Astronomy and Cosmology

So I would like to know, what would it mean for classical physics and heat death, in an exponentially increasing space, with regards to the quantum vacuum? Would the probability of virtual particles becoming "real" increase (since the volume of space increases), as the work being able to be provided by real particles decreases? Also as an aside. Are event horizons created by Hubble volumes, where information cannot be exchanged between points in space time due to them receeding away from each other faster than the speed of light, the same as those created by gravity in a black hole? If so, would that mean one Hubble volume could evaporate via Hawking radiation into ano…

If there are only two objects. One is the observer and one is that being observed, is there space and time? Space-Time is one thing right, so one requires the other. If there are only two objects and nothing for the observer to observe the 2nd object moving relative to how can there be any time? If there is no time, how can there be any space? If there is no space how can there be two objects? _______________________________________ Does space time require 3 dimensions to exist first? Also sorry for the barrage of questions. I think each deserves a sepeate topic.

From what I understand from Einstein's relativity, time is eternal and all moments pre-exist. Alright, so, my next question is what allows all this peristence? I think if someone makes the "nothing is really there" argument, then there is nothing. However, at all moments in time, there is matter (Yes, it could be argued this is an assumption, as the understanding of matter may change). As such, there is something existing, regardless of energies balancing out to be zero. So, my question is what enables all of this to persist. I guess in another way, I'm asking "Why hasn't the block universe broke down due to entropy?" It's as though the universe is a 4-dimensi…

Does it make any sense to look at time from non-beginning to non-end in a fractal sense, if we model it mathematically?

Space being what it is, can we then extrapolate that theoretical Dark Matter has as a quality of Cold tempeture. If so, then can we hypothesize that the interacting of some form of heat/energy and cold tempeture is the birth for matter.?

1. Entropy always increases. 2. The universe began as a singularity. 3. Entropy is at a minimum where energy is in its most highly ordered form. 4. Energy is in its most highly ordered form in a singularity. 5. The universe we observe is currently expanding at an increasing rate. 6. This expansion eventually leads to a big rip. 7. After the big rip the universe is also in a state of heat death (maximum entropy). 8. This creates a vast number of systems seperated via their hubble volumes, each within their own event horizons and at minimum entropy. This is where there is a paradox, from the observing particle, within its own event horizon, it is in its most highly…

Hi All, I understand the mathmatical and geometric principles involved in calculating the distance to the nearest stars using Parallax. However, all the examples I can find use a star that is conveniently 90 degress from the earth-sun-earth line - obviously to provide the basis for right angle triangle calculations. What I don't understand is how this method would be used for example when you look up into the night sky say in the summer and a star is to the right of the perpendicular and then when you look up again at the same star 6 months later (on the other side of the sun) and the star has moved but is still to the right of perpendicular - how could Parall…

Maybe, gravity between material bodies to try to explain the difference of pressures generated by the flow of all partticles, including particles vacuum, as under the action of the law Bernoulli, our Sun is a massive ball of gas, in General its rotation is higher than in thesurrounding bodies,the speed of the particle flux is highest in the surrounding area, because the closer to the Sun, the more gravity so forth, their rotation of the Central Black hole creates greater pressure difference and therefore greater gravity

Renowned Astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson made a speech on having a different perspective of the universe and looking beyond our own inflated egos. The video was posted on the Big Think channel on youtube. I found it very enlightening and made a more cinematic version of that speech.. Here is the video.

As most of you know, the Fermi paradox is the tension between the predicted abundance of life in the universe and that none of it has contacted us. Space is big. It's really big. It's no surprise that they haven't visited us in person, but what about radio? We have radios. Surely some of them have radios. Yet we listen (to a small frequency band in an amazingly small section of sky) and hear no one. I wonder, even if they are sending signals, why should we expect to hear them? Let's assume, for a moment, that we're not near a sun. We'll neglect all radiation other than our signal. [math]{P_r}={G_t}{G_r}(\frac{\lambda}{4{\pi}R})^2{P_t}[/math] With …

I came across books and magazines showing that supernovas aren`t happened in spherical motion, which means the heat and light aren`t detected in an equally spherical shape but there are some distorted areas. Why can this happen?

Can someone put into layman's terms exactly how the magnetic field protects us from "bombarding cosmic radiation"? Exactly what does it act upon and (I'm guessing) turn back from Earth? The magnetic part of the electromagnetic force remains a dark spot in my understanding and I suspect part of the answer is here. Only a small part, I fear. I came up with this question while reading: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/06/140620115751.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Ftop_news%2Ftop_science+(ScienceDaily%3A+Top+Science+News) Thank you.

Presumably , the input of vast quantities of joules of energy at the big bang ,had the effect of making Potential energy at an extremely high level in various forms (Mass and Charge) to collapse as kinetic energy toward a ground state of potential energy , in the form of heat held yet diminishing in temperature as the expansion occurred.? mike.

Good evening, I have been pondering a subject very near and dear to my mind for a very long time-- Did the big bang keep banging after it banged, or did it contract? It must have gone somewhere, I mean, matter cannot be created or destroyed, so did it become a black hole? A psychic ball of energy? I strongly suggest that through my experiments with use of ion cannons (which i can shoot and diffuse mid air to make black holes off the back porch of my laboratory under Murmansk Fjord ), after it quit banging items into existence, it simply released a few extra ions, cranked up a black hole, and then it vacuumed itself into its own portal of an endless abyss. Sincerely your…

As a result of recent events, one hears a great deal about solar flares - their attributes, and so forth. However, solar flares have one (I would surmise) fairly important feature, about which the internet appears to be struck dumb. It's this: assuming such flares expand ever further outwards - possibly conically? - once they leave the Sun's surface, just how spatially 'wide' are they by the time they reach Earth orbit? I guess this might vary, depending on the initial energy release etc. All I'm after is an average ballpark figure, if such a thing exists. Many thanks. PS. Happy Solstice Day!

How is it born? How long does it live? What happens during it's lifetime and when do these events happen? How and when does it die? How does this cause a supernova? Thanks a lot

hi, I read that there's evidences indicating that black hole could host universes. I have some idea about how it could be, inspired by bending of space-time - the radial dimension from our point of view would become the time line of the inner univers - the surface dimension would be the holographic (see the holographic theory) version of the content of the inner univers. My idea is that since relativity tells us that something going at the speed of light should apear to us frozen in time, and since the general relativity tells that what is inside the black hole horizon seems to us going at that speed, the inner univers should be frozen in time. So the space-time c…

Why Pluto is a dwarf planet? It was being demoted to dwarf planet status during the IAU conference. First, what is planet? A planet must fulfill these characteristics: 1. It has enough mass to form itself into a spherical shape. 2. It is a celestial body that orbits around a sun. 3. It clears away all smaller objects in its immediate neighbourhood. Pluto fulfills the first 2 but not the last requirement, thus it is a dwarf planet. My question is why they are still objection towards this decision? Are they any reasons that can be proved to show that this decision is wrong?

What accounts for the gravitational effect of a galaxy in space......... 1. The outermost stars or 2. All the stars (matter, black hole etc.) that are present in it taken together If the answer is all the stars, how does the gravity of all the stars (entities) accumulate, when there are huge distances among them? An example, A space probe that has to escape our solar system is concerned with the gravity of the last planet (Neptune or may be Pluto or Sun) rather than the gravity of Earth, Mercury or Venus. When the effect of these 3 planets has a negligible effect on the far away probe, how can stars in the interior of …

Why Stephen Hawking said there are no black holes? If so, do you think grey hole do exist. How and why?

Hello, I hope I am at the correct thread for this. If not, any help/re-direction would be a great help! I thought I'd share a radio drama I've been making on here. It's called Transmissions From Colony One, and it is a science-fiction story based in realism. Though it is indeed all audio, it is a "found footage" format, telling the story of the first manned mission to Mars, the astronauts involved being sent on a one-way trip to start colonizing and terraforming the planet for human settlement. The first season aired last summer, and played in nearly 70 countries worldwide. It's also garnered attention and recognition from people at NASA, SpaceX, ESA, JAXA, MarsOn…

In the experiment LIGO not detectable gravitational waves,despite its high sensitivity is due to the fact that sources of gravitational waves are located at large distances from the Earth.The waves may change not only the sizes of pipes,but also synchronous resizes the surrounding space,therefore there are no changes in the interferometer.

The 1% Concordance Hubble Constant http://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.1718v1.pdf new value from collective data, best-fit Hubble constant of 69.6+/-0.7 km/s/Mpc. the tighter constraints are in excellent agreement with LCDM concordance model.

I'm looking for other articles, both countering and supporting the metastable Higg's as a possible inflation influence. Some like these tend to add further speculations but that's OK as I'm more interested in the above. I'll filter through the articles as they are recommended. Just doing this for self research, the Higg's field is an area I'm currently studying in particular the seesaw 1 and seesaw 2 models of SO(10). If anyone happens to know a good article covering non SuSy SO(10) I wold also be interested. I have found tons of the SuSy forms but haven't been able to locate the non Susy. Even though numerous of my articles state there is a non SuSy varient. Met…

Was there light at the very instant of Big Bang?