studiot

What's your interest please ?

Oh dear me. Thank you for helping me correct my spelling mistake. +1 I doubt your gran ever caused serious social consequences. Although even swapping misinformation over the garden fence with a couple of neighbours has led to human deaths in the past. (Here I am thinking of falsely accused paedophiles/murderers hounded to death or lesser consequences) But social media now spread lies on a grand scale.

So many good points to ponder here. +1 Such a shame the UK Government's persistent obsession with a 'market economy' demonstrate the folly of some of these all too well. Do you consider that there is any difference between the socio-economics of large and small countries involved in this ?

Exeter University is the nearest university to me. Here is a quote from journalist alumnus J Irwandi about his prizewinning photo during the covid pandemic, although he was villified by both government and private authorities for 'fake news' at the time. His example was from coronavirus, but I ask it in a much wider context.

Interesting, there's life in the old thread yet. +1

The biggest stumbling block is folks being far too vague about what they mean by "The Double Slit", and then mixing up different experiments. What do you think it means ? Hint there is dozens of different double slit experiments.

Good topic +1 I vote for some of those whose work was (originally) stolen ( in no particular order ) Rosalind Franklin Lise Meitner Jocelyn Bell Eunice Foote Katherine Johnson and if I am allowed to include a Russian Sofia Kovalevskaia

So you don't want to discuss this then ? I think I know what you are trying to say, but I think you are using the wrong words. I agree, do you know what they are ? I did ask what you think a metal is. Why did you not reply ? But I haven't mentioned atoms, molecules , electrons etc. Metals were identified long before such things were known.

Very interesting. +1 Also to @joigus for his latest thoughts. I had in mind to extend the bookcase/list example and you took (some of) the thoughts right out of my head. Information is certainly a slippery concept, which is why it is carefully specified (limited) in information theory and associated information entropy, so that case 3 for instance cannot arise within the theory. I was thinking that one needs definitions / explanations for Data Message Encoding Encryption Meaning and perhaps some other concepts I haven't thought of. to properly parse the various manifestations of information. I also has some new examples A field Marshall about to engage the enemy tells his general A that the plan is to attack at 3am. He will send a signal '1' if This is confirmed and a '0' if he is not to attack at 3am. A perfectly good message, but the situation is not the same as with the coin and squares game as it is open ended. A variation in a sort of entanglement occurs if a pincher movement in conjunction with general B is envisaged. Because general A will not only know what he himself is doing, but also general B's movements. A second new example concerns nautical ssignal flags. A certain asmiral operates the following practice. His flagship flies two signal flags. The top one carries the fleet number of the ship he is signalling. Underneath the second flag carries a sentence from section 5 of Maryat's signals book, say 'Report to Flag' Each flag is actually an easily distinguishable colour pattern. So the message is encoded twice, but not encrypted.

Very big of you. As to this issue, A metal is actually a chemical term, very specifically defined. Many scientific terms are common across several disciplines. Each such discipline has its own particular interest in that term. Road engineers, geographers and lawyers for instance talk about a metalled road surface. What do you think that means ? You started here by saying that you were a layman and asking questions. Highly commendable. But you then changed to preaching to a bunch of specialists. Not so good. So please feel free to ask some more questions, and if you like, tell us what you think a metal is. That is proper discussion.

I did actually put some effort into offering some factual scientific information on your proposal. I cannot, however, tell from your response what you got out of it or if you even read that part. What would you see as the most significant pat of my post ?

Advertising gaff of the year

I'm sorry but you are either being disingenuous here or mistaken. You specifically related information to encoding by the use of the word 'choice' , which I highlighted from your post. Information exists, regardless of the method of encoding or even whether it is encoded or not. Furthermore the more complex examples we are discussing in this thread demonstrates that there is even more to information than this. Entanglement brings yet another layer. Information is most definitely not the choice of encoding since otherwise there would be an infinite amount of information since there is an infinite count of different ways of encoding even a simple binary piece of information. Since the choice is infinite, the information is infinite, by your definition.

That is true and explained in my last post. When I originally saw this title , I decided to go no further. Subsequently I read the first reply when I saw it was by exchemist. And yes, I thought he dealt pretty well with the chemistry and other practicalities.

I disagree. Information is the meaning of the coding.

Perhaps we should go for a reset here ? The actual thread topic / question is a very reasonable one put in a very reasonable way. And you did the right thing in asking if your idea was viable. Unfortunately the title included a somewhat perjorative term that clearly antagonised other members. Setting that aside, it is not unreasonable for a lay person with some scientific interest to have picked up some idea that uranium metal is fairly unreactive as is lead and so propose it for electrodes. Unfortunately the chemistry is against this proposal. The electrodes in electrochemical cells come in two varieties. Those which take part in the chemical reactions and those which don't and are merely the to provide electrical contact. In the traditional lead-acid battery the electrodes are of the first type and are not both pure metal as the underlined passage notes in the first attachment. Lead oxide is the actual chemical involved at one electrode. The attachment also gives outline working of the chemistry of the cell along with resultant cell voltages, around a useful couple of volts per cell. This should be compared with the second attachment for uranium. One thing about chemical reactions is that they have to be not only energetically and chemically feasible, they have to be fast enough at working temperatures to be useful. I have underlined the appropriate uranium reactions which are noted to be very slow and high temperature. Also note that uranium has many more oxidation states than lead, which leads to undesirable potential side reactions. It would be difficult to get a simple reaction to obtain useful output voltage reliably, as can be seen from the oxidation voltage diagram. This really is off-topic but I do wonder if you have misheard or misremembered what was said. Perhaps the scientist said, or meant but was not clear, that the sound was generated by a chemical reaction? Here is another example of 'only part of the story' and I thank swansont for this as I did not realise about the dust so I would say +1 if he did not already have too many plus points. So thank you to the 'expert' on that topic. Thanks also to exchemist for his work in debunking John Hutchinson. +1

Here is another twist to through into the data/information/entropy mix. Anyons. These are currently subject to intense study as candidates for memory.storage in quantum computers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyon The existence of quasiparticles called anyons was confirmed in 2020.

I am not sure. For instance when decrypting an encrypted message or expanding some compressed file, does that affect the situation? Thanks for the reply. I don't see that subsequent decrypting or expansion is relevant. Here is an example of what I mean. A list of books on the top shelf of my bookcase is information. However such as list may or may not actually be drawn up or exist. Yet the information exists and is still available and could be obtained by looking along the shelf. Even if the list is drawn up, say by taking photographs, it may never actually be read. So neither the drawing up of the information nor the subsequent processing (reading) is necessary to the existence of the information itself. The information exists, because the shelf of books exists.

Neutrons also obey Pauli, as do some other fermions. https://byjus.com/jee/pauli-exclusion-principle/ That's exactly what it doesn't mean. Place two clocks at each location. Now reset one clock from each location to zero together. After some period of time is the reading difference on the faster clock exactly 20 times the reading difference on the slower clock ? Hint it cannot be.

joigus actually said colour charges not changes. Here is a short extract from nobel physicist Frank Wilczek recent book, Fundamentals, ten key to reality.

Interesting idea +1 But why stop at government buyout ? Other bodies can also be involved, and are in the UK. On the other hand in the UK, there has been a debate for a couple of decades now about the folly of the authorities, not just permitting, but actively encouraging development on flood plains. I was told today that the storm surge up the river Medway reached 1.7 metres above the predicted storm surge, causing substantial damage and flooding in North Kent. This would not have happened if the Thames Barrier has not been closed, so surge water that would normally have reached far up the Thames was prevented fro doing so and flooded the Medway area instead. On the other hand, the Dutch authorities seem to manage things pretty well. Finally, have your read the book The Attacking Ocean, by Professor Brian Fagan, on the historic follies of trying to hold back the floods ?

@joigus and @Ghideon Thank you for your further thoughts. I'm not sure about the role of storing the information or what difference it makes. Surely the situation simply depends upon whether such information is available or not in the system, rather than whether it is strored or retrieved somewhere ? Here is one of mine. Here are three pin jointed frames with symmetric loads, L, mounted on a foundation AB. 1) Has insufficient information to determine the forces in the frame. 2) Has exactly the right amount of information to determine the forces in the frame. 3) Has too much information to determine the forces in the frame. As far as I can tell, there is zero thermodynamic energy associated with state change here, yet it is interesting so note effects of both too much and too little inforamation.

A small point, but the Ultra Short waveband is far to low in frequency or long in wavelength. This site has a more comprehsive list than yours , but uses frequency not wavelength to distinguish. https://terasense.com/terahertz-technology/radio-frequency-bands/

Thank you for your thoughts. I am going to say +1. Not because I think you are right, but because you are trying so very hard and holding what I consider to be a proper discussion. OK where am I going ? Consider this: Let us consider time t' inside the spaceship and t outside. Now let us consider when t is zero. Why should t' be also zero ? Zero is after all an arbitrary point in time t when we start the timing clock. For instance t must have been running long before our thought experiment say 10,000 hours, perhaps forever. So when we reset the t clock to zero when t reads 10,000, What does the t' clock read ? If both clocks were running at the same rate then the t' clock reads (t + h) hours where h is a constant difference btween them. What now happens if you also apply the condition that t'/t = 20 , because the factor of 20 cannot be applied to the starting difference, h.

Let us stop right there, because there is your problem in a nutshell. Why is it 20 times ? Why not 20.000000001 or 19.99999999999 ? How does any observer determine when it is 20 times ?, because according to your hypothersis, this factor is continually changing.