Chemistry

Does anyone know the best way to derive calcium carbonate out of rock? I found plans for a calcium carbonate reactor at: http://ozreef.org/diy_plans/alkalinity_calcium/calcium_carbonate_reactor.html This site says how we do it on an industrial scale. http://www.solvaypcc.com/safety_environment/0,0,1000044-_EN,00.html I haven't looked for anywhere I could buy it, so for all I know it may be easy to come by right now. But, I'm just wanting to know how I can get it out of rock for use in smokeless gunpowder. I want to know how to get it from scratch so that if society fails I can still make it. I know I can use charcoal, saltpeter, and sulfur to make gunp…

Compounds are 2 or more elements chemically combined, and these also come under the heading of molecules. Molecules are chemical combinations which may involve 2 of the SAME and/ or compounds. So all compounds are all molecules, but not all molecules are compounds. So the oxygen in breathable air is a molecule O2, that is 2 oxygen atoms combined, but it's not a compound Is this right? I'm age 28 but my science level is about that of a 12yo so please keep answers appropriate to a kid! Best GIAN❤️XXX

Is it possible to generate sulfuric acid from sodium sulfate without special membranes or special processes? The first thing that comes to mind is similar to using clay pots as one would with magnesium sulfate. Would something similar work for sodium sulfate? if possible, what if one fills both compartments with the sodium sulfate. would one also generate sodium hydroxide at the same time? Could any sort of practical concentrations be achieved? How long would the process take?

Thermal paste white used in PCs or other electronic devices, does it have a set expiration date? I have a PS2 Slim 90000 console that I received as a gift and it has some thermal paste between the processor and the metal plate, is it necessary to remove it? I use the console once or twice a year for two hours

Hi! I am working on an examination lab, where I investigate how different salts and acids affect the coagulation of egg-white. Listed are the chemicals being used: AgNO3 CuSO4*5H2O NaCl Mg(NO3)2 HCl (The discussion is relevant for the salts only, since that's how far I've gotten, but if you have input on the acid as well, feel free to disclose 🙂) What I've done is prepare stock solutions for 1,0 M of each salt and then dilute them in a solution of 0,025 dm3 with the concentrations being: 0,1 M 0,16 M 0,22 M 0,28 M 0,34 M It's lead to some pretty cool results, where the copper and silver solutions have coagula…

100% polyester white fabric is a slightly transparent fabric. Does this fabric provide good protection to prevent plastic and rubber from drying out and breaking in electronic devices? Is the sunlight that dries out plastic and rubber in electronic devices any light, even indirect light that is deflected and enters homes?

Since I saw the good Dr. David Nutt state that any amount of alcohol is toxic and that there is no safe amount it made me shun it in every form. Not that I was a drinker before that, having hated it for years, but it made me think of those foods which may contain it in small quantities. I read that even the smallest amount can have effects for up to 30 years before you would turn to none alcohol exposure equivalent status, similar to smoking. As such is it rational to avoid foods that contain only incidental trace amounts as byproducts? Vinegar has a little doesn't it, since it is made from wine? I do love salt and vinegar snacks but have generally stuck to…

I have 11.5kg (25 pounds) of 99.99% Gallium. Anyone maybe has a use for it and wants to buy some of it? Looking to rid myself of it all, as I bought a land with a lab on it and I'm clearing house to buy a tractor and a cow!

Most electronic devices use ABS plastic. How many years does this plastic and rubber in these devices have to wait before they decompose, dry out and become brittle? Is it possible to prevent this? I have electronic devices stored in shoe boxes use once year my home temperature varies 33-35C

When storing electronic devices that use CR2032 batteries for a long time, is there a risk that the battery will leak and corrode the PCB? Does this type of battery undergo chemical reactions and changes?

Can Singer oil be used to lubricate the optical unit of a PS 2 Slim 900000 or will it damage metal, plastic and rubber? The composition of this oil is: Mineral oils from paraffinic petroleum. I have this oil at home

Hello All! I'm new, first post, unless I missed it I didn't see an O-fficial intro section. Anyways,,, I love forums, the community of it, shared info, supporting and I have grown to depend on them. Porsche forums, Jaguar forums, plumbing, motorcycle, woodworking, HVAC, solar on and on and on. I was a pre-med chem major a million years ago. My fiancee and I just purchased a big ol Victorian/Colonial Home in Staten Island NY and ,,, well that's what this is about. I can easily say that on over 900 feet of trim, molding and crown there is no less than 1000 feet of surface that has no less than 7-8 coats of old paint, the deepest of which might be 100yrs old. …

I have a 2.5" hard drive enclosure case and it contains an EVA sponge. As the material ages, does this sponge melt and stick to the HDD? Does this sponge on the bottom of the case press and damage the HDD's flat cable?

Hi, to begin with, I am a bit of a chemistry noob. But I came across this YouTube video from a channel called SciShow explaining the 5 most dangerous chemicals. In short these are the 5 chemicals listed in the video and why. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ckSoDW2-wrc&ab_channel=SciShow In short the video lists these 5 and the reasons behind it: ”Germany, 1939. In a secret bunker on the German-Polish border, Nazi agents were experimenting with a deadly chemical they named Substanz N. This chemical was extremely dangerous, boiling upon exposure to air, exploding upon contact with water, and releasing lethal hydrofluoric acid when decomposed. The Nazis pl…

After a long hiatus, I am using Cary spectrophotometers again. I am struggling to find the best way to export just a spectrum electronically, especially an electronic format that could be imported into a Word document. As a work-around, I used Microsoft's Snip and Sketch tool (not sure that this is the correct name) to make .jpg or .png files, but this is an imperfect solution. When I tried to export the Report as a .pdf file, I obtained the spectrum plus parameters, and for right now, it is just the spectrum that I want. I tried two other formats, .DSW and .RTF, but I was not successful. The details escape me at the moment, but I will try to return to this question …

Hi. Is it safe to assume these products typically calling for 21% alcohol in the ingredients label to be ethanol and not methanol or other, even when not intended to ingest ?

Hello. Liquids and liquid electrolytes of many compositions have more or less electrical conductivity. Is the conductivity preserved if the electrolyte freezes ? -Say for a simple solution of sodium chloride-

Which chemical compound in cream or ointment is good for restoring pigmentation anywhere on the body?

I have seen ozone mentioned in various contexts when researching off grid living. Some when discussing how all engines create it and it gives off a distinctive smell. From all industrial engines down to the model railway sets. I was told the sweet smell of the railway sets is ozone. Another is that when I wanted to stop mold in my van I was advised to use an ozone generator. The latest I have seen is to be used for water purification. I have been assured that this is based on established and proper science not hocus pocus but I can't help but get the feeling it sounds like 'phlogeston' or the 'humours' or other pseudoscientific theories of old. Th…

As per my previous thread about a stove my venture into living in a van full time has been a great education in self-sufficiency. As such I have to do commonly taken for granted tasks myself, even those thought of as less desirable as per the title. If I am out in the wilds with no one nearby then it is no problem to bury my waste, making sure to use bio degradable bags to hold it, and let nature take its course. I am often not in nature though. The common advice in the vanlife community is that you can just dump it in any public trash bin since that is where baby nappies (diapers for you americans) go as well as dog poop bags. Although I have done…

To prepare bread dough, I mix flour and water. They say that water hydrates starch and protein molecules in the dough... What this 'hydrating' mean at the molecular level? I am imagining that water molecules make short-lived bounds with large dough molecules (carbohydrates and proteins). If so, does it mean that those bounds (between water and large molecules) are stronger and longer-lived than bounds between water molecules themselves? What is the thickness of this bound water layer - is it one molecule thick? There is also free (unbound / bulk) water in the dough. I imagine there is some sort of equilibrium between bound and unbound water - that is, you cannot…

I've selected protease as the optimal enzyme for eliminating gluten formed from flour. Could you please provide insights on the best enzyme for removing gluten, dosing methods, and how to identify the suitable enzyme variant given that proteases have diverse types? This information is essential for my project aimed at resolving pipeline blockages induced by gluten from flour in the food industry using enzymes.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/mar/13/japan-cat-toxic-chemical-vat-fukuyama-nomura-plating-metal-plant It could be the opening scene from a new Marvel film. Residents of a Japanese city have been warned not to approach or touch a missing cat that appears to have fallen into a vat of toxic chemicals before scampering off. The search for the unlucky feline began after an employee of a metal plating plant in Fukuyama, western Japan, arrived at work to find a trail of yellowy-brown paw prints leading away from a container of hexavalent chromium, a highly acidic carcinogen. Touching the chemical can cause skin inflammation and inhaling it can lead to res…

Could you tell me whether my understanding here is correct: In order for something to affect the pH of a solution, it needs to dissociate. Non-electrolytes do not dissociate in water and would therefore not affect its pH. Would they, however, dissociate in gastric juice?

hi, can someone explain please whether there are steady metals. The property I look for is about being steady across (nuclear) radiation,too. but as this issue does not fall inside the areas of my interests, I think i can easily make some mistakes. if this is a case, I kindly request the correction and understanding. Thanks