Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

What steps are involved in removing lipids and proteins to isolate the DNA molcules??

If I buy a microscope is there anything I could really do with it to study cells and what not? What's would be a good microscope to buy? Thanks. -John

I'm having a problem with a gradient PCR I'm running, with the purposed of testing new primers I ordered. all my PCRs are turning up negative results, my positive control is working, though. I'm sure the problem is that my primer has a large overhang, about 70 bp. I've tried annealing temperatures of 45C+ and - 10C, and 55C + and - 10C. The rest of the program is pretty standard. Is there something special I should be doing because of my large overhang?

Can anyone tell me where the A-form and Z-form of DNA is found? I understand that the B form is found in normal human cells, but where do the other two come from and do/can they exist in human cells?

How many net ATP's do you get from 1 glucose after glycolysis? after aerobic respiration?

what is the difference between thioflavin T and S When should I use T andd when to use S?

Hi friends, Calling all bioinformaticians to help me! I have to make a project using the bioinformatics tools. Can anyone please suggest what could be the best topic foe me to pursue at grad studies? I have to develop a tool(program) to do some basic BI calculation/simulations /interpretations that can achieve a desired level of result. I have already done a project on the analysis of Microarray data, so I am inclined towards Proteomics/Protein Chemistry, but is open to any good research topic. Can some people help me describe some good projects that could be done(at grad lvl). Please give relevant details on the data availability and conclusions that could be d…

Its about having just what is minimally required for survival and not having extra facilities in own body... eg. just having one nose in humans... why not more? so... is having extra things in organism harmful from natural selection pt. of view? Let's see- A species at a time has some set of chara. all are changing w.r.t. time...then which [ 1 or more] would change depends upon availability and the envoronment and deadline before which it is to be changed... Now gvn that a chara is to change ... how would it change... eg. [ chara. hearing ability] no ability - to - getting able to , for defined range... With the gvn set of not-much-changing other characters u have …

When we use phages as vectors in biotech. most being lytic cycled , they'll kill the bacteria which have been induced with the character before it divides...!!! then what remains the use of inducing that gene in it? Yes, before the lysis of bacterial cell, it may participate in conjugation provided to transfer this gene from itself to the other participant provived you insert f-factor also... and after its death it will lead to transformation of the other bacteria... if the major inducer of these 2 possibilities[ conju and transformashn] is transformation...then why spend time in inducing that gene in the bacterial cell? directly keep bacteria to be transformed in gen…

Are there animals out in the wild that never get sick or have a very high resistance to viruses and bacteria? And if there are, are we already trying to figure out why?

I just wanna know how the suicide bags of the cell are activated to destroy other organeelles by enzyme secretion. Asking all the Biochemistry majors here..help:-)

The monopartite nuclear localization signal of autoimmune regulator mediates its nuclear import and interaction with multiple importin α molecules as i understand it, the above paper is saying that AIRE has a monopartite nuclear localisation signal just 3 amino acids in length (lys-arg-lys)... does that mean that if i stick lys-arg-lys onto the end of any protien, that it'll get concentrated in the nucleus? seems a tad small...

In my English class we're doing a research paper on what we think is the greatest medical advancement and I'm gonna do the mapping of the human genome. Any thoughts?

can anyone help me with the following question? i don't understand how come before DNA is isolated, TES buffer is used, but after DNA is isolated, TE buffer is used. The only difference between the two buffers is the presence of 0.15 M NaCl. How come NaCl is required before DNA is isolated? Thanks !!

So that's the topic. Has the debate on biotechnology specifically GM crops already been deemed irrelavent by the world having chosen it's path already? Of course there are stil nay sayers who are violently against it. However now with China and India making the move to fully develop biotech to support their bulging populations, and with South Africa ready to makes moves which will most likely lead to much of the rest of africa following, are these nay sayers just wasting their breath. 70% of all processed foods in North america contain GM products and that number is quickly growing. It seems that the only anti-GM stronghold left over is Europe. But really lets…

I'm writting my dissertation and i've come accross a mental block and its driving me mad. I did some work in the lab and now i'm writting it up and i've totally forgotten how I come to one conclusion I made. I decided on an appropriate ligation teperature using two simple factors 1) the optimum temperature of the ligase was 40 degrees C 2) the laws of thermodynamics I can't remember which law I thought of and its soooooo simple its driving me mad. I'm getting confused over something so trivial can anyone help me out. By decreasing the temperature of a system you lower the random motion of particles which therefore lowers the probability that two react…

alright this may have a obvious answer, but i was woundering why is it that Adenine and Guanine or Cytosine and Thymine can not pair up. I know it deals with the molecular structure of the base pairs, but can someone explain indepth why their can't be a pair like Adenine and Guanine on a spot on the DNA. Thanks alot everyone

They sell these?? why didn't anyone tell me??!! I'm getting me some now. http://www.glofish.com/default.asp Here's a quote taken from a recent new scientist article.

Im a junior in high school. I have only completed one year of biology I'm taking Chem 1 this year. Next year I will be taking advanced biology and chem 2. If anybody didn't read my thread in the engineering seciton I want to work in the biotechnology industry as a research scientist. I want to buy a textbook so I can start learning about genes, DNA, RNA, rDNA, and things like that. Any recommendations? -J

what is the phosphate part, sugar part and nitrogenous parts of thymine monophosphate? can someone help me please I am in desperate need of help

Dear fellows, As CFSE stain causes death of cells due to presence of DMSO,I have tried to amend my protocols by reducing staining time ,can any one guide me if he/she has got some really nice picture of CFSE stain with much living cells.please suggest thanks

how do u form mannose w/ glucose through dehydration synthesis. I don't know what a glucose molecule looks like.

As silly as it may sound, I had always thought that trees never die for some reason. Maybe it's because I would always hear about how many hundreds of years old the trees in the redwood forest are. My bio teacher told me that they do age, however, and that they do die eventually, even though it can take hundreds of years. Do trees also succumb to free radicals? Or is there some other cause? What gives them such an extensive lifespan?

not sure which category to put this in, but here i go. im doing a 5 minute presentation about whatever i want. i decided to talk about chocolate being "addictive" or not. I searched around and read that it makes the serotonin-levels and endorphines levels higher, as well as anandamide. But on the other hand, chocolate conatins so small amounts of some of these psychoactive compounds. Many stuff yet not known. But yet so happy-filling, relaxing and warming. Is it a mere placebo or do certain chemcilas involve in our brains from chocolate? Im not sure how it boosts the release of serotonin, endorphins and anandamides. Tryptophan exists in many other foods for example wh…

Hi, i am doing a project on yeast. lipopolysaccharide is usually used in mammalian cells to induce NOS expression but does anyone have literature that has demonstrated yeast sensitivity to LPS? secondly, how does someone come upon identifiying a downstream regulator to a process? is it mainly just reviewing literature like determining an inducer/inhibitor for a process or more different? Thankyou.