Biology

Not sure if this belongs here but anyways..... Ive heard that pre-ejaculate fluid, or pre cum, can contain sperm and that you can impregnate a women by this means. Ive also heard that it doesnt, which is the one i believe, because it comes from a gland just at the base of the penis, but that this fluid can pick up and carry any sperm left in the urethra after a previous ejaculation. Though this seems to me that unless you have unprotected sex right after you just had sex then the sperm would be inert, not encouraging or discouraging unprotected sex by any means thats your personal decision. But i would like to see if anyone out there has a link or some such proof that …

Is there any study on the possibility of the mutationist hypothesis as a possible evolutionary mechanism at the developmental level, sort of a norm of reaction type of effect in which hotspots for mutation may develop from say selective pressures? Basically sort of a signaling process is what I am thinking about possibly, operating somewhat like any other biochemical process at a epistatic level. I mean recombination is a powerful thing really, I just wonder exactly its potentials. Metabolism alone seems to suggest how fine selective pressures can be, so does convergent evolution. So I am wondering if what brings about the mutationist perspective is maybe a product o…

what is the name for the study of bugs. I can not seem to find an answer on the internet.

I'm amazed I havn't asked this before, but this happend roughly ten years ago, and for some reason I was thinking about it last night. Anyway, I was walking back from a friends house, and took the normal route past the local hospital on a main road. I noticed an animal in the distance, but couldn't make out if it was a cat or a young fox (it was quite large) then it came hurtling towards me, and instantly I thought it was a particulary large sewer rat. However, it stood up on it's hind legs and was jumping and squealing very loudly. I noticed it had prominent front teeth, similar to a rodent, light brown in colour, but it was far too big for a rat, it was very slende…

Prepare a 20-minute PowerPoint presentation that focuses on research discovery and/or applications that emerge from the pharmaceutical biotechnology industry. I can choose from from the following topics: psychopharmacology, cardiovascular pharmacology, neuropharmacology, endocrine pharmacology, protein engineering, and immunopharmacology. Thanks

Millions and millions of years passed, generations have been dead and other generations were born. Yet we are all divided from the original reproductive cells of our ancestors! Why don't we see new arrivals of aged bodies? Why can reproductive cells permanently be young?

If I died, which structures of my brain to be rebuilt would let me know I'm back? If someone creates another brain with the same structures as I have, will I have the feeling that I have two brains? I mean if the body that the brain controls was hurt will I feel his pain? If the body is making love, will I feel his excitement? Can I feel all his desires, passions, happiness, fears, etc. etc. If I can't, then where is my selfawareness really from? The unique materials which form my brain? But won't my metabolizm interferes that? I'm really bewilldered! In short, If I die, will my selfawareness vanish? If it will, will I get all my feelings back ever, naturally or artificia…

Ok, I love the subject of speciation, particularly in the realm of zoology, so I can't help but think that, if the world had not been so cross populated with different 'races' of people, these 'races' would have eventially developed into different species. So I guess I was just wondering if people would agree that human 'races' were/are kind of a starting point to speciation in humans, which may or may not have been stopped by cross breading.

I have read that it is valued less than it should. but i think it would really depend on what kinds of organisms are involved. How to give monetary value to biodiversity? How much value should one give to biodiversity?

Hi all I work with INS1E cells, a beta cell line, for insulin secretion studies. My experiment is to give each well of cells an increasing amount of glucose, and in theory the beta cells should release increasing amounts of insulin. However my results have been inconsistent even with careful attention to every step. Does anyone have any thoughts on why this problem occurs?

Transpiration is the process of loss of water from the aerial parts of the body in the form of water droplets. It was Curtis who stated that Transpiration is a necessary evil. Transpiration is an effect which either opposes or favours the cause that produced it depending on the availability of water in the soil. It is just an emergent property which emerges out when there are pores on the surface of living organisms. They need this pores for the exchange of gases which is important for metabolic activities. The number of pores depend on the concentration of gas in the atmophere that has to be fixed. Animals have just two nostrils or pores because the concentration of oxyg…

Well I have a rat dissection test coming up of all the anatomy and stuff and I was wondering if anyone here knows a website other than the 1st few pages of google that could actually help me. THANKS A LOT

Random thought I had today, when I purchased a pack of berry gummies; grape wasnt in there! Why not? Isnt it essentially the same thing as any other berry - but I dont believe its considered one.

Some think they are, some dont. According to classical philosophers, an entity can only be defined by what it is to become, so therefore embryos are human. As part of my dissertation, I am analysing peoples ideas with regards to this, and I am desperately in need of volunteers to fill in a QUICK questionnaire about this. So, if you can very kindly spare a couple of minutes of your precious lives, please email me on stem.cells07@googlemail.com and I will send you a copy to fill out. I thank all you kind folks in advanced (do i sound patronising?? not intended : ))

Hi all, God has created human beings in complex and complicated ways that It is difficult to imagine anything like it. If i am not mistaken, hair and skin of humans are tertiary proteins. They are insoluble so they dont dissolve in water when we go for a swin or take a bath. I want to ask why is this! My take on this is that it has a coiled structure and from the inside are the intermolecular forces, hydrogen bonding, disulphide bonds and others. From the outside there are no hydrogen bonds which is why its insoluble. Why do you people think!

http://www.vume.com/photos/view/103016/

Hi i was refered to this site by my friend http://www.gl-science.com/biology.htm He told me it was a good palce to get A level biology info, Im studying up to A level in yr 12 at the moment, and im preparing for my exams, Are the articles accurate becuase i cant tell whethere the site is legit thank you

What was the earliest flying animal (inc. insects)? I don’t mean one like a microbe that is blown around by the wind, but one that had at least gliding control.

"The benefits of 'friendly' bacteria are well known --but now scientists have found some are liars and cheats. New ...research shows bacteria deceive others for their own benefit but will co-operate for the good of their family. Edinburgh and Nottingham Universities have found bacteria can cheat their way out of responsibility and avoid contributing to group efforts ...while saving their own resources and benefiting from the efforts of the group. But the research, in the journal Nature, shows that bacteria, like animals, tend not to cheat ...[their] relatives. This is believed to be because co-operation with kin helps to promote the family DNA. Scientists believe the …

Hi I am doing biology investigation on the effect of face wash on bactera. I will form bacteria from milk and will use methylene blue indicator with colorimetry. I know what i am supposed to do but I odnt actually understand how to carry out the practical. I am using spearmanns rank. I would appreciate some guidance on this as soon as possible - my practicals beging tommorow! Thanks

In developed countries, the sick, poor, and disabled are taken care by means of the great excess those nations have at their disposal. The poor or sick may or may not lead happy or fruitful lives, but their survival is not at stake in any significant manner. Success in a developed countries is defined by material belongings, academic achievement, and emotional factors such as happiness, satisfaction, and contentment. These do not drive natural selection. In fact, those that devote their time to material or academic success have less time to raise a family as those that focus on a "social life" or "family life" and do not pursue a high status. So, in one se…

hello can anyone suggest articles about forest fruits and their fructification process for example depending local climaterical issues or air and soil pollution.appologies my poor english.allot of thanx.

As I am interested in evolution I of course have come into contact with concepts like phylogeny and how such is determined. Looking at all the variance to methods of observation for instance in this I noticed of course that a disease vector more or less is a description on how a population of organisms propagate or move in the ecology they occupy. Now obviously giving adaptation items like locomotion or motility by organisms is something studied, but in the context of behavioral ecology what are the ramifications of such? Not only this but does movement itself denote a fine area of study for issues like phylogenics? For instance can only a certain bauplan conduct a ce…

Science is observation. Philosophy is understanding (what observation means). Or alternately, leave Philosophy out of the equation and say Science is application of a method (of observation), which attempts to acquire or collect objective information (which isn't coloured by any thinking --except about 'how' to collect the 'wanted' data). Objective observation is the key to the desired accuracy of any measurement. The noise in any channel must be minimised, if possible, or at least understood, in which case information amongst the background yields to certain arcane "tricks with numbers", and patterns appear. Understanding the nature of the channel, or informatio…

To get the ball rolling, I'll post stuff from another forum where a bunch of other dudes has tried to figure this out. I got into a stoush with someone who appears to be stuck on the idea that we can't say it's even meaningful, and is no use in any definition (even though he then seems to be quite happy to use purposeful behaviour as a distinctive, and observable phenomenon). I can't figure out why he can't see what the problem is with the approach he is using, so maybe some bright spark can shed a bit of light: