Chemistry

Let's say you have an object, such as a shirt, and you pull it in all directions. After a while it will become permanently stretched out. This is obvious on an every day level. But what is happening molecularly? Are the molecules becoming pushed further and further apart from each other? If so, how are they still attracted to each other enough to stay bonded?

Hello again, So, I have decided going back to school does not make financial sense, and I don't think science is the career path I want. I am currently studying for my CFA. However, I am very interested in physics and chemistry. My girlfriend was a chem major in college, and sometimes, I just want to know whatever the heck she is talking about, haha. Plus I find science fascinating. My question, is it possible to learn as a hobby, without a lab or teacher? I know I can use textbooks, the internet, and my girlfriend, will that be enough? I am 23. When I am done with my CFA, is it something I can learn? If I spent, lets say 15 hours a week just learnin…

I have been trying to do some research on what happens if Nitrogen is mixed with Carbon Dioxide. I am wondering what the reaction would be. I know that NCO2 is stable, yet I cannot find out what the chemical is. I am wondering if this is toxic to breath. I am wanting to see if this could be a possible way to Terraform Mars?

Hi all, I've recently bought an electrode for pH measurements and want to use it as a reference electrode. So I checked the internal reference system of the electrode and found that it is Argenthal reference system with Silver traps!! (the filling solution is KCl) Does this mean that the reference reaction is AgCl (s) +e- <--> Ag(s) +Cl- ? Please help

Hi is the chemical nitrocellulose (commonly found in nail polish) a conductor, or an insulator? Specifically can common nail polish be used as an insulator, or a conductor?

Are there undiscovered elements (naturally occurring and stable) somewhere in the universe? Or have we pretty much found all of the naturally occurring elements that are stable?

If I have an acid with a Ph of 5, what conclusion could you make about this acid?

My inquisitive nature gripped me when I read a brief history of time some years ago, since then I've read some of the other brilliant Stephen Hawking books. I've also enjoyed, How to build a time Machine, by Paul Davis, Why does E=MC2 by Brian Cox and Jeff Forshaw and although, in places, I've had to re-read or cross reference, I've learnt so much, with each book exciting my interest further! A brief history of me! Regrettably for me, I found little of interest during my school years, I did not realise my enjoyment of the practical 'Newtonian' sciences or my intrigue of the Sub atomic, I underachieved at school, which included been placed in combined CSE Scienc…

In chemistry lessons I was taught that the positive units are followed by the inverse units. My teachers didn't use the term 'inverse' to describe them, but that's what they are, I think? So anyway, an example: (moldm-3) (moldm-3) -------------------------- = dm3mol-1 <--- So as seen here cubic decimetres comes before mole. (moldm-3)2(moldm-3) So it becomes Cubic decimetres per mole, as opposed to moles per cubic decimetre. However, in my physics textbooks I frequently see SI units like km h-1, and others presented with the inverse units coming last. As I'm writing this I'm having ideas as to why this may be; i.e. hour per kilometres does…

How many moles of Hydrogen are in H2O when H2O has a mass of 100?

Hi Everyone, I read that C60 or buckminsterfullerene is the hardest substance known to man. I'de like to ask the following- Is this accurate? Could there be something else discovered or invented that would be harder? I’m sorry for my layman language and thank you for your help with this.

Is it related to reactivity?

I'm not a chemist. I'm not in natural sciences at all. But recently, on a backpacking trip, my buddy and I got into a discussion and wanted to get an answer from someone who knew what they were talking about. If I transfer sunscreen into a transparent container and put it in the sun, will the sun render the sunscreen impotent? Is it direct sunlight exposure that makes the sunscreen stop being effective? When I put it on my face, and it's exposed to the sun, it lasts an hour and then I have to reapply. If I store it in a transparent container, it is also exposed to the sun. Is that a bad idea? Second part: If it does in fact render the sunscreen impotent, i…

I have purchased two different sets of Keck clips from eBay with average prices of around $1 a clip. Within about a week of use, almost off of the clamps have splits/cracks in them. I am very careful with installation/removal, supporting both upper and lower portions, probably more so than most since I only recently stocked the home lab with ground glass. Running on 19/22 ST joints, which are tight and greased and apparatus is clamped securely with no flexing/etc. to put strain on joints. What (if anything) am I doing wrong, or did I get bum/cheap sets of clips? Anyone else have these issues? Thanks for any input.

Since we can turn any living creature into elements (Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, etc), but we can't turn carbon, oxygen and hydrogen into a living organism (without the help of another living organism), do you think the periodic table is useful?

Something that I seem to forget all the time. Suppose I'm making a solution of 'A' in a given concentration; let's put it as 50 g / l . Does that mean: 1. I add 50 g of 'A' into 1 litre of solvent. 2. I add 50 g of 'A', and add solvent to 1 litre? The corollary to this is that in actuality, I might be adding less than 1 litre of the solvent, since the 50g of 'A' certainly has volume of its own. Which one is actually correct? Some of my friends suggested either works, because it's largely insignificant.

As a science student with a large amount of chemistry training I almost feel foolish for even asking this, but do acids like those seen in movies such as Cube, the Alien franchise, or the new movie Prometheus actually exist outside of Hollywood? For those of you who haven't seen Cube, which I'm guessing is the vast majority of people, in one of the scenes a 'prisoner' is sprayed in the face with some sort of extremely corrosive liquid, presumably an acid, that literally results in his head being practically hollowed out it is so corrosive. Within the span of several seconds or maybe a minute, the acid had completely eaten into his brain and reduced his entire head to litt…

I read online that you could melt plastic shopping bags(made from ldpe) using a pot illed with oil and form them into a mold. I tried it, using a respirator, and it worked. They said in the instructions that since the plastic is being melted, and not burned, that fumes are not given off. Are they? And are they dangerous?

Hi, Ｉ would like to know the rate of dissolving of potassium chloride in water, where can i get this information? Scenerio: stockpile of potassium chloride was flooded with water for about 10 hours. I know that potassium chloride is high soluble in water, but I　want to know how fast it dissolves in water. Thank you. 　

Hello all, I have a small Hydrogen generator using graphite rods and a DC power source. Currently I'm using a 60w ac to dc converter with no ground. I have some higher wattage converters that have a ground wire. I've tried to just use the positive and negative wires but it does nothing. I thought I would ask around before I start experimenting on what will make this thing run. Where should I ground the extra wire to? Thanks in advance! (I'm just trying to increase production here)

Hello! My friends Dad recently decided to buy him a 'meteorite' off ebay. It is around the size of a tennis ball and when he first told me, I was a little bit sceptical to say the least, but never the less, I felt it would be interesting to see if it is so. At first glance, I noticed instantly that it held resemblances to a stony-iron meteorite, I was pleasantly surprised! For a start, it has plenty of fusion crust, I very hopeful sign that it is indeed a meteorite. It also has a number of cracks around its crust but is by no means falling apart which suggests it has hit Earth at such force that it would of caused the aforementioned cracks. We then thought we would ask…

Can anyone here tell me what ingredients and/or combinations I'll need to make fake blood? I wanna try making fake blood or slime like in movies and TV, but I only know how to do slime rather than blood.

I am trying to dissolve the nickel-based alloys Inconel 617 and Haynes 230 in order to analyze the precipitates with XRD. I already tried the Berzelius solution which is 47.7 g of copper (II) chloride, 41.7 g of potassium chloride, 2.9 g of tartaric acid, 275 ml of distilled water, and 22.4 ml of hydrochloric acid. While this worked for several steels it had almost no effect on the nickel alloys. If you have any ideas on what might work please help!

What elements are the most durable in universe?

Back in class we had the following problem: The air we breathe is about 21% oxygen, by volume. Exhaled air contains about 14% of oxygen. The absorption of oxygen within the lungs takes place in tiny spherical compartments called alveoli which have a diameter of the order of 0.1 mm. Estimate the number of oxygen molecules absorbed in one breath in each of the alveoli. (Assume that body temperature is 37°C.) [math]n= \frac{pV}{RT}= \frac{101325 Jm^{-3}\times 5.23\times 10^{-13}m^{3}}{8.3145JK^{-1}mol^{-1}\times 310.15K}[/math] [math]n=2.06\times 10^{-11} mol [/math] [math]N= 1.24\times 10^{-13} molecules[/math] I assumed that the pressure inside the alve…