Biology

The miracle of embryonic development is mentioned in the Quran in such minute detail, much of which was unknown to scientists until only recently. It mentions the first stages of life after conception, the second stage of life after conception, and witnesses of scientists about these scientific facts of the Quran

Hi, I'm a student from Slovenia working on a project involving protozoa and metazoa in active sludge from water cleaning facilities. A part of the project is about the cleaning facilities and how they use bacteria, protozoa,fungus and occasional metazoa in the cleansing process. But the other part is focused on the protozoa itself, firstly identifying as much protozoa in the active sludge(that I'll get from a nearby cleaning facility) and secondly i would be interested in isolation of some protozoa to produce short food chains or clean protozoa cultures. The thing is i don't know how to culture prozoa or how to create protozoa food chains. I would be most grateful if s…

According to this New Scientist article, cells can detect the stiffness of surrounding tissue, and use that as a cue as to what cell is should become. Apparently, when grown on a gel of a given stiffness, they choose to become a tissue of similar stiffness. They can also detect stuff like fluid flow, which prompts them to become blood vessels. This makes sense as this is a much more flexible approach than a genetically pre-programmed objective (I don't know how well it compares to chemical signaling however, although this way they don't need to be ordered around). This has significance for healing, since scar tissue is stiffer than normal tissue. Scars inhibit nerve r…

Hello As the topic say I have difficult understanding equation for perfusion. How does venous pressure affect perfusion I thought only arterial pressure does. Thanks!!

Genetic testing identifies the unique genetic profile of an individual, the genetic profile inherited partly from the father and partly from the mother. By comparing the child’s genetic profile with that of the alleged father, a DNA paternity test determines whether the person is the real biological father.

In micrographs, you always see a large number of spermatozoids penetrate the oval wall, not one. What happens to all that DNA, and what determines which genome is used? http://www.falki-design.ch/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/befruchtung.jpg

Hi help I'm stuck! I need to write an essay that talks about the different types of diffusion across a cell membrane. Specifically I need to compare a neurone cell, with either a blood cell, or a epithelial cell. My tutor has given some strong hints that she would prefer a comparison of a neurone with a blood cell though. (I'm not sure if she means red or white however?) as both of these apparently show the full range of difference membrane transport methods. I seem to be doing OK with Neurones as there appears to be plenty of information out there, however I'm having a terrible time sourcing any information on the full range/function of membrane transport in blood cells.…

This provides a good collection of links to websites providing audio/video courses and lectures related to biology and biological engineering from educational institutions around the world. http://www.infocobuild.com/education/audio-video-courses/biology/biology-and-biological-engineering.html The lectures include general biology, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, microbiology, and more.

Why is it that in the glycogen synthesis UDP glucose is added to glucose. Does UDP glucose provide energy? Or is it ATP that provides energy for this polymerisation. I don't understand why you need UDP? Thanks!!

My textbook says, I checked the whole citric acid cycle, and only the conversion of succinyl coA requires ADP or GDP. I don't understand how a lack of this would make NADH accumulate. Could anyone explain this. Thanks a lot

I thought damge to nerves cannot fix them self? How do they hook up some one cut off arm or finger than? Or hook up some one cut off leg? How can doctors fix nerves like in the show life in the ER? I know they cannot hook any thing to the central nervous system or fix any nerves in the central nervous system . Than I hear reports over time the person may walk .Is this do to the spine bypass the bad part or re-grow pass the bad part? Why is this sush yes and no in the science world or a may be.

What is it about breathing as opposed to the other "automatic" functions that we have deliberate control over it when we want? Is breathing dealt with by a different part of the brain to say, the circulatory system - or are there more subtle safe guards built in to stop the conscious mind from mucking around with things it shouldn't? Can other animals do this as well? I would imagine that hunters who rely on stealth such as big cats would benefit from being able to hold their breath - but it feels like it may be something that we've learned.

ok so we breath in oxygen (well air) and exhale carbon dioxide. so where does the carbon come from needed to form CO2? and while we are on the subject do plants use the carbon from CO2 to build the plant material or is it used for something else?

I'm doing a science fair project and need help on finding a plant (the seeds) that grows real fast (like lima beans) and can be grown in a cold/winter climate. I would buy lima beans, but it's very hard to find a place where it's available. :'(((( [i hope I posted this in the right section, if not please move it. ^__^]

Do all plant species have a male and a female form? I know with some varieties of plants you have to have a male and a female form close by so that they can cross polinate and produce seeds, but not all plants produce flowers do they? Is this like a haploid thing or someting where some types of plants can produce seeds on their own without polination and others require polination to produce seeds? I was also wondering, for the varieties of plants that do produce male and female forms, what determines this? Do they have a type of X and Y chromosome like humans or is this something that is influenced by the environment (like in turtles, you can incubate their eggs ab…

How much power does the human body need to keep its temperature constant in different ambient temperatures ("ambient" meaning in the immediate environment, ie, under clothing)?

My Girlfriend's Parents recently asked me to take a look at stemenhance products and get my opinion on it. http://www.enhancestemcellsnaturally.com/ I was just curious as to how effective stem cells from bone marrow would be in maintaining the body and repairing tissue such as the brain and liver. I was under the impression that there was different generations of stem cells in the body and that the type coming out of bone marrow was primarily for blood related cells, therefore the primary enhancement would be help for people with low immunity, because wouldn't the body reject an overabundance of cells in the blood to keep homeostasis?

The human body functions at an average 37*C (oral reading). All organs usually function at temperatures close to this figure(?). Given that people with different genetic structures from different parts of the world will function at different temperatures, does anyone know the average figures for the following.. Optimum operating temperature for the human brain? Optimum ambient temperature for humans? (I heard somewhere it was around 18*C?) Thanks in advance.

I have decided to do a science fair project on the effects of electricity on plants. If anyone could provide links to pages with this kind of information, it would be greatly appreciated.

I'd like to identify this insect. What species is it? You don't necessarily need to say anything else about it. I can look it up myself.

does the mesoglea in jellyfish contain gelatin? Merged post follows: Consecutive posts mergedor collagen?

Biology is by far my weakest science.... And it appears the kids in my class have realized this. I have been asked the following question and have no idea. Any help is greatly appreciated Why is mammalian blood warm? how is it warmed? and where is it warmed?

Hello everyone, How do valves in the body basically work. I can understand how blood flowing on either direction can close or open valves depending on the type of valve. But someone told me it is the elastic recoil of the veins that closes the valve. I thought it would blood that was going back that closed the valve. Also in the heart does the contraction of right ventricle close the mitral valve or the blood going back from the ventricle that closes the valve. Also while we are at it. I read that aortic valve closes before pulmonary valve in a text book. The reason was this in the text book "Aortic valve closes before the closure of pulmonary valve because of…

Hello there, this is my first post in these forums, and probably in the wrong place already. But anyway, I wanted to ask a question: I'm planning on attenting university soon to pursue my dream. I would love to eventually contribute to anti-aging research. But the thing is, I'm not sure which field of biology that is! I was thinking biotechnology, but I could be mistaken of course. I'm not too confident about my skills in math and physics, but I could prepare myself before going to uni, of course. What do you think?

Hello everyone, Can anyone explain simply why heart rate increases in inspiration. Also why does the aortic valve close before pulmonary valve in inspiration? In inspiration does superior vena cavae get more blood? From what I read there was something to do with blood pooling inside the lungs during inspiration? Why does blood pool I don't understand? Thanks