Quantum Theory

In quantum wave particle duality what is need to make the wave turn to a particle. I understand that observation alone will turn the wave to a particle but what is the magnesium in observation that makes it turn. Is it just the fact that another particle is present or what?

According to M.D.Fayer's Absolutely Small, Molecular Bonding Orbitals, in diatoms, form from the spatially symmetric (in-phase) -- and, hence, spin anti-symmetric -- addition, of the originally individual atoms' valence electron orbitals. Now, when the diatomic molecule has formed, therefore, the electrons will be "phase-locked", fully in-phase. Yet, presumably, the individual atoms entered the interaction with random, and completely uncorrelated, "phase offsets". Does this imply, that those phase differences, manifest themselves, initially, in the formation, by the valence electrons, of a super-position state, of some Bonding Orbital (BO) + some Anti-Bonding…

i have finished reading introduction to quantum mechanics by David griffiths and solved all of the problems so what book do you suggest to me next ?

I know this probably seems a weird comparison and I am new to the subject of Quantum Foam having only read about it in a book called the elegant universe. But I couldn't help it I was instantly reminded of velcro. So I began to think would it be possible at some point in time to make the counter part the other velcro side that could bind to this quantum foam and pull something along. Since quantum foam is every where we could use this effect to pull a load along any route! I apologise if this idea isn't very clear i am new to this having only posted once before on here. I look forward to any info or comments people have I am not looking to go into the maths of if this wi…

Two surfaces, in intimate contact, for 'prolonged' periods, become "cold welded", as electrons from each surface, bond to the other. Is this a manifestation of Quantum Tunneling effects ? If two perfect crystalline lattices were brought together, with perfectly smooth faces, would they "meld together", into a single block ??

According to the book Biocentrism (pp. 78ff), by Robert Lanza, by means of a continuous beam of Quantum Entangled, separated photons (emerging from a BBO crystal), the presence or absence of Interference Fringes, observed on one side of the set-up, can be instantaneously determined, by inserting / withdrawing a scrambler, from the beam on the second side of the set-up. In essence, the person on the second side plays "handsies in front of the projector screen" with their half of the split beam. Assuming that (1) such a split beam was sent to two remote locations (S & P) conventionally, at the speed of light; and, (2) that said split beam was continuously maintained, …

C.A.Bertulani's Nuclear Physics in a Nutshell (pg. 24) quotes the following formula for Vacuum Polarization in QED: [math]e^2® = \frac{e^2(r_0)}{1 + \frac{2 e^2(r_0)}{3 \pi} ln \frac{r}{r_0}}[/math] What is the electron radius r0 ?

Please ponder the Bonding & Anti-Bonding Molecular Orbitals of molecular Hydrogen, arising from the spatial overlap, of the individual atomic Hydrogen 1s orbitals: So, certainly simplistically, please ponder the following (thought) experiment: ionize isolated neutral molecular Hydrogen (4.5 eV) to create singly-ionized H2+ in B-MO bond length increases from [math]0.74 \rightarrow 1.06 \AA[/math] since Dissociation Energy of H2+ is 2.6 eV, excite the lone electron with ~5.2 eV photon, to boost it into the AB-MO Hydrogen nuclei now repel apart, each carrying half of the electron AB-MO wave function attract dissociating "H+1/2" fragments towards a charged…

From what I've read, the Higgs Boson particle is the last particle of the standard model to be discovered. My question is: What does the Higgs Boson do, and what is its significance to the standard model? Thanks.

The Klein-Gordon wave equation is the logical, Relativistic, extrapolation of the Schrodinger wave equation, from applying the standard Quantum Mechanical operator ansatz [math]( \hat{E} \rightarrow i \hbar \partial_t, \; \hat{p} \rightarrow - i \hbar \partial_x)[/math], to Einstein's mass-energy relation, [math]E^2 = (m c^2)^2 + (c p)^2[/math]. The KGWE, like the Dirac Equation, predicts the presence of antimatter: The antimatter prediction may not have been realized at first (before Dirac): Now, a previous version of the Wikipedia article said, that probabilities, in the KGWE, dip below zero, near where the wave function encounters relativistic potentials (…

I am working on a theory to use magnesium in a vacuum to increase the particle speed of a pulse laser. My equation does not confirm that a vortex is stable in a vacuum. My thoughts are that the laser will collectively stabilize the loose partials to focus them at the pinical of the vortex. Has anyone done any work with this. This is just theory at present and I am trying to prove the equation before I set up the lab test. Here is where I am at (w_b>>w_r)+Mg2=YBa2Cu3O7-δ

Posted this here because I was thinking light is a quanta of energy, was wondering if I should've posted it in classical physics. I've heard that every spectra of the EM spectrum (radio waves/microwaves/visible light/infrared,etc) has a certain wavelength, but I'm just curious about the research that led to this. This has been experimentally verified correct? What is the experiment you do to show this? And, each of the spectra on the EM spectrum, all them is a form of electro-magnetic radiation, and electric and magnetic fields are at right angles to each other, is there an experiment to show this too?

So, I sort of jumped the gun when I started reading up on closed timelike curves (CTC), and while I think I understand the concept, I was wondering if anyone could give me a sort of crash course on CTC. I found a good number of papers about it from just this year, and I know that Hawking mentioned it before, but a lot of it just went over my head. Thank you all for your help in advance. Also, here are some of the papers that I had downloaded. Maybe someone can read one and give me a simplified version of it. Closed timelike curves via post-selection - theory and experimental demonstartion.pdf Revisiting consistency conditions for quantum states of systems…

If quantum mechanical "measurement" represents an irreversible alteration, to the Wave Function, of a quantum system (causing its "collapse" into a singular state)... then doesn't QM measurement resemble Entropy, which irreversibly increases with time? What other physical processes, or quantities, are also "irreversible" ?? (Thanks in advance)

According to The Teaching Company [Great Courses] Impossible: Physics beyond the Edge (lecture 21), the Quantum No-Cloning Theorem denies the possibility of "perfect" copying of quantum states. So, what is the "best" quantum copying which can be created ? Could you "quasi-clone" a quantum system with, say, 90% fidelity ?

Hello, First, just so you understand my level of physics knowledge, I am what you might call a layperson. I have a question or two about the absorption of light by materials (solid state). First, it my understanding that the light absorbed by solid lattices is due to interactions allowed by the lattice. Typically there is a particular wavelenth that will come back from the lattice, and cause what we normally would say is the color of the object(a red apple, blue shirt, orange street cone, etc). My concern is with the behavior of that wavelength (that is reflected) as it interacts with the object. -Does the wave simply bounce off of the object, as …

Recently, scientists have succeeded in performing quantum teleportation on individual atoms (at the University of Maryland). According to Michio Kaku and Anton Zeilinger, we'll be able to do the same to complex molecules, and perhaps even viruses, in a few decades. Could the same thing eventually be done on human beings? Now I know the common response is that there's too much information or that it will take too long. But couldn't there be a shortcut we haven't discovered yet? Some scientific discovery or technological advancement? Couldn't superintelligent AI help get it done? Could someone help quantify what exactly would need to be done? For example, how many …

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v466/n7303/full/466195a.html If you don't have a Nature account here is a io9 article. http://io9.com/5581945/protons-are-smaller-than-we-thoughtcould-the-entire-universe-be-wrong

Does the event horizon survive an evaporated black hole? I couldn't decide if the question should be can, could, or does. Since the answer must be definitive, does, is the proper connotation. For 30 years, Stephen Hawking thought that the uncertainty principle allowed particles to, for short bursts, accelerate beyond light speed, thereby giving them the ability to escape the gravity of a black hole. Well, Sorry Gene Roddenberry, but the mythical tachyon particle just doesn't exist. The theory now is that the information for any particle passing through the event horizon is converted to light and then reassembled outside the black hole, in or around the event ho…

I'm a chemist with an interest in Mossbauer spectroscopy. I was wondering if any of you physics guys can help me understand the origin of the Mossbauer effect. I've had difficulty finding good resources on this topic. I understand it involves atoms heavier than K absorbing gamma photons which in turn causes them to emit a whole number of phonons... I don't understand: What makes some Mossbauer events happen without recoil energy loss? Is there a nuclear spin requirement for a nuclei to be Mossbauer active as is the case with NMR active nuclei? Why are no nuclei lighter than potassium Mossbauer active? This isn't homework, just curious.

Is spin just a substitute for an unknowable quality in elementary particles? I just assume color is. How is spin possible in something fundamental. Are there actual surface features on or around a particle that literally rotate around it?

ha ha he he!!!!!! http://www.subatomicparticles.com/

I was told recently that there is no photon mass renormalization. It brings up an interesting question: what is then renormalized in photon? Which of photon features? (What is wrong in the bare photon that needs redefining?)

the 3d harmonic oscillator potential is super spherically symmetric what does it means. Wikipedia didn't help me so much.

B=B[math]_{0}[/math]cos([math]\omega[/math]t)k an electron is at rest in an oscillating field bo and omega is constant and k is operator for z how to construct the Hamiltonian matrix ? Merged post follows: Consecutive posts mergedi tougth H=-b0[math]\gamma[/math]h/2[math]\sigma[/math][math]_{z}[/math]