Chemistry

Ok, I've been discussing oscillation reactions with woelen, and there are some interesting ideas using different methods. This is the link to the original thread: http://www.scienceforums.net/forum/showthread.php?t=23676 Another cool oscillation to try would be the Briggs-Rauscher Reaction. Unlike using ferroin to be able to see the change in color, with this you get the dark starch-iodine complex, and the oscillation goes back and forth from clear to dark blue. The chemicals required for this are: Hydrogen Peroxide Potassium Iodate Malonic Acid Manganese Sulfate Concentrated H2SO4 Starch This list is similar to that of iodine clock rea…

Hi, Does anyone have any ideas regarding the synthesis of tetramethylammonium hydroxide [ce]N(CH3)4OH[/ce] ? I can't seem to be able to find a supplier of it, since nowadays restrictions are horrible here in the US. Thanks

what and how does hybridization of orbitals exactly work?

is there a specific way we should arrange the electrons around the atom??

Is sodium thiosulphate easily oxidized by oxygen

"Add starch just before titration end"WHY?

I finally could do an oscillating reaction at home. It is really cool to see this happen. The chems, needed for this experiment are quite easy to get your hands on, or you simply make them. Most notably the needed KBrO3, I made this myself, another page on that will follow soon, a solution, containing Mn(2+) ions also is not that hard to make if you don't have manganese (II) salts. http://woelen.scheikunde.net/science/chem/exps/oscillating/index.html The only chemical, which is harder to obtain and quite expensive is malonic acid, HOOC-CH2-COOH. Citric acid can be substituted for this, but the effect by far is not so nice with citric acid.

Hi, Can you help me with this? What is inductive effect? How does it works? These are my explanations: ".Inductive Effect." Using the example: CF3OH The lewis structure would be: (ignore the dots) ...F ...| F-C-O-H ...| ...F The Fluorine is more electronegative than C so it pulls the electron density towards itself. The inductive effect affects all parts in the chain. In this case, Carbon is more affected by the effect. Carbon will be electron deficient (so then it is more electronegative than its original Electronegativity). To compensate with this deficiency, this carbon pulls the electron density of the next part of the chain, which is O. A…

I did a very nice experiment with Mn2O7. It is easy to repeat this experiment, but it must be done with great care. A description with pictures and animation is given here: http://woelen.scheikunde.net/science/chem/exps/mn2o7/index.html

Last Question, this is my consensus, please help: After doing extensive research, where we mixed potassium chlorate and sugar and then added sulfuric acid to produce a purple fire. So far we used the equation 2KClO3(s) —heat—> 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g) and said the sugar was a catalyst in the sense that it was used as a fuel to accelerate the combustion reaction. Also, we said that other fuels could replace sugar and the reaction would be the same, and sugar is just easy to use, so it does not need to be mentioned in the equation; and sulfuric acid was just a spectator. Therefore, this equation shows only the decomposition of potassium chlorate. Some sources agreed with…

Remember me, "Hey, me and a friend did the instant chemical fire experiment. In this experiment, you combine safe amounts( 3-4 grams) of each potassium chlorate and granulated sugar and add a couple drops of sulfuric acid. The first two times we did it, we did it in a beaker under a fume hood. However, a very small flame occured. the next two times we did it, we did it on a watch glass and we watched a wild purple fire" This is the equation: 2KClO3(s) —heat—> 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g) , sulfuric acid is a spectator, and sugar is a catalyst in the form of energy so they do not appear in the chemical equation. I have a couple more questions: 1. Why was their white…

Hey, me and a friend did the instant chemical fire experiment. In this experiment, you combine safe amounts( 3-4 grams) of each potassium chlorate and granulated sugar and add a couple drops of sulfuric acid. The first two times we did it, we did it in a beaker under a fume hood. However, a very small flame occured. the next two times we did it, we did it on a watch glass and we watched a wild purple fire 1. Why did that happen? Is this due to surface area in any way, and how it impacts oxidation. Could you answer and reference a website that answers it too? 2. Why was the flame purple, this really confused me? 3. what would be the chemical equation for this reactio…

I am reading a fairly old paper today (1930), and they used a notation for concentration that I am unfamiliar with and can't seem to find info in Google about it. Here is the quote from the paper: "The concentrations of caffeine (Merck U.S.P.) were M/500, M/750, M/1000." Can someone tell me what M/500 means? Moles? Parts per million? Thanks in advance.

While I studying atomic orbitals, I was told that when performing an experiment about the gas discharge tube, which certain gas is contained inside, says, hydrogen, when the gas is under high potential difference, the gas glows and energy is absorbed to promote e- to a higher energy level, when the e- drop back to its ground state, energy is emitted as radiation, so an emission line spectrum is obtained, so now I would like to know, as I has observed, why some of the lines are boldened while some are not. Besides, lines in a series converge into continuum, the line in a series with the longest wavelength represents the wavelength shown by the radiation emitted when an e-…

How does iodate ion react with ascorbic acid? How can I prevent it from occuring when I wanna to use iodine to oxide the acid instead so as to find out the percentage by mass of the acid in a vitamin C tablet.

If you want to use 3500 kilocalories of energy to heat up ice using body temperature how much water would you need? I got 22.5 liters, and I'm not sure if it's right or not. Your help is appreciated thanks

I am aware various metals are able to absorb a quantity of hydrogen, either ionic or molecular hydrogen... I'm not sure. Perhaps someone can enlighten me regarding the constituents / environment required for this to occur. I am interested the hypothetical stiutation wherein hydrogen becomes trapped in the metal's crystal structure.. for instance, cubic face-centered in Palladium. Assuming Palladium is heated to the extent that the structure expands? and absorbed hydrogen is able to fill the gaps, what happens if the Palladium cools / shrinks? I assume it is possible for hydrogen to become trapped in such a structure as weakness in metals / metal alloys have…

Hello, Im wondering if anyone has any idea of how silicone covers are made, Im esuming everyone has seen the things they make for Ipods and stuff , im interested to know how it is they make them? What they use etc. ?

Ok, I'm not a chemistry buff, so I'm having a hell of a time trying to find some chemicals I need. I have, among the many, many dead animals in my apartment, many preserved in jars, and others still in the freezer awaiting jars. Additionally, I've found some protocols of clearing and staining specimens, so I want to give that a try. But there's two chemicals I just cannot seem to get in decent quantities. Maybe I'm just not finding the right stores. Anyhow, if anyone knows a source for Formaldehyde and Ethanol (lab grade, not reagent grade), especially in quantities of around 4L or so, I'd be very appreciative. Most of the traditional suppliers like Carolina and …

Let’s say I accidentally dropped a florescent bulb (which had burned out) while changing it and broke it. Is there enough mercury vapor or other toxic vapors to be a significant health hazard?

Hello, I have finally got hold of some silicone oil and some boric acid powder. I was hoping when i mixed the 2 together i would get a reaction which made silly putty Well it didnt happen , i also tried stiring it over a steady heat but not luck ! I am using 500cst silicone oil and just normal boric acid powder. Could anyone give me some advice or direct me on wereever i am going wrong ? Thanks !

So, i pickled that melon and i got some formaldehyde left; (semicolon valid?) approximately 500 ml. What'd be a productive way to maluse it? What else can i do with it?

Hello Here I want to ask a few questions and I hope some of you will be kind enough to tell me. 1. My book says the evidence of the sub-shell is from the graph of the pattern of the first ionization enthalpy of the elements. How does this work? I'm quite opposed since I don't think it is a fair comparison to show that the difference in I.E. is indeed primarily due to the sub-shell. 2. We can find that ionization enthalpy of the sodium atoms by finding the difference between the energy level n=infinity and n=3, right? 3. I glazed at many books very quick in the library and they all only give the first five series of the spectral lines of hydrogen atom, there exists ot…

How ....

just a quick question: what is the difference between homogeneous mixture and a compound of any two or more elements?