Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Hello everyone. I started to work in a lab, where the focuses are molecular ecology and evolutive genomic. One of the projects is the genomic characterization of different samples of Pyura Chilensis, because we think that there are different ecotypes among the samples we're studying. I'm an undergraduate student at Universidad Austral de Chile, currently studying Biochemistry, and my aim into this laboratory and project is to help the team with their biggest problem: obtaining high quality, pure and good concentrations of gDNA from the Pyura samples. When we extract the DNA, the result is completely degradated DNA (we can tell it by doing the EP…

Hi, I don't understand how long carbohydrates last in the liver to be used up by the body. I know that the cells will take as much energy as they need when you have consumed carbohydrates, but let's say there are suger left over in the liver which will be stored as fat, HOW LONG WILL THE SUGAR STAY IN THE LIVER BEFORE IT'S STORED AS FAT? Maybe after a while you'r cells need more energy, but the sugars has already been stored as fat?

Hi, I know that there are a lot of different days in different food and that unsaturated fats doesn't have any hydrogen atoms but only carbon atoms and that saturated fats have both of them. What I wonder is that when you consume fat, say unsaturated fat for example, it will behave just like carbohydrates and get converted to glucose and used up by cells if the body needs energy and otherwise store it as fat? Or does it get stored as fat directly and then burned?

So.... At 0 K molecules don't move because there is no energy available to them(correct me if i'm wrong i have no education in related fields). Let's assume that 0 K is possible to reach in a lab, and we froze a human nearly instant to 0 K -meaning every molecule at the same time or nearly. it should be possible to bring him back i.e. 1000 years from now again assuming we can defrost him instantly. is there any law of physics that could make this theory invalid? I know this is being studied but i wanted to know if there is a law we know that could still work against the hypothesis mentioned above. could we now with our closest to absolute 0 preserve a organism othe…

Ok, this is my first time posting on this forum, so please tell me if I break a rule or something. ANYWAYS..... I found some videos on the internetz about decellularization, and I am interested and would like to try it. I am going to ask if anybody here has some experience with the decellularization of fruit or anything else. If so: 1. Would regular walmart hand soap or store-bought detergent work? 2. Does the ECM decompose in anyway after the removal of the cells?

I saw this experiment about gray hairs re-pigmentation into black hairs with melanocytes transplantation into gray hair follicles(https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276491822_Treatment_of_Gray_Hair_in_Vitiligo_Patients_by_Direct_Melanocytes_Transplant_Using_Needling_Micrografting_and_Dermabrasion_Techniques) and also found another article about this experiment(http://www.odermatol.com/odermatology/20162/11.Follicular-SharquieK.pdf) in which I saw the following: "In cases of gray hairs, the grafted melanocytes will move from regimented epidermis into the outer root sheath then move down to reach the hair matrix thus inducing pigmented hair" . So basically it is possi…

I understand the biological necessity for Mental Effort as it stops you over stressing your body and burning more calories than needed but I don't understand how it works. Example, when you do excersize you get to a mental barrier at which point it becomes mentally difficult to continue exercising. You may just be using one arm with moderately elevated heart rate and breathing and yet it changes from a physical effort into a mental one. I don't know how the system works but I guess that a chemical signal in the brain depleats the longer it is used and mental effort affects the production of the chemical? Compounds like adrenaline adjust the takeup of the signa…

I am trying to understand ion exchange methodology. The Dow "tech fact" sheet on selectivity for quaternary amine resin as 1 for -OH, 5 for -H2PO4 and 22 for -Cl. Does that mean that HCl is a better elutant than a solution of Phosphoric acid of equal normality? Also, To regenerate this column would a strong solution of NaOH be best because it has the lowest selectivity and is easily displaced. Am I thinking about this correctly? This is my first post. I appreciate any dialog on this topic as I need to become proficient with basic applications of ion exchange. Right now I feel like its a roll of the dice.

For example, transposable elements and RNA silencing were discovered in plants but it has been used a lot in animal research. However, plant research is often not given enough credit and many animal researchers tend to look down upon plant researchers. I want to know some of these major plant discoveries that have affect humans/animal research and what are some strategies to bridge this gap between the 2 fields?

is it possible to utilize cancers unique attributes for our own benefit? My inquiry has to do with and proposes the question of can we create a type or strain of cancer tha would have a symbiotic relationship with us to utilize its ability of (for lac k of a better term off the top of my head) super-self replication as a supplement to abate or a full on cure toward hunger? or at least is there a way to utilize cancers ability to use nutrients we don't normally utilize to expand and multiply indefinitely for the purpose of energy conversion like a camels hump dose with water? it might be a bit fringe but so were cell phones and wireless robots at one point.

Hi! I am trying to conduct an experiment in which I will need to increase the gene expression of specific heat shock proteins (DnaK, HtpG, and GroEl) in E. Coli bacteria. What is the best method to do this?

I have seen some recipes for Terrific Broth that call for the phosphate buffer solution to the filter-sterized then added to the rest of the mixture (which had been autoclaved). I can't see a reason why one could not separately autoclave the phosphate buffer, as opposed to filter sterilizing it. Autoclaving won't change phosphate or harm it in any way that I can think of. Tips? Thoughts?

From Anti-aging I don't mean a "cure" ( which is far away) what I mean is having ageing under a decisive level of control to be able to be in the "longevity escape velocity" where we use the same treatment every few/said years achieving immortality(not invincibility) in a way

Good afternoon, I have a question about a project I'm working on involving CHO cells. I'm working on an experiment involving the expression of P24/GPI-GFP in CHO cells. My question is: What is a fitting antibody for P24? The only ones I can find are somewhat HIV related.. I'd be grateful for help, thank you

Antifoam is often used in ethanol fermentation to reduce foaming (duh). I have learned from searching around that antifoam (in general) is an oil, or sometimes a silicon oil (not 100% sure about that). Does anyone know: 1. What type of antifoam is used specifically in ethanol fermentation on industrial scale? 2. What organic oils (if they are organic at all) are used? I'd like to know (a) specific example(s). And if possible, a price for the antifoam (price for industry - this is probably not possible to answer. Prices that industry pays for chemicals are notoriously hard to find.) [edit] I cannot change the thread title. Antofoam... tsk.

Hello! The gel attached is a 1.5% agarose gel in 1X TAE buffer. It was run at 100V for 50 minutes and imaged using a point and shoot device with a UV tray. We cannot figure out what has been causing the streaking, but we have obtained this result several times. It occurs with 1% as well as 1.5%, and at different voltages. We are using a BioRad Mini SubCell GT and BioRad PowerPac. Our gels attached were made with 50ml 1X TAE and .5g agarose. Has anyone seen this? We sent our ladders to another lab and they were able to obtain a clear result so we are very confused. The gel reads (L-R) 100 bp ladder, 1kb ladder, and 2-Log ladder. Thanks, …

Hello all, Why does the redox potential of a microbial culture decrease with growth? Thanks, :).

https://mobile.the-scientist.com/article/53504/image-of-the-day-bacterial-flagella http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/4/eaao7054 Insight into structural remodeling of the FlhA ring responsible for bacterial flagellar type III protein export Abstract The bacterial flagellum is a supramolecular motility machine. Flagellar assembly begins with the basal body, followed by the hook and finally the filament. A carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic domain of FlhA (FlhAC) forms a nonameric ring structure in the flagellar type III protein export apparatus and coordinates flagellar protein export with assembly. However, the mechanism of this process remains …

When for example hydrogen ions are pumped against a chemical gradient and then used to power ATP synthase are these hydrogen ions naked protons or are they attached to a water molecule and form hydronium ions?

Hello I have prepared Bradford's reagent using the various protocols found online and also mixed some protocols to get the desired color. I am facing a problem that i want to know the quality of the reagent is right or wrong i want to know whether there are any test ? or some methods to actually check the reagent made in the lab. Kindly let me know Thank you in advance.

hi.im new here.i have a problem in spss how i can add letters to tables and chart to show significant differences? its a bad problem for me.i searech it so much but dont find any thing for this problem.i sen a sample of chart for u. plz help me .thank so much

Harmful effects of rise in antibiotics in food animals ! Really is this true that Harmful effects of rise in antibiotics in food animals can create havoc ?! First of all what are antibiotics? Antibiotics are medicines that help stop infections caused by bacteria. They do this by killing the bacteria or by keeping them from copying themselves. Must read !!! http://interestingbiology.com/harmful-effects-rise-antibiotics-food-animals/

Hey, My professor posted this slide of the nephrone (kidney) but did not go over the labels. I surmise that CT is the Collecting Duct, but I can't figure out what the rest of the labels stand for. Can someone label these for me. I'd greatly appreciate it. Art

Hello everyone I would like to purify the newly synthesized protein by the biotin-streptavidin system, but in the process I have encountered some problems. My strategy was to label the newly synthesized protein in vitro with biotin-puromycin, then bind the labeled protein with streptavidin-beads, and finally elute with 8M guanidine hydrochloride, pH 1.5. After I get the protein, I need to perform iTRAQ. analysis. Question 1. When I detected the biotin-puromycin-labeled protein by western blot, I found that there are many proteins around 40kD. They may bind too many streptavidin-beads during the purification process, causing other proteins to fail to bind to…

Hey so I'm looking for someone or a combination of poeple to help refer a bunch of articles that will take me from the very surface of nuronal understanding to the very cutting edge of brain science also tech to brain intgration progression and science would also be helpful any suggestions are cool with me thanks a bunch also books would be fine as well thanks in advance. P.S. im a newbie to this