Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

I was told that these two sequences bind together somewhere. I am not able to find the annealing site between them. Please help! 5'-GTTTAATTGAGTTGTCATATGTTAATAACGGTAT - 3' - this is the template sequence, single stranded 5'-GGATCTCGACGCTCTCCCTGTTTAATTGAGTTGTCATATGTTAATAAC -3' - this is the primer sequence

I understand the evolutionary side of the reasoning, but not so much the biochemical side. How can an enzyme such as, alcohol dehydrogenase, be able to metabolize so many different substrates? Is it that the catalytic site is "ambiguous" or freely moving to accept a wide range of substrates? Or is it that the enzyme has multiple sites for substrates? ~ee

I thought the best place to ask my question is a Biochemistry forum :). So I have been forced to take Aripiprazole. A low dose of 5mg a day. I read that vitamin D3 is an inducer of the enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 both of which are the prime enzymes that breakdown Aripiprazole into Dehydro-Aripiprazole (an active metabolite) . Now what happens to the Dehydro-Aripiprazole? Is that broken down even more? Or is it turned into a form that can then be excreted from the body? I quote this : " Only after they are metabolized into more hydrophilic molecules, can they be excreted through the kidneys into the urine." My other question to all you biologists regards th…

I have wondered this and I don't know the answer is there are "Pain Chemical Messager" Or just lack of Dopamine causing pain? I want to know what actually activates the neurons that process pain. Dopamine "Pleasure" pathways, Processed in Frontal Cortex Neurons "Self Awareness part of that brain"

Hi i'm a Grad Student in Digital Media. For my masters project, i want to create a microbial fuel cell and produce energy for some kind of machine that should work by a DC motor. ..There are lots of tutorials on the internet concerning microbial fuel cells working on organic matter such as soil or plants as the cell's core material. But i want to create a microbial fuel cell, using E coli bacteria. I know that there have been studys to create microbial fuel cells using waste water, but nothing really detailed about it how it works. So far i know that e coli does not do any photosynthesis, because it is an anaerobic bacteria. Therefore i was looking for what kind of nutrit…

We were wondering why we didn’t have any edits in our wheat plants using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and what we could possibly do to ensure we would have edits in the future? So, our experiment consisted of: 40 plants that had been successfully transformed using biolisitcs with a Cas9 construct and sgRNA Of these we genotyped to find out which had Cas9 DNA, and of these which were expressing Cas9 mRNA, we used PCR to determine this We then worked out which of the 40 plants had the sgRNA The plants that had both sgRNA and Cas9 we took forward and sequenced using Next Generation Sequencing to determine if the CRISPR/Cas9 construct had performed any …

This design is essentially a neoblast ( Found pluripotent stem cells in planarians ), the cell nucleus neoblast is replaced by a human cell nucleus when neoblast multiply ( through mitosis ) The removal of cells that are not neoblasts is performed , leaving only neoblats , which are Applied to human, the same as before, which now has cell regeneration. Cell_regeneration_in_humans.docx The cell regeneration in humans.pptx

Does anyone know of a nonspecific (if that exists) caspase inhibitor or inhibitors of caspase-3 and/or caspase-8? in addition, what assay technique would you need to measure the activation/activity of a caspase?

Hi! So I'm in a group testing whether there has been CRISPR/Cas9 editing in 36 wheat plants and we discovered the following (see picture attached): that some plants had high Cas9 expression and no guide RNA expression, and some plants had high guide RNA expression and no Cas9 expression (Cas9 +guide RNA 2 components of CRISPR needed for editing of genes). I am really perplexed why this may be (trend is noted especially in plants 3 and 4) especially as guide RNAs and the Cas9 gene were transformed in equal quantities, is there any idea? Or any idea how we could re-transform plants so this doesn't happen? Thank you so much for any help!

Hi everyone! We try to work with a tag for genes called "Hellfire". This consists in a gene sequence codifying for 6 histidines+protease site+3FLAG. Does anyone know a source to have this in a plasmid? Did anyone work with this? Thanks in advance for any reply giving info or any clue. Regards Daniel

What is the difference between these two types of cells in the immune system? I know that the natural killer cells are generalists in the innate response and cytotoxic t cells are in response to cell mediated immunity in the adaptive response. But these two types of cells seem to perform the same function: they induce apoptosis in the pathogenic-infected cells. I need to know the subtle differences.

Hi everyone !! Could someone help me understand the graphics regarding this subject? i have this graph where the control curve has a sigmoid behavior and the other two have an allosteric effector (+) and (-) how could this look on a Hill chart? I’m confused about what curve should have a slope equal to 1 and how the others would look. thank you ! Please help me pass my exam P.S: forgive my english, i don’t speak it in a native way

Hello everybody, I'm doing my biochemistry exam review and I stumbled upon a few questions, I can't find anything about on google. The question is: Now, the correct answer was B, because the given sequence contained a lot of the MALEK amino acids, which are preferred in an alpha helix structure. However, because of answer A and B, I was wondering if there is a way to tell if a sequence will be a parallel or anti-parallel beta sheet based on the contained amino acids. I know that beta sheets contain a lot of FIVTYW amino acids, but I can't find anywhere if there's a difference in parallel vs. anti-parallel. Thank you for your time Jack

So I am in a group testing whether the plants we have of a certain wheat line are expressing the Cas9 transgene and if the gene of interest that we've tried to target has been edited by CRISPR/Cas9. So far I have: -Extracted DNA and run a PCR and gel electrophoresis to confirm some (around 75%) of the plants have at least the starting fragment of the Cas9 gene -Extracted RNA and run an RT-PCR and gel electrophoresis to confirm some of those have the mRNA for the Cas9 (so are expressing the DNA) - around half were -Extracted and run DNA for the guide RNA (which all showed to be expressing worryingly) -Quantified the amount and quality of our mRNA using a bioan…

Hello everybody, I'm doing my biochemistry exam review and stumbled upon a question from last years exam, I really can't get anything out of google. The question goes as follows: Correct is answer C. However, I can't quite figure out why. My reasoning so far: -> If the Beta strands were connected by (short) alpha helices, the protein wouldn't be 90% Beta sheets, so B is out. -> I've never heard of domains packing against each other, and since they fold independently, I don't think this is right. But this is both rather washy reasoning. I can't figure out what information the "two 10 kDa domains" is supposed to give me. Thank…

I am doing a survey to find out how many people are looking for lab equipment. For instance, you go to start a new experiment and you need GC-MS, but you don't have it in your lab. Do you know where to look? In my experience the equipment is usually on the same campus, but I did not know it and I did not know how to go about approaching the people in charge. There is disparity amongst academia and industry as well as within institutions. The survey will show if this disparity really exists or if it is just my colleagues and I that experience this....

Information relevant to the topic Hello I am Dag and I am 15, I have an issue with fainting to exposure to organs, needles when used on me and extreme detail on biological functions and I want to go into Microbiology for a career but the following questions I have been looking to be answered but can't find any answers The questions 1. How can I get over this fainting issue, I have tried to do the "Exposure" method (When I try to get used to the stimulus that causes the fainting|) but that wouldn't work? 2. If I do go into microbiology what grades will I need and what higher education courses will I need?

i'm trying to learn about bacteria and their interactions with their host, either pathogenically or commensally, and get stuck when a reference goes into chemical detail. Can anyone recommend how I should proceed from scratch. I have rusty basic chemistry knowledge, as in 16-18yr level, but not organic or biochemistry in particular.

I recently read an article about the work of Giulio Natta in the early 1950s, describing the growth of polymers from anionic and cationic surfaces. He was working with petroleum based polymers like polyethylene and butadiene. Does anybody know if this technique was ever used to grow nucleotides?

Sorry, my english is not good. I maybe make some mistakes(Maybe someone can answer this question:Why is the determination and comparison of the intensity of glycolysis in different microorganisms determined in vitro, and not in vivo?Conducting an in vivo test will not give accurate results.The determination takes place on an intermediate: fructosodiphosphate.Thank you

I have performed a binding experiment using streptavidin agarose beads and a biotynilated molecule ranging from high to low concentration. The molecule exhibits close to 100% capture at low concentration as is expected then gradually drops off. The drop -off is more extreme at higher concentrations. If the beads become saturated past a certain concentration, should the drop off be at a steady rate? Why is there seemingly a slow drop-ff initially then a fast one (it should be noted that the % captured is measured by fluorescence) Binding curve is below. The beads are Thermo Scientific 7.5% Agarose slurry. Thanks!

Could a positive Benedict's test for glucose be possible without heating it if left for an extended period of time (72+hrs) at room temperature? Thanks!

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/117DZJYN7k0u0fPIjqT9J-koOlz0yyckwBXonrunUeSA This is the link to a cell analogy I made for school I hope someone found it helpful. This is the analogy of a city. (I was required to post this to a forum)

I was thinking about how the aliens in my generation ship story sterilize people that have a genetic disease but don't sterilize carriers. The complete spermicide for males makes perfect sense. But with females, it is more complicated. What complicates things with females? The menstrual cycle of course. What I am aiming for is a way to inhibit ovulation without also inhibiting menstruation. So I looked at graphs of the menstrual cycle and the hormones and thought that since LH is the 1 hormone that triggers ovulation in the first place, an LH inhibitor would stop ovulation from happening at LH levels that would normally trigger ovulation. And because it is not estrogen or…

Hello I wonder can you verify to me this fact? It has to do with the research I'm doing. The following is what I consider true, if not let me know or verify to me it is true. When the fat cells, adipocytes, going through lipolysis, they release to the bloodstream directly: - free fatty acid - mono-acyl-glycerol (glycerol with one fatty acid attached). They do not... - Release complete triglycerides to the bloodstream - or Release triglycerides packaged in lipoproteins (chylomicrons) to the bloodstream If this is true: Adipocytes' activity makes their fat extremely useable by the body cells, versus when we eat fat directly, then the cells need…