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General Philosophy

General philosophical discussions.

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Participation in the philosophy and religion forums on SFN is considered a privilege. To maintain a reasonable standard of debate, certain rules must be established. Members who violate these rules despite warnings from staff will no longer be allowed to participate in the religion forums.

Philosophy/religion forum rules:

  1. Never make it personal.
    1. Disagreements about beliefs should never be in the form of attacks on the believers. This isn't a place to air grievances. Civility and respect towards other members are needed here even more than elsewhere on SFN, even when you disagree.
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Of course, the general SFN forum rules also apply. If a member consistently violates the general rules in the religion forum (for example, by being consistently off-topic), their access to the religion forum may be revoked.

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  1. After consulting with humanity's newest friend, ChatGPT, I now have a newfound perspective on the way forward. My perspective can be summed up in the phrases from dark comes light, from one understand all, and from faith, there is progress. I feel these phrases are quite beautiful and pack tons of meaning into them but before you notice anything else, I would like you to notice how it seems to flow in a progressive way. First, there is light, then one became all and everything within it kept becoming more and more complex, then humans arrived, and we started with faith and now we have progress. The phrases line up in a progressive way and I'm here to tell you that it is a…

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  2. Started by Adhanom Andemicael,

    Consciousness Always Exists Part I: Let us consider the following statements: A. No situation exists. B. Statement A is true. C. A situation exists in which statement B is true. D. A situation exists.(1) E. Consciousness exists. F. Statement A can never be true. *** I claim that statement F is true. *** Proof: If A is true, B is true. If B is true, C is true.(2) If C is true, D is true. If D is true, A is false. Therefore, if A is true, A is false! (Contradiction!) Clearly, A can never be true.(3) Since A can never be true, it follows that F is true. *** If A is never true, A is a…

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  3. “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Never give up work. Work gives you meaning and purpose and life is empty without it. If you think i am wrong than deeply sorry.

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  4. I'm working on an independent research of social technology “civilisation efficiency index” and “index of a civilisation’s development”. Interesting to hear opinions on the issues: - What can/should be present in this index? (ex. integration of the algorithm which is making it difficult for politicians to use the “demagogy of pessimism” (regulatory function in relation to accessibility heuristics) or finally start teaching quantum physics from the first grade of primary school) -How do you see the algorithm for the Index? General recommendations. Proceed on the basis of the following assumptions Main aim is not only to create and calculate the Civilisat…

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  5. Started by Brainee,

    What is reductionism?

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  6. Started by kidaskingquestion,

    To me, First is survival. Secondly do something good for your inner soul and for others Third is to contribute in human race running. And finaly die. What others think about it?

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  7. Dedication : To the soul of Abdel Rahman Badawi (1917 - 2002) , the late Egyptian philosopher who was a major reason for the interest and reading of many people in the Arab world for Western and Eastern philosophies. Preface : To whom it may concern , I present this simplified English translation of the essay "The Last Messiah" to all the lovers of Philosophy and Anthropology around the world , especially to the speakers of English as a second language. When I was completing this translation , I took into account that I must simplify - as possible - all the words and expressions that some may find ambiguous or might be misunderstood , and I did that - as possi…

  8. Started by cpu68,

    1. diagram. Logistic development Logistic development (see diagram and for example my text Sociological theory) can explain a difference between a qualitative change and quantitative change. It shows that each kind of so called qualitative change, like for example liquefaction of gas, is just some form of quantitative change. Marxists are using conception of change where quantitative changes transform to qualitative change. But this idea is containing fundamental mistake that there is a difference between qualitative and quantitative change. What I would like to emphasize is each so called qualitative change, for example the transition of water into ic…

  9. Started by dimreepr,

    The obvious answer might be, something like, my continued existence or winning something over other's. The other obvious answer might be, something like, my continued validity in the eyes of other's. So the answer is clearly on spectrum between the two; which further focuses the question to: what's the minimum level of success, acceptable too both?

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  10. Started by Saber,

    Some of you may know Rumi......the Iranian poet........from * im Iranian my self he lived in the 13th century...... reading some of his poems i saw he states that the planets are 9 .......i have read 2 of his poems that in them he clearly indicates them being 9 .... But the planets have been discovered only up to Saturn ( the 6th ) .....@ that time............those two poems i read made me wonder how he new about them being 9 We had another philosopher called Azziz Al din nassaifi who was not a poet but he wrote books..............and he also lived in the 1…

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  11. Started by JohnPBailey,

    I believe in reincarnation. Forever is much too long to experience but one short terminal infinitesimally small conscious existence in the vast sea of everything, known and unknown. My eternal and immortal soul cannot be made nor destroyed much like space, space-time, gravity, energy, time and matter. In 1964, this soul that is the ever me found a new living male human body to posssess. This occured on planet Earth in the Milky Way galaxy. Mother Nature and Father TIme have already been in existence forever like my own soul. Time extends infinitely into the past as it does the future. I have forever yet to come. I'm very disappointed in Mother Nature and Father Time. The…

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  12. Started by JacobNewton,

    Where are we headed? To answer this question, its important to consider the obvious facts: history revolves in circles. The cosmic equation, if there were one, is inclined to go round and round like a merrygoround. In other words, what has happened before must happen again and again and again. Come now, it is surely not a far fetched supposition, that, swansont etc. Does the bee not buzz repetitively? Do humans not reproduce, and die, then live, and die again in that order, eternally? 'Course they do. And that manifestation of cyclic rebirth and death, of a myriad forms of existence, is surely a big player in the question of 'where is the univer…

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  13. Started by JacobNewton,

    Where are we headed? To answer this question, its important to consider the obvious facts: history revolves in circles. The cosmic equation, if there were one, is inclined to go round and round like a merrygoround. In other words, what has happened before must happen again and again and again. Does the bee not buzz repetitively? Do humans not reproduce, and die, then live, and die again in that order, eternally? 'Course they do. And that manifestation of cyclic rebirth and death, of a myriad forms of existence, is surely a big player in the question of 'where is the universe headed?' I reckon we've been going round and round like that merry go ro…

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  14. Hi team, Really struggling with this - even though it seems like it should be obvious. Constructive Dilemma: I can't tell if the "p or q" should be exclusive (so either p or q) or if it is actually inclusive. I suspect it is an inclusive disjunction: The main point of uncertainty is while I have just shown an example with constructive dilemma where I used inclusive disjunctions, I am not sure if whether the conclusion might create problems in the larger scheme of things. Logical arguments can obviously be a string of different rules of inference and as I learn more I am wondering I will learn a rule of inference that connects to the construc…

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  15. Hi everyone. So I understand deduction to be any argument where the conclusion is certain to follow from the premises assuming those premises are true. With induction, the conclusion is only likely if the premises are true. But I have noticed that in some academic circles, specifically related to criminology/criminal profiling that people seem to think things like: 1. "Induction is reasoning from the specific to the general" 2. "Induction is when a conclusion is made using generalisations and probability" (those are types of induction, but not the only kind). 3. "Deduction is drawing conclusions from the physical evidence" (What?!?!?!?!?) 4.…

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  16. I'm really confused by why inclusive disjunctive can also include both parts being true. I have been googling explanation and reading books on it but to be honest the explanations don't make a lot of sense to me - it is almost like they assert something that seems obviously wrong and then move on. How can it be that when I say "you are either good at hockey or bad at hockey" that it could also be that I am both good and bad at the same time? What if someone likes dogs so I use the addition rule of inference and reason: Greg likes dogs. Therefore either Greg likes dogs or he likes cats. Even though it may be that Greg likes both cats and dogs, I know th…

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  17. Hi team, It is common for a hypothesis to be described as an "explanation" for something or an event. But in statistics we use: Null hypothesis: Population characteristic = observed characteristic. Alternate hypothesis 1: Population characteristic [greater than] observed characteristic. Alternate hypothesis 2: Population characteristic [less than] observed characteristic. Alternate hypothesis 3: Population characteristic [not equal to] observed characteristic. A statistic study is conducted in order to obtain evidence/proof for an alternate hypothesis. If enough evidence/proof is found is support of an alternate hypothesis then the null hy…

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  18. Those religious because these believe. Those political because these believe. Those scientific because these believe. Therefore, these believe, what? These believe those more. To believe those more, these must say. When these say, those not more. Therefore, those not serious. Until these not believe, ache. Until these not believe, scream. Until these not believe, bleed. Therefore, these not believe, when?

  19. I studied logic many years ago and I don't recall learning anything related to arguments from signs. My recollection is just that there was a chapter in a book that listed the different types of inductive arguments (generalisations, probability, analogies, signs etc etc). There were techniques/methods for making different types of arguments but I don't recall there being anything about arguments from signs. Any suggestions? Or is the only thing you can do with an argument based on signs is to simply identify it as such an argument and then move on.

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  20. Hi team, So the addition rule of implication is as follows: P therefore either P or Q. Apparently, this is a logical implication because if you know P to be true then the overall statement "either P or Q" will always be true. However, what if it was actually P and Q? As an example: I like cats (P). The addition rule of implication says that the following proposition must be true: Either I like cats(P) or I like dogs(q). But I actually like cats(P) and dogs (q). Doesn't that mean the rule can lead to errors?

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  21. Time, Consciousness, and Unconsciousness Part I: Let us consider the following statement: S1: Unconsciousness can persist for at most zero seconds. I suggest that this statement is true. *** Argument: Let us suppose the following: - O_A is a conscious observer that exists in spacetime. - O_A is the only conscious observer that exists in spacetime. - m1 is the moment "1:00 pm, Jan. 1, 2000." - m2 is the moment "2:00 pm, Jan. 1, 2000." - O_A ceases to be conscious at the moment m1. - O_A does not regain consciousness until the moment m2. - The time dimension of spacetime does not pass. - When O_A is u…

  22. - Introduction The reason for this thread is to bring up a possible discussion about the premise behind the 'Theory of Everything' journey presumed to be undertook by some people and possibly make refinements (e.g. ascertain, articulation, and clarification) with it for ranging from layman to technical and / or vice versa. The 'Theory of Everything' has to be objective-oriented or at least try to be approximately close to that, to be fair and make an inclusion of considerations for different and major but otherwise simplified categories of existence or reality; unbiased spirit, mind, and physical aspect and transition or interaction between these. There surely a…

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  23. In the previous article "BIO-DEATH EXPERIMENT - THE LIFE DARKNED HORIZON" it is noted that the diagnosis of death does not come with univocal, but variable criteria for ascertainment based on a society’s law, as well as the presence of cases of resurrection documented in the literature frequently occurred within the medically "reversible" marked temporal range and therefore not of absolute death. This assumption led me to the introduction of a scientific experiment called ADC (advanced-death-checker) with the aim to observe the evolution of a body that died for an indefinite time during the entire biological decomposition process by a remote monitoring system to the param…

  24. The book "The Mars 360 Religious and Social System" lays out a greater justification for belief in its doctrine than any other holy book in history. It takes astrology and turns it into a matter of life or death and has faith inducing mechanisms that could turn it into the next major religious system. This new religious system is equpped with a god, a currency, and a new morality that could replace Christianity, Islam & Judaism In Volume I, the book uses statistics and accurate prediction of actual events to confirm its doctrine, making it irrational to disbelieve. Just imagine, a religion in which--by all statistical standards--it's considered irrational t…

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  25. The file is attached. Proof of Axioms of Propositional Logic wo name.pdf

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