Actually I'm not sure it would be cheaper. It would put us in a catch-up phase and put off the cost to a time when it would be more expensive. In the present the need four greater product…

What is the scientific name for the Banna Virus?

We are often told that biology is only about chemical reactions but what about nuclear and sub-nuclear reactions? Do quarks have any influence on the way our body works?

It was suggested to me yesterday that Aromatherapy (specifically, applying oils such as lavender to the skin) can impact human hormones. Whilst the term "aromatherapy" sets off quackery alarms in my brain, the lady was quite insistent that this was true. so I was a little unsure what to believe. I *guess* the biological mechanism is there, after all, you can poison yourself through the epidermis I believe. Having goggled scholarly articles/clinical studies, I came back with nothing I trusted, but lots of hippy sites with no references. If someone could help educate me a little, I would appreciate it

Maybe this is more fit for the Lounge forum, but I'm wondering if anyone can recommend some documentary about power dynamics inside an animal society? I'm particularly interested in ones where the power dynamics and the differences in social order are very pronounced and possibly involve violence, like among wolves, for ex., but anything about power dynamics and social orders.

This is related to my cyborg thought experiment(which is really an extension of my cell from scratch thought experiment). It is about determining heart rate, breathing rate, temperature, %O2, and blood pressure from these parameters: Age Activity(sleeping, eating, running, etc.) Disease or no disease Specific disease(if in fact it has a disease) Severity of disease and Emotion For the control studies I would need to make sure that I have people and/or cyborgs with the same vital signs at rest(Using average vital signs to make it simpler) This would require that I monitor all of them while at rest in conditions that wouldn't cause unexpected variation. …

1. I am a visual person. Is there a video that can detail how the fetus breaks down surrounding molecules and synthesizes them for absorbtion. Reading scientific journals is not helping. Or maybe someone can explain in laymans terms. 2. When the Sperm Pronuclei and Ovum Pronuclei combine inside the egg. Is the outer part of the Egg what becomes the placenta? Does the whole egg harbor all the processes of the development cycle? 3. Where do microtubles come from. Are they all ready inside of the egg or sperm? Or does the developing fetus create them?

When the sex of the fetus get determined ? when the embryo's ear starts to shape ? When the embryo is capable hearing ? when the embryo's eyes start to shape ? When the embryo is capable seeing ? when the embryo's bones start to shape ? when the embryo's skin starts to shape ? --------- i need the answers in (days) not in weeks like embryo's bones start to shape in the day 13 not in week 2 -just an example-

so here's what i want to know if every animal species was killed off in under something like 1 minute (haha yes i know i sound like a kid) could plants evolve into animals as we know them like all the characteristics like reproducing with egg and sperm, motion (i mean the ablity to actually get up and move away from where they were planted, not like carnivorous plants), flesh like muscles that sort of stuff i mean sure carnivorous plants eat and can move to an extent but i mean without insects (which i consider animals of course) they probably wouldnt survive. I was just wondering whether plants would evolve into things like insects, herbivores (cannibalism right th…

Spending time with loved ones or things we get positive feelings and in during exams or bad things we get fearful or negative response. This is all due to almond shaped structure in brain called amygdala. This was found out by MIT researchers. Two populations neurons in the brain responsible for the good and bad feeling to us according to the researchers. These neurons pass the information to other regions in brain that create feelings to us. This is very helpful to cure the people who have mental illness. Advertising link removed by Moderator

Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) in anticancer therapy is because they can cause cell death on extended mitotic arrest, the machinery of controlling mitotic arrest is well defined, while the components handling cell death and factors associated in the networks are still not understood very well. Recently, scientists aimed to systematically assess the relative contribution of individual BCL2 family members to cell death initiation on MTA (BI 2536,ABT-737) treatment with single cell resolution. The work shows that BCL2 and BCLX phosphorylation represents a priming event in mitotic cell death that is triggered by NOXA-dependent MCL1 degradation. The MCL1 decay allows in t…

Can anyone explain and expand my knowledge on these questions? Totally new to biology and got exams in a few weeks. Like just starting today new and got exams in about a months time. Redoing my final's exam as I was going towards law and decided to go into science. So this is the second term exams and I have only 1 month to learn all of biology and chemistry. Can anyone elaborate and explain more on this for a new totally fresh starting biology student? Thanks. Pictures of the paper : http://i.imgur.com/XCkD8OA.jpg http://i.imgur.com/MKbAoOj.jpg

I recall reading on an internet forum a few years ago about a woman who enjoyed taking hot showers for long periods of time. She took a shower and closed the windows and the door. When she was found an autopsy showed her lungs were filled with water. Steam/mist condenses, so is it possible to drown because of steam/mist?

So I woke up and saw this article http://www.inquisitr.com/1895409/rajeshwari-karnan-mother-claims-burned-son-spontaneously-combusted-and-its-not-the-first-time/ And also the case of a 'Frank Baker', who starred in a documentary on the Science Channel. He claims to have survived and that a doctor concluded his skin had burnt from the inside out. I've also heard tales of how people's skin feels hot, and emits smoke, leaving blisters behind. What do you think? This runs contrary to what my biology professor taught me - that high heat destroys the proteins which run metabolism at a temperature much below the temperature needed to ignite the epidermis. Some peo…

Hi guys and gals! Does anybody recall reading any scientific articles that show clear biased or selective observation? I'm currently reviewing literature and despite having searched long and hard I find myself totally unable to find articles that show clear selective observation, and neglect of factors that ultimately affect any conclusion drawn from the results. For example; if someone were to complete a study that used an aquatic species with end result drawn being pH, then that person would have to account for respiration that occurred during the time the species were in the water body, as respiration could lead to a decrease in pH. Having given that a…

Hello, I am currently working on the distribution of cell receptors on the cell surface (on the plasma membrane). I know that the receptors interact. I wonder what kind were these receptor interactions. Also, I'm interested in any information about the distribution of receptors on the cell surface. Thank you PS: Excuse my English, I'm from France!

I read an 1800's book about a man who had hypnotised a girl into stopping her heart (her breathing stopped also) and dying on cue.

For example if they hold their breath, would they still get the urge to breathe as a result of the excess carbon dioxide in their blood as a result of holding their breath? Dr. Reubens proclaims that the ears are very important for breathing, and are responsible for this reflex. In particular, deaf people with damaged inner ears - and hence no balance, etc.

I've seen a few larvae like in the picture below a few times in the last few days. I live in Melbourne, Australia and so far looking through various websites I think it must be the larva form of Darkling beetle. What do you guys think?

http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2011/01/inner-ear-damge-linked-to-breathing-difficulty-in-mammals/1#.VSr7j_nF98F http://m.oxfordmedicine.com/mobile/view/10.1093/med/9780198566342.001.0001/med-9780198566342-chapter-8

So my fiancee is leaning towards the anti vaccer movement while I'm neutral. The mercury and other ingredients in the vaccines, whatsup with that? Is that all misinformation or something I'm not understanding? The spikes in viruses, is there any hard evidence to support it's caused by the anti vaccinates? I think it is but have nothing to hold up an argument with. I don't believe that vaccines cause autism, haven't been able to find any hard evidence on that though. Can anybody help me form a valid opinion on this?

We know that 2D, traditional flask culture does not properly mimic the microenvironment of cells in vivo. The convenience of 2d culture has allowed decades of research and industry down a path which has already seen many publications relevant in 2D, yet not applicable to 3D. Have you started culturing in 3D? If so what methods have you used? Hanging drop? Scaffolds? Bioreactors? A combination? links removed

A spice commonly used in curry could help erase bad memories, according to a study.Curcumin, a bright-yellow compound found in the root of the Indian spice turmeric, prevented new fear memories being stored in the brain, and also removed pre-existing fear memories, researchers found.It is hoped that the findings will help develop treatments for people suffering with psychological disorders. Psychologists from The City University of New York trained rats to become scared when they heard a particular sound. Scientists assumed the creatures were frightened when they froze.Hours later, when the same sound was played to the rats, those who had been given ordinary food froze.Y…

How would a organism with a equivalent intellect to human develop technology underwater. For example, on a planet with no land. Would they be able to achieve human like technological advancement, or will they be limited by having to work underwater? I imagine an octopus like creature with very good object manipulation ability may stand the best chance, but underwater computers wtf?!? Another question, imagine a species was 50% smarter than human on average, with the ability to communicate and collaborate the same or better than humans, but it had the body of say a dolphin, could they ever even develop computing or eventually leave their planet? Sorry, wasn't s…

Scientists have developed tiny nanoneedles that have successfully prompted parts of the body to generate new blood vessels, in a trial in mice.Their nanoneedle technique could ultimately help damaged organs and nerves to repair themselves and help transplanted organs to thrive. The nanoneedles work by delivering nucleic acids to a specific area. Nucleic acids are the building blocks of all living organisms and they encode, transmit and express genetic information.The nanoneedles are tiny porous structures that act as a sponge to load significantly more nucleic acids than solid structures. This makes them more effective at delivering their payload. They can penetrate th…