Sensei

That depends on what you do. I am using e as elementary charge everyday, to go from Joules to eV unit and reverse.. e as Euler number is used while calculating decay rate using mean-life, f.e.

I was watching tv document about some South Indian tribe. One guy was complaining that now their children are going to school and teaching nothing useful. Complained about learning counting, learning letters and how to read ("where is bookstore in jungle?") He said that when he was young his father taught him how to fish, how to hunt, build house from wood and leafs.. Now his kids don't know how to survive in jungle..

Do you feel heat on face when going outside in sunny day or while sunbathing.. ? That are billions of billions photons per second hitting your body, and increasing temperature of your atoms.. Increase of temperature is detected by nerve cells and informing brain about it. Put hand to strong laser > 1 W, and it will burn your body - large quantity of photons per small area unit per second will heat your body, and brain will be informed about damage, causing alarm, and reaction "run away". Continuous spectrum = infinite energy = black body/ultraviolet catastrophe.. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet_catastrophe Average visible photon has wavelength ~532 nm so energy of such photon is h*c/wavelength = 6.62607e-34 * 299792458 / 532e-9 = 3.73e-019 J Sun is emitting at Zenith 1050 J/s of energy per m^2 (at least such amount is reaching ground at max). (I am simplifying calcs to not take care of UV/IR/MW - let's hypothetically assume the all is from visible spectrum) 1050 J / 3.73e-019 J = ~ 2.8e+21 photons per m^2 per second. That's average 2812 photons per 1 nm^2 per second of your face. More photons per area unit per second = more total energy = solid materials are melting, liquids are turning to gas, and in extreme situation gas is ionized (f.e. explosion of nuclear weapon, creates plasma inside). (and it can be used to cutting metals or other materials in laser cutting machines ) Some of these photons are absorbed, some are reflected (therefore other people can see you in day light), others are refracted. If your cloth is black, you feel hot, black surface is good visible photons absorber. while wearing white cloth, you feel better at summer, visible photons are reflected.

It must be language barrier.. For me "work like radio receiver", is not the same as "work as radio receiver". "Because the underlying physics are the same... electromagnetic fields, for both sunlight" Sunlight is visible light. The "problem" with "working solar panel like radio receiver" (but for visible spectrum) is such that we WANT to get energy from photons with as wide as possible range. Limiting to just f.e. 650 nm +-10 nm would decrease output power from such device.. Radio receiver is receiving at wide range of wavelength - but it's electronics inside fine tunning to specific frequency (they overlap with all others).

But solar panels generate electricity. Your setup is just heating water. For now you can use it to make a cup of tea or coffee in 6 minutes or so.

Enthalpy, please reread his comment (post #20).. He didn't want solar panels to work with radiowaves frequencies..

That depends on how to interpret passing through transparent medium with refractive index > 1.0.. If you will use beam splitter, one laser beam pass through air/vacuum, other one through container with f.e. water or other transparent fluid. Photons from the second one will arrive later..

Lorentz transformation is designed for particles that have rest mass.. This message went through fiber wire on the bottom of ocean, with speed of light... You can take fiber wires with lengths 1 km, 10 km, 100 km, and emit light to them from the same source, and calculate delay on other end of fiber wire. You can send photons to satellite far away in cosmos, and measure delay of reply. And it'll be t=2*distance/c

To heat 1 gram of water for 1 C, you need to use approximately 4.1855 J energy (XIX century calorie unit) So for 0.8 L it's ~800 grams (better measure mass, it'll be more precise than measuring volume) = 800 * 4.1855 J = 3348.4 J needed for 1 C increase. If it takes your device 13 seconds to receive such increase in temperature of water, divide it by time: 3348.4 J / 13 s = 257 W (= 257 J/s) No. As you can read on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight it's max 1050 W/m^2 at Zenith. Your Fresnel lens have area 0.4731 m^2 0.4731 m^2 * 1050 W/m^2 = 496 W Receiving 257 W from max 496 W possible is not bad result IMHO for home made experiment. (and we don't know at what hour you did experiment). Fix video subtitles.. If I were you I would surround water container by mirrors from all sides (buy little aquarium and cut mirrors perfectly to match its borders), and leave just little hole on top for incoming light from Fresnel lens. You might also consider using vacuum flask, or surround it by Styrofoam.

See in how many equations there is used h. You can reverse these equations. It's basic mathematics - searching for unknown y, when there is known x... y=f(x) Plug x to equation, and solve it, and you have y calculated. But in pure math, values are usually meaningless. While in physics, they're measured quantities from real world. E=h*c/wavelength so after reversing equation we're receiving: h=E*wavelength/c E = Q*U Q=I*t so E=I*t*U so you have h=I*t*U*wavelength/c I - current from ampere meter U - voltage from voltmeter t - time from stopper c - constant, but can be measured in experiment wavelength - can be measured using optics equations.. For single electron Q=e, so equation simplifies to: h=e*U*wavelength/c When U is less than 1.9 V, and wavelength is 650 nm, red LED won't emit light. If it's higher it's emitting light. Similar for green,blue,ultraviolet diodes, but different voltages U will be needed.

Of course there is many ways to calculate h, or any other physical constant.. That's how we verify whether it's correctly calculated - checking it different method. In post #5 I gave you a way to measure it and calculate using electronic circuit, with just a couple instruments like voltage meter, ampere meter, stopper, with just a few equations.. h is derived from kinetic energy of electron needed to emit photon with well known energy/wavelength.. Instead of discussion how to make experiment we're again talking about some basic things unrelated to subject..

Iwonderaboutthings, e is elementary charge when it is usually used in physics equation. e inside of value f.e. 1e6 = 1000000 is exponent in Scientific notation.. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_notation e (equal to 2.71828....) is Euler number http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_%28mathematical_constant%29 Used mostly in mathematics. Three completely unrelated usages of 'e'.... You HAVE TO know which one is used at the moment.. Every scientists know it from context of equation.

Where did you see p for position? p is momentum in physics.. position is x

I think you oversimplified this. In 1980 we had free access to hardware registers. And any program could do whatever machine allowed. Now that's job of operating system to talk to hardware. And regular programs have forbidden direct access to hardware.. You have to use OS functions to draw pixel on screen. You can't just set bit in bitplane.. This approach is required because different computers have completely different hardware, that program have no idea about.. Some people use linkable libraries for everything, usually beginners. Some people have to use linkable libraries, or dynamic libraries, because their internals are licensed, and if you would include it in your code, you could be accused of stealing.. So the same is nowadays..

There is known a couple exotic atoms existing for a short time. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotic_atom Positron coupling with electron: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positronium Muon- orbiting around nucleus/proton: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muonium Antiproton orbiting around Helium-4 nucleus: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiprotonic_helium

Right. But you have to remember that e is Euler number, not e elementary charge. So in our case it's (what we were talking about in #5 post): https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#q=h*c%2F650e-9%2Felementary+charge

Typical program is made of many, perhaps even hundreds, or thousands separate source files. Each source file is compiled to separate temporary object file. Then object files are linked together. If you will make change to one source file, out of thousands, compilation will finish in second. As only one OBJ file must be recompiled. Analogy might be building house from bricks - if one bricks has to be replaced because it's broken, you don't need to destroy whole house and start from scratch.. In reality it depends on particular case. If OBJ has f.e. class, and we're adding new methods or members to that class (so actually doing changes to .h header file), and it's widely used by whole application, then whole application must be recompiled. But if we would be fixing already existing method of class (so changing .cpp file), that has not been inlined, recompilation of whole project wouldn't be needed.

Perhaps. These values are very small, and some broken calculators might be doing calcs wrong.. No.. You are using wrong constant values. These results are also incorrect. Enter correct constants to OpenOffice Spread Sheet and you will get this: h * c = 6.62607e-34 * 299792458 = 1.9864e-25 1.9864e-25 / 650e-9 = 3.056e-19

~18 u is mass of H2O ~16 u is mass of O ~1.0078 u is mass of H 1+1+16=18 This ratio is obtained from electrolysis experiment in early XIX century. During electrolysis water in liquid state is split to Hydrogen gas and Oxygen gas. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis_of_water

Nothing. It's just a number. Planck const in electron volt units is 4.135667*10^-15 eV*s After normalization of some units to 1, you would get other answers.. You're writing wrong again. You can't write 6.24*10e18, it should be 6.24*10^18 or 6.24e18 or 6.24e+18 When there is 10 to power x, you don't use "e". f.e. 1e3 or 10^3 or 1000

f.e. 12 grams of pure Carbon is 6.022141*10^23 Carbon-12 isotope atoms. So if you have 1 kg of Carbon, you have 1000 / 12 = 83.333(3) mol which is 5.018451*10^25 atoms of carbon. At websites of different isotopes, different elements, different chemical molecules, you can read about their mass in unit, f.e. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_beryllium See column named "isotopic mass (u)" f.e. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_chloride on the right you have table with row "Molar mass 58.44 g mol−1" g/mol is used by chemists, while is used by physicists. Mass of complex chemical molecule is pretty much sum of masses of atoms it's made of. H2O has 18 u = 18 g/mol = 1u + 1u + 16u (1u is approximately mass of one Hydrogen atom, and 16u is approximately mass of one Oxygen atom) if you have 1 kg of water it's approximately 1000 / 18 = 55.555(5) mol = 3.3456*10^25 molecules of water. Elements have not fully integer masses in u unit like f.e. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorine because typical atom has different amount of isotopes, which vary masses. Chlorine-35 isotope has mass 34.96885268 u (approximatelly 35 u) Chlorine-37 isotope has mass 36.96590259 u (approximatelly 37 u) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_chlorine Cl-35 has ~76% abundance, but Cl-37 has ~24% abundance, 34.96885268 * 0.7576 + 36.96590259 * 0.2424 = 35.4529375782 on website you can read average mass of Chlorine 35.45 g/mol (pretty close to above, isn't?)

void main( void ) { *( (unsigned int *) 0 ) = 0; } Compile and run above code... That depends on what kind of errors we're talking: about typos or real errors made by programmer..

Annihilation is process in which matter is converted to photons... For proton-antiproton annihilation might be much more complicated. p+ + p- -> pion0 + pion0 + pion0 or p+ + p- -> pion+ + pion- or p+ + p- -> kaon+ + kaon- (up to 9 mesons were observed in p+p- annihilation, with theoretical 13 mesons possible) pion0 typical decay mode is 2 gamma photons.

Your other thread was blocked because you posted it twice. Only one thread about one subject is allowed here. Such threads belongs to homework section not this one.

Because real scientists are describing observable phenomenons, not imaginary.. If I will make theory for something that I have no way to prove or disprove using currently existing experiments, it'll remain unnoticed (or forgotten) until somebody accidentally will find out experiment a few hundred years later which matches my theory.. I showed experiment how to calculate gravity at home in this thread http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/84336-if-pi-ratio-was-squared-and-98-mss-how-would-this-change-the-whole-of-science/?p=815752 Currently you don't have alternative experiment for antigravity to perform.