beecee

The King and the Fraulein: Incredible !!!!

I do see some distinction between Earth based Abiogenesis and Panspermia which would come under Universal Abiogenesis. My only doubt on your reply is that if Abiogenesis/Universal Abiogenesis is the only scientific answer to how life arose anywhere, I would see it much more then just an hypothesis? That of course would rest on the premise of is there another scientific explanation? Perhaps another technical distinction?

Hmmm Interesting! and good to be back!! I was always under the impression that a scientific theory is science's best explanation of a particular situation, and that as any scientific theory continues over time, to match new observations and make correct predictions, that it does gain in certainty over that time.eg: The discovery of gravitational radiation/waves, further enforced GR as being our best theory of gravity. I can see the method in your madness though. 🙂

I remember also reading that the axial tilt of the Earth is not a fixed quantity, and undergoes very tiny changes [getting less] probably due to tidal gravitational effects...which also explain the Moon moving ever so slightly further away and the Erath's day lengthening. Found this....................... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_tilt extract: Earth currently has an axial tilt of about 23.44°.[8] This value remains about the same relative to a stationary orbital plane throughout the cycles of axial precession.[9] But the ecliptic (i.e., Earth's orbit) moves due to planetary perturbations, and the obliquity of the ecliptic is not a fixed quantity. At present, it is decreasing at a rate of about 47″[10] per century (see details in Short term below).

While certainly lower population densities, it seems that Australia and New Zealand have essentially shown the way with controlling this damn virus. At the present time both NSW and Victoria have a few new [single digits] cases and other states are so far free of any new cases. Victoria went into a total lockdown a couple of months ago and then went 60 odd days without a case. The present single digit numbers have been put down to returning flight crews breaking isolation rules. Sydney has now deemed wearing a face mask as compulsory on public transport and in shopping complexes after a similar small "second wave" of single digit cases. There is and have been talk of creating a "Pacific bubble" with regards to Australia, New Zealand and some Pacific Islands. The Mrs is anxiously looking forward to that time to enable us to visit her family in Fiji. The same type of bubbles have worked successfully with our Rugby League competition that has now concluded without any problem, and continues with the Cricket and the Australia/India tests that are now in progress.

Hi: Nice to be back! I'm going to state a few views I have based on what reputable articles I have read and logical common sense. [1] The process/theory/assumption of Abiogenesis [life from non life] via chemistry is the only scientific answer we have to explain the methodology of how life came to be. [2] Any mythical "answer" relating to ID of any kind is unscientific at best. [3] In saying that at [1] science has yet to learn the exact pathway or methodology as to how Abiogenesis took place. Does [3] in anyway detract from the validity of Abiogenesis? How is Abiogenesis best described? A scientific theory? a scientific assumption? A scientific process? or are all three correct? The theory of the evolution of life is now so well supported that it is indeed a fact, as well as a scientific theory. True or false?

Theories are not guesses. They are best estimates at any specific time, that may or may not change, as technology advances and more data becomes available. Those same theories grow in certainty as they continue to match the observational and experimental data: The theory of evolution of life is actually a fact...other theories such as the BB, SR/GR are overwhelmingly supported. But didn't I explain this to you elsewhere earlier on? Glad to be of further assistance anyway.

GR tells us that when a sufficiently large enough star uses its available fuel, it will go S/Nova and the remnant turn into a BH...GR tells us that this happens because once the Schwarzchild radius is reach [equal to the EH] further collapse is compulsory, at least up to the quantum level where GR fails us. Also the BB is the evolution of space/time/universe from t+10-43 seconds. Anything before that, or anything at and beyond the quantum/Planck level of a BH, can only ever be speculated on. Some of that speculative talk revolves around our BB being the arse end of a BH in another universe, and BH's in our spacetime, leading to ERB's/wormholes and other universes. Wormholes while predicted in the maths of GR have never been realized, and WH's [white holes] are as far as I know, also in the same boat, with even less speculations about their possibilities. Here is an interesting rundown here...... http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/physics/89-the-universe/black-holes-and-quasars/theoretical-questions/425-what-is-a-white-hole-advanced

The worst thing about "free to air TV" in Australia, is the flooding with these idiotic so called "reality" TV shows. They literally make me want to be sick!!

https://phys.org/news/2019-07-moon.html What will it take to live on the moon? With NASA planning to revisit the lunar surface by 2024 and send multiple expeditions by 2028, Rutgers University's Haym Benaroya is optimistic that people will someday live on the moon. Benaroya, a distinguished professor in the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Rutgers University–New Brunswick, has spent most of his career focusing on lunar settlement and space exploration issues. Benaroya, who works in the School of Engineering and wrote "Turning Dust to Gold: Building a Future on the Moon and Mars" and "Building Habitats on the Moon," and specializes in designing structures for extreme environments, discussed the challenges of living on the moon. more at link...................

https://phys.org/news/2019-06-nasa-woman-moon-world.html NASA to land first woman on the moon. 'It would be out of this world.' From 1969 to 1972, six NASA missions named for the Greek god Apollo successfully landed 12 men on the surface of the moon; Neil, "Buzz," two men named Alan, two men named Charles, Edgar, David, James, John, Jack and Eugene. At the time of Neil and Buzz's 1969 moonwalk, Libertyville author and former rocket test engineer Suzanne Slade was 4 years old. She remembers none of it. She does remember three years later, when Eugene and Jack—the last of the men to have walked the moon—made their trip out of earth and back. "It was almost unbelievable," she said. Now, nearly 50 years later, NASA has set out on a mission that would have then been considered even more unbelievable—to land the first woman on the moon. more at link........ ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: The new projected mission will be called "Artemis" the Greek goddess of the Moon and as I have interestingly just found out, Apollo's twin sister...quite appropriate! The other interesting fact is that this projected landing will take place at or near the Lunar South pole...NB: The polar regions of the Moon are conjectured to probably contain surface water ice in craters, due to the negligible Lunar axial tilt and being in permanent "shadow,"

Welcome! Thinking outside the box is admirable, but first one must be familiar with what is inside the box.

Had cause to use the toilet cubicle at my local watering hole yesterday, and there was some graffiti at the bottom of the door which read, "Beware of Limbo Dancers" >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> Three very close Irish brothers while having a beer were discussing one of them who decided to move to Australia....Paddy said to Mick and Sean, the drinking together is what I'm really going to miss. In future why when we are having a beer, don't we always continue to order three beers as we do now. They all agreed this was a wonderful idea! The day came finally when Paddy boarded his plane and left his two brothers at the terminal in tears. Paddy quickly settled down in Sydney and found a nice little watering hole close by. He walked in one day and went up to the bartender and asked for three schooners of beer. The bartender obliged and watched Paddy take them back to an empty table, and slowly drink the three beers. The next day Paddy again did the same thing and continued for the rest of the week....into the Pub, order three schooners and drink them. Finally the bartender's curiosity got the better of him and he asked Paddy one day, "Hey Paddy why do you order three beers all at the same time? Why not one at a time and then they would remain chilled and not get warm and we always have plenty on tap. So Paddy told him about his two brothers in Ireland and how they would continue to order for the one/s that were absent and maintain their custom and closeness. The bartender nodded and wiped a tear from his eye and said, "Ahh that's beautiful Paddy, I understand now" After this daily routine continued for a month or so, the Pub locals got to know Paddy and accepted the rather weird behaviour of ordering three beers at a time. One day however Paddy came in and ordered two schooners. The bartender's jaw dropped and he sadly gave Paddy the two schooners and accepted that Paddy had lost one of his brothers who had passed on. Quickly he decided on a course of action and went around to all the other locals, told them that one of Paddy's brothers had died and took up a collection for their grieving friend. The bartender went across to Paddy and gave him the sizable sum of money to help. Paddy looked bemused and asked, "what's this for?" The bartender sadly explained and offered his condolences for his loss. Paddy looked up and laughed, "No no"he said, "You have it all wrong!" My brothers are all OK...It's me! I've given up drinking!!"

All BH's would at the very least be Kerr type metric, or rotating BH's, due to conservation of energy and momentum from the star from whence it was formed. A Kerr BH also has a sphere called an "ergosphere" as detailed here.....https://www.google.com/search?q=kerr+black+hole+diagram&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=lSxu1ufLsf-szM%3A%2CY1UiMFOQlWaGkM%2C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kSWYrAlQsVhp9bRKjMsZ1Ynpz2HuA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiAo7CV_eniAhXKXCsKHXTYDmIQ9QEwCHoECAMQDg#imgrc=lSxu1ufLsf-szM: It would be theoretically possible to extract energy from the ergopshere region. Also, all BH's have what we call a "photon sphere" a distance at 1.5 Schwarzchild radius at which light/photons would orbit. We, astronomers that is, use the Schwarzchild metric BH, for ease of calculation. The Kerr BH actually has two photon spheres rotating in different directions. As you can probably see, things do get messy with calculations etc. Suffice to say anything that ventures inside the photon sphere will spiral into the BH and be lost. The EH of a BH can be summed up as where the escape velocity equals the speed of light "c", much as the escape velocity of Earth is around 11kms/sec. The other point is that approaching a BH, one would spiral in, following the curvature of spacetime. A BH of course has no surface to speak of and is formed when any mass is squeezed to beyond its Schwarzchild radius...for the Sun, that would be around 3 kms radius or 6 km diameter, noting of course that the Sun can never become a BH. From that point GR tells us that further collapse is compulsory, at least up to the quantum/Planck level where GR even fails us. So in effect a BH is nothing other then critically curved spacetime with a singularity as defined by the failure of GR at the core, where a surface of sorts may exist at or below the quantum/Planck level. A good site for info on BH's of all types can be found at https://jila.colorado.edu/~ajsh/

I bloody well hate this, yet for some reason watched it in its entirety.......

https://phys.org/news/2019-05-nasa-equipment-moon.html MAY 31, 2019 NASA plans to send equipment to Moon from 2020: For the first time since the 1970s, the United States is planning to send equipment to the surface of the Moon in 2020 and 2021, in anticipation of a crewed lunar mission in 2024, NASA said Friday. more at link......

https://www.theverge.com/2019/5/15/18622884/nasa-moon-artemis-program-bridenstine-congress-money-budget extract: "NASA’s first big hurdle is a political one. Over the next few months, the space agency must sell this initiative to Congress, which controls the government’s budget. Lawmakers may like the idea of putting women on the Moon, but they may not want to raid the budgets of other federal programs to help NASA achieve its goal. Plus, Congress has to buy into NASA’s blueprint for this lunar return mission, and lawmakers will be taking a close look at how the space agency plans to get there". So as yet, certainly not a "faite accompli" with regards to any cancellation as yet. Ambitious, yep certainly, but again, if NASA and the USA want to maintain their undoubted superiority in space exploration, then being ambitious is the way to go. Again also I raise the possibility of an International effort. Wouldn't it be great for humanity to focus on such an endeavour, and the obvious benefits for human kind, not only in returning to the Moon, but the next step after that, then the next, and the next. Look at the incredible benefits that have been forthcoming, with the so far "baby steps" that have been taken, with the limited LEO and robotic probes. While I have seen many arguments that question "why should we go back to the Moon", I have seen none that dispute the fact that in time, "we will go back to the Moon". Wouldn't that be a terrible decision for the US lawmakers to make, based on party politics! I see enough of that crap in my own country of late. Trump maybe a few cents short of a dollar, but that is no reason why politicians of other persuasions should not recognise a good thing when they see it, and not like little school children, spit the dummy and say no just to be contrary. Even if Trump's reasons are not what they should be...that is for the advancement of science and not just personal recognition or self interests. https://www.space.com/nasa-lunar-gateway-start-small.html NASA's Grand Plan for a Lunar Gateway Is to Start Small By Mike Wall 3 days ago The space agency had been targeting 2028 for the first post-Apollo crewed lunar landing. But in March, Vice President Mike Pence announced a newly aggressive timeline, pushing the moon shot up four years. To make sure Gateway is ready to go in 2024, NASA will go first with a scaled-down, bare-bones versionconsisting solely of a Power and Propulsion Element (PPE), scheduled to launch in 2022, and a miniature "utilization module." This first incarnation of Gateway will be able to support two-person missions to the lunar surface, NASA officials have said. more at link...... In the meantime I prefer to remain hopeful and optimistic, in recognising the fact that even if the ambitious 2024 return and the Artemis program falls short, it is simply delaying the inevitable, and also leaving the door open for another power to achieve a return to the Moon.

Whether this is government funded, or privately funded, whether the "accelerated" time frame eventuates or not, will not change the fact that a return to the Moon will in time eventuate.

https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-awards-artemis-contract-for-lunar-gateway-power-propulsion May 24, 2019 RELEASE 19-042 NASA Awards Artemis Contract for Lunar Gateway Power, Propulsion: In one of the first steps of the agency’s Artemis lunar exploration plans, NASA announced on Thursday the selection of Maxar Technologies, formerly SSL, in Westminster, Colorado, to develop and demonstrate power, propulsion and communications capabilities for NASA’s lunar Gateway. “The power and propulsion element is the foundation of Gateway and a fine example of how partnerships with U.S. companies can help expedite NASA’s return to the Moon with the first woman and next man by 2024,” said NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine. “It will be the key component upon which we will build our lunar Gateway outpost, the cornerstone of NASA’s sustainable and reusable Artemis exploration architecture on and around the Moon.” more at link......

https://www.universetoday.com/142283/nasa-has-picked-the-companies-thatll-help-build-its-lunar-landers/#more-142283 NASA has Picked the Companies That’ll Help Build its Lunar Landers NASA has chosen 11 American companies to help them build the next lunar landers that will carry humans to the surface of the Moon. The 11 companies will conduct studies and work on prototype landers in the coming years. It’s all part of NASA’s Artemis mission, and the mission’s 2024 date with the surface of the Moon. “Our team is excited to get back to the Moon quickly as possible, and our public/private partnerships to study human landing systems are an important step in that process.” Aerojet Rocketdyne Boeing Blue Origin Lockheed Martin Northrop Grumman Sierra Nevada SpaceX Last week, the timeline for NASA’s Artemis mission to the Moon was moved up by several years, to 2024. That means there’s a lot of work to be done. To help these 11 companies get going on their work, NASA is using what they call undefined contract actions. That allows the companies to begin working while the contract is still being negotiated. Sounds like NASA will lose some leverage, but that’s what you get when politicians step in to dictate a timeline for a complex mission. The undefined contract actions announced by NASA will help the 11 chosen companies get going on the ambitious timeline for Artemis. But NASA still needs the Space Launch System (SLS) and the Orion capsule to make Artemis meet its 2024 goal. And both of those developments have seen delays

Thanks for that update et pet...interesting to say the least. What we can be reasonably certain of though, is that in time, NASA [or someone else] will return to the Moon, and I see that probably as a prelude to eventual boots on Mars. I'm not really interested in the question/s "should we do these things?", the reality is that we will do these things in the course of time.

As an old bastard, and in my day I would have said, get him some appropriate books for his age, which generally tend to make it fun and interactive as you are doing. But in this day of the 21st century with the Internet and such, I'm sure there may be something more attuned to someone born in this age of the Internet.

https://phys.org/news/2019-05-nasa-unveils-artemis-moon-mission.html NASA on Thursday unveiled the calendar for the "Artemis" program that will return astronauts to the Moon for the first time in half a century, including eight scheduled launches and a mini-station in lunar orbit by 2024. The original lunar missions were named for Apollo—Artemis was his twin sister in Greek mythology, and the goddess of hunting, wilderness and the Moon. Administrator Jim Bridenstine confirmed that Artemis 1 will be an uncrewed mission around the Moon planned for 2020. Next will come Artemis 2, which will orbit Earth's satellite with a crew around 2022; followed finally by Artemis 3 that will put astronauts on lunar soil in 2024, including the first woman. The three will be launched into space by the biggest rocket of all time, the Boeing-led Space Launch System (SLS), which is currently under development but has seen numerous delays and has been criticized in some quarters as a bloated jobs program. more at link......

Here is a recent article on that matter........ https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/863/nasa-study-reproduces-origins-of-life-on-ocean-floor/ NASA Study Reproduces Origins of Life on Ocean Floor: Scientists have reproduced in the lab how the ingredients for life could have formed deep in the ocean 4 billion years ago. The results of the new study offer clues to how life started on Earth and where else in the cosmos we might find it. A time-lapse video of a miniature hydrothermal chimney forming in the lab, as it would in early Earth's ocean. Natural vents can continue to form for thousands of years and grow to tens of yards (meters) in height. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Flores Astrobiologist Laurie Barge and her team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, are working to recognize life on other planets by studying the origins of life here on Earth. Their research focuses on how the building blocks of life form in hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor. To re-create hydrothermal vents in the lab, the team made their own miniature seafloors by filling beakers with mixtures that mimic Earth's primordial ocean. These lab-based oceans act as nurseries for amino acids, organic compounds that are essential for life as we know it. Like Lego blocks, amino acids build on one another to form proteins, which make up all living things. more at link.....

Let's lift the tone of this place for a while! May I present an Angel! a Greek Angel! singing an old number from a movie classic, Casablanca: