Medical Science

I'm having difficulty understanding the rise in glucose starting about 30 minutes after a meal that occurs in type 1 diabetics. Obviously enough, they lack insulin to cope with postprandial glucose. However, everything I read seems to indicate that gastric emptying for a typical meal in anyone doesn't start until about an hour after the meal, reaches 50% about 2-3 hours afterwards, and isn't finished until 4-5 afterwards. Even ignoring that type 1s might exhibit gastroparesis which would slow down emptying even more, it seems contrary to what a typical graphs show for type 1 postprandial glucose concentrations. I thought initially it was because the studies were just …

If during surgery, a small portion of an organ -say liver- is severed-off and a minute later is placed back nearly as it was but not perfectly aligned to its original position; will it re-attach and function, heal and work properly or the portion will die/rot/cause trouble ?

Does more bodyweight affect it and, if so, what is the mechanism by which it raises it? Can drugs like antidepressants raise it and, if so, how?

Hello everyone For my paper this year, consider a 2x2-table with following information: 37 premature babies needed postnatal ventilation. 168 didn't. 145 babies born at term needed postnatal ventilation. 2 819 didn't. A Chi²-test conform Pearson (SPSS) has indicated a significant difference in the distribution of the need for ventilation in both subsamples (at term v. premature). Is it more interesting to report an odds ratio of 4.28, or to report a frequency of 18.05 % in premature babies v. a frequency of 4.89 % in babies born at term? Thanks! F

Hello everyone Again for my paper, I was wondering for a specific variable, if it would be more interesting to report mean or median: The duration of pregnancy is not distributed conform the Gauss normal distribution (significant Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, p < 0.001). When comparing the durations between 2 sample sizes (they do differ significantly when it comes to pregnancy duration, p = 0.002), is it then more interesting to mention mean (SD) or median duration? So do I say the mean or median durations do significantly differ? Or doesn't this matter? Another problem: apgar score measured at 1 minute v. at 5 minutes postnatal: they are both ordinal var…

Does anybody know the difference and the pros and cons between the two treatments? My 18 year-old cousin has a big acne problem and the post-acne scars which has made him go through a variety of treatments and medicine, some at the dermatologists and some at home using stuff from indigenous knowledge recommended by people with the same experience. Lately he's been going to a dermatologist who's been giving him the laser treatment. He's done it twice but now notice that it's getting too expensive each time. He once used to go to a dermatologist who gave him the Iontophoresis (using electric current and vitamins) which was a lot more economical but he stopped it to try some…

A randomized, double-blind, crossover study of the effects of long-term treatment with Salmeterol on asthma control was carried out (Wilding P et al. BMJ 1997; 314: 1441-1446). 101 subjects with mild or moderate asthma taking at least 200 micrograms twice daily of beclomethasone dipropionate or buclesonide were included. Patients continued to take this medication but were randomized to receive additionally either Salmeterol 50 micrograms twice daily or placebo for a six month period, with a one month washout between the two. The primary outcomes of the trial were a reduction in inhaled steroid use, exacerbations of asthma and the use of oral steroids. Select all of the fo…

Hello all! After seeing multiple doctors over 3 years, I was finally diagnosed with both Fibromyalgia and Peripheral Neuropathy. It has been nearly 5 more years and I now am completely unable to work. Despite the multiple meds, I am still in terrible pain and have no energy. It is a miracle when I am occasionally able to do housework or grocery shop. Most days I find that I don't have much of an appetite and I know that I'm not getting the vitamins and minerals that may help me feel a little better. I don't want to waste time and money on ones that I don't need or that are not metabolized correctly. Anyone out there that can help me?? Thanks in advance!!

​Potentially circadian medicine offers a holistic way of bringing together a number of symptoms that may on first sight seem unrelated. Disruptions in circadian systems can negatively affect sleep quality, alertness, cognitive performance, motor control, metabolism, etc. Increasingly it is being recognised that this approach can be applied to specific learning difficulties. A growing body of research has identified significant sleep problems in children with autism. Disturbed sleep–wake patterns and abnormal hormone profiles in children with autism suggest an underlying impairment of the circadian timing system. G Glickman 2010. Z Yang 2015 Sylvie Tordjman (et …

Hello, This is my first post on this thread, and I thought I'd make my first post about something personal to me, and just throw a around a few ideas. I am aiming to go into Immunology when I complete school, and this is what I would like to do research in. I've had diabetes for almost twenty years, I was born with it, and during the years I was coherent I have noticed a troubling trend. Possible 'cures' show up and disappear like wildfire. Many of these cures that show up target the beta cells, and how to replace them. While this would be a logical solution, Type 1 Diabetes is an Auto-Immune disease, meaning the body attacked these cells originally and destr…

Hello The unit for permeability is 1x10-6 cm per s. This is a kind of velocity? So can you interpret is as the velocity of the drug by which it goes through a lipophilic membrane?

I need help grabbing control of this situation; It has gotten way out of hand at this point. No doctor in my life will talk to me and the new ones i get a hold of will not take this seriously. I had a rare autonomic disorder for two years. It was very unique in this world. With this disorder i suffered from seizures daily almost every moment of every day and almost died at a point. It was never fun for me at all. It is gone now and left its mark with some unique brain damage. There is only one answer in the world to why i was suffering the way i was. Now, no doctor will listen in my life after i am better. I really need to grab onto this situation and grab control my craz…

Hi everyone. I'm currently pursuing a career in these areas since I find it fascinating and there seems to be a good degree of overlap between them. I'm almost positive I will like the work because I've been doing lab work as part of my education. What I'm curious to know is if any of you have any insights or suggestions you would like to give your younger self? Maybe a source of cheap trade magazines or online resources. Do any of you currently work in these fields? How do you feel about what you do? Thanks

I don't wish to underestimate the impact that Mesothelioma has on those who have worked with Asbestos, but I'm curious from a scientific point of view as to why it has affected so few people. I know generally reports are shocked by the large number of people affected, but given that Asbestos was pretty much ubiquitous for nearly 40 years, is present in almost every home and public building, and has no lower threshold of carcinogenesis, I'm more surprised at the low number of people who actually end up with the disease. Even among workers exposed to huge doses for 30 years, the rate of Mesothelioma is about 1 in 10. What is that is protecting the 9 out of every ten workers…

Hi ; I have (pre)submitted my project's abstract (only abstract) to NPG- Nature Methods journal and it has been replied (assessed). I will write the report there without giving title and My name- surname. but actually I could not be sure that which one was the actual reason for being inappropriate (probable reasons that I think will be given at last ) I see two reasons but cannot be sure which one was the actual reason , it seems like their reply contains a contradiction. because I already think that my project should be especially very very suitable for lboratory studies.. but when we look the decision text ,it seems like a contradiction. this journal's IF&gt…

I am 15, 140 lbs, 5'3, I really want to get taller, I'm pretty sure there is no way at all unless i undergo leg lengthing surgery to get to 6', my mom is 4'9" and dad 5'5", recently I've been exercising and working out at home since I can't hit the gym. Will that help me out at all? Literally willing to do anything, anything at all.

Lot of people seem to talk about Sedentary lifestyle, junk food and candy today as gateway to cause of some disease or illness and such we have today. Like Sedentary lifestyle, junk food and candy where you more likely to get diabetes!! This got me thinking why there been no research or studies on meal servings or glucose level. This got me thinking why some junk food and candy may be bad for you!!!!!!! Yes If it cause glucose spikes and crash. A normally healthy person should not cause hypoglycemia from not eating for some time and than sugar spike like having candy. But the body may be overworking trying deal with and stop hypoglycemia and sugar spike and over t…

Generally, EMT, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transitionchanism is thought to be involved in the mechanism in which cancer cells metastasize in the early stage. EMT is an process in which epithelial cells depolarize and lose their cell-to-cell contacts, and gain mesenchymal morphology. The mesenchymal cells is capable of reaching distant sites through blood vessels. So, EMT is thought to a necessary mechanism for metastasis. However, I found a surprising report from Nature Article indicating that EMT isn't required for metastasis. Kari R. Fischer et al., 2015,Nature. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4662610/ They established an EMT lineage-tracing system …

Hello there, I have a question for you I hope you can answer. There are enzyme supplements with DPP IV that are being used by children on the autism spectrum. Some of these children present with autoimmune conditions that are mediated by TH17 cells. Would supplementing DPP IV put these children at risk for a worsening of their autoimmune symptoms?

BLOOD FILMS;when blood is read and said to be normocytic and normochromic RBC,pls,what dose its implies?

hi ; unfortunately my journal which I have been contacting for publishing a paper ,announced it too late. (of course this might not be their responsible ,but I mean that I have already learnt by them. related links are 1) https://proposalcentral.altum.com/docs/termsofservice.pdf 2) https://proposalcentral.altum.com/register.asp hereby I would inform, I would like to join such programmes but unfortunately it has been too late to apply this one (today is deadline (15th july) the time now in turkey is: 21.33 ) I request from other scientists to share some useful instructions, if they already applied this programme ,or if they have information relevant such program…

I am 18 years old and about to end my puberty but I am only around 167~170cm tall and I weigh 47kg. I know it isn't my potential height. People said that if you were malnourished, you won't be able to reach your full potential height Do you think I am malnourished? And if I gain weight, will my height be increased? I am so nervous because my height is considered short. Everyone at my age seemed to reach at least 175cm tall. Please give me some advice

hi, I have written abstract of my interdisciplinary project and it had been sent. really although I do not know all the requirements to take patent for that journal, it is clear that this is scientific project and I already expressed in abstract that the intention of project would be taking better results than in process. I need & request these question's answer below ; -->> how many times the device (which is being used in treatment of cancer at radioteraphy part) , can be opened-closed/reopened ?? ( give please numeric answer as per second or per minute.-->> this question is highly important!!..) -->> how much does it take a total tim…

--->> NOTE : this thread contain only asking guidance with giving supplement of defining personal skills. I have been studying for scientific projects for a a half of years. my the first project is almost ready. I am trying to take patent. I am mathematician.I think it would/may be probable/possible to solve such catastrophic diseases (such as :cancer,tetanus ,smallpox, ..etc) via supporting their treatments with cryptologic studies. but realy I am unsure whether it would be well worth or not ,here are my logical reasons to say this; *** currently I am MSc student at mathematics. but I have break for a while (quitted) and I do not want to continue. I am s…

Sometimes an antigen will bind to surface antibodies on the B cell, but it will not activate the B cell..why?