Function

It was identified in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley laboratory rats in '69: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4388727 However, multiple sources to identify the S. pneumoniae as a human-specific Streptococcus. E.g. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26095827 Yet ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24517022 And then there's the primates https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23505710 So I think it might be zoonotic, but that it's not as close as interesting for it to act zoonotic as if it were solely humane.

Since studiot drops a forum name: StackExchange is a platform I have some good experience with, too (though users tend to be more abrupt and direct, not seldomly at the expense of good communication ....) Now, you don't just go and throw around all your questions on StackExchange: it's pretty well organized: you can create your general account there, but if you'd want to ask something about chemistry, you'd have to go to the specific chemistry page of stackexchange (chemistry.stackexchange.com), and "re-make" your account there. It'll just syncrhonize with your StackExchange account, I think ... Ah well, every domain has its own site so beware of posting your questions to the right section. Major advantage: usually incredibly quick response Major disadvantage: you're a number and nothing but a number there. Here, I'm Function. A Belgian medicine student known well by quite some users I know myself quite well. In StackExchange, I'm the I-don't-know-how-many-thousanth-user with just another lame question. Edit: ooh, that's #600.

That's exactly how exactly every single student thinks about the upcoming exam. Tbh, it doesn't interest any of us, memorizing this useless crap we'll forget in about a few days.

We actually came to the conclusion that open access journals are generally spoken just better. Some societies will indeed just publish anything in their journals for money, which thus doesn't only cost money, but also quality.

Indeed. My professor in genetics was talking about "dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy". He said "if you can pronounce this, well ... You don't have it." To someone who's already been through neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, remembering the term would be easy and explaining what it means would require some effort: just remember what the dentate & red nucleus do, the globus pallidus and the subthalamic nucleus of Luys. To someone who hasn't ever had neuroanatomy or neurophysiology, it would be a lot more difficult.

That reminds me of another phenomenon I'd like to discuss: When every name of every muscle, artery, bone isn't the main thing to memorize, but rather more detailed work (e.g. all ridges, bumps etc. on every bone, every origin, insertion, working mechanism and innervation of every muscle, topographic anatomy of arteries, ...), then memorizing the names of the structures requires no effort at all. At least, not with me: studying osteology, I had no problem whatsoever naming every bone wherever in the human body, but the most intensive part about osteology was naming every inegality on the bones. Is that because you repeat the name of the structure incredibly much in order to get to know and go throug the details?

Is this an incognito bump?

In Belgium, we are obligated to learn the Latin terminology and it helps. Learning anatomy and physiology was never a problem; rather than just memorizing, it had something logical. But now, with an exam impending about "Environment and health", "Health economics", "Occupational medicine", "Public health" and "Health and human rights", there's quite the lists to memorize. But yeah for about every list, I figured a mnemonic.

Well it was intended to be ironic, but be my guest if it arrived sarcastically - I found it rather obvious that air purifiers would purify air. But I know, I might've been a bit quick in my conclusions. What's in a name after all, dear String ... Charged ions; learned something new. Thanks

Small sidenote: I know nothing about air purifiers

Do air purifiers purify air? Gee ...

This just made my day. As far as I'm aware of, photosynthesis can't purify your air.

The difference between HLA-A/B/C is not clear to me, but I also don't feel the need to understand it; it's probably quite irrelevant. Same probably goes for HLA-DQ/DR HLA coded by MHC type I (that is, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-E being the most important ones) are HLA-proteins presenting intracellular (that is, non-vesicular) particles (only proteins) to CD8+ T-lymphocytes (cytotoxic T "killer cells") HLA coded by MHC type II (that is, HLA-DR, HLA-DQ being the most important ones) are HLA proteins presenting vesicular particles (again, only proteins) to CD4+ T-lymphocytes (T "helper cells": Th1, Th2, Th17, THF, Treg) --- Reason why I put some emphasis on "only proteins" is because B-cell receptors (immunoglobulins, Ig; and antibodies, Ab, which basically are excreted Igs) can, proteins aside, also bind saccharides

Ah so that was the problem of the OP. Seems like I totally didn't get the problem. Forget about the HLA thing then

I might be wrong, but could it mean different haplotypes per gene (set)? I mean, I'm looking at the peak at chromosome 6, and if I'm not mistaken, that's where HLA comes in (long story short: HLA is an important family of proteins presenting antigens to CD4+/CD8+ T-lymphocytes (MHC class II type HLA (DR, DQ) and MHC class I type HLA (A, B, C, E are the most important ones), respectively. (If you're wondering: MHC = major histocompatibility complex; the complex of genes on Cx6 of which transcription and subsequent translation results in HLA) Now, you have to know, that there are much subtypes of HLA. Every single person has a full set of HLA-proteins, and can express 2 types of HLA-A, 2 types of HLA-B, ..., 2 types of HLA-DR, 2 types of HLA-DQ, ... Why 2 types? Your mother and father have 2 different types themselves, and then there's you, resulting from a combination of 2 of those 4 subtypes. With subtype, I mean e.g. HLA-DR*0401, HLA-A2 (with different subtypes *020X with X being another number) ... I'm not sure whether I should speak of haplotypes, allotypes, ..., because we've never gotten these terms explained well ... While we're at it: could someone explain allotype, haplotype? Well, altogether: there are about 15 000 possible HLA-subtypes. I think that's responsible for the peak. And I think the highest point you see there, is a subtype of HLA-A2. If I'm not mistaken, (a subtype of) HLA-A2 is present in about 50% of the population. An specific example: people who carry a copy of HLA-DR4 with a specific amino acid configuration (L67,Q70,K/R71 instead of e.g. I67,D70,E71) are at higher risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (the specific HLA-DR4 subtype is capable of presenting citrullinated proteins - which happen to pop up in every single one of us - to CD4+ T-lympho's, inducing the whole cellular inflammation cascade), though other factors need to be present as well (PTPN22-deficit: the phosphatase won't be able to nib phosphate off of the T-cell receptors (type Trk), leaving it constitutively active for HLA-DR4) So I think the reason why there's so many variation in number of Y-axis-units here, is the possibility of variation in the presentation of the proteins for which the genes depicted code

I could, but I'm not sure I'm allowed to target 1 person. And I wouldn't want to; answering questions here should be completely voluntarily and free of any pressure. Mentioning someone is already quite the pressure.

I'd love to, but I'm not qualified anyway. Don't know any word that's written there, sorry. I was yammering about formalities.

Is it graded? Wouldn't that then count as fraud? And that doesn't work here that way. Show us what you already know on the subject and your own shots at having given it a try.

Amount of protein? Same as humans, I think ... Electrophoresis of serum proteins

Bienvenu! Make yourself at home

(1) How were you planning to extract your own neurons? (2) If not: impossible to make them out of stem cells; I'm afraid you would not have the appropriate knowledge of recoding stem cells in omnipotent germ line cells, let alone make them differntiate into neur(on)al tissue (3) Only way I can think of is by you hurting yourself. Don't. It's not worth it. Whatever you try to do probably already has been done. (4) You can't grow neurons from neurons. Neurons don't divide. You have the repertory in your brain and that's it. And if neurons die, which will most obviously happen when you try to extract them from your own body, you can't revive them. (5) Don't even think of extracting hippocampal neurons from your own brain (reading this sentence does make that a contradictio in terminis; but you get the point).

Magic Or an embryo. Or equivalent stem cells. You asking if it is legal is basically an argument for me to answer with "not for you, it isn't".

Depends on where you live .. I could give you tons of site for equipment when you live in Belgium, for instance, but I won't be able to if you live in the US