Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Hi all, I'm a molecular biologist who is worried about exposure to chemicals in spite of taking safety measures. Particularly, I worry about being exposed to chloroform and methanol. Perhaps those of you who work with these chemicals or are knowledgeable can enlighten me. Right now I went down a spiral of scary studies and MSDS warnings and I'm truly freaking out. I used to work with small amounts of chloroform (about half a ml) placed on cotton. Even though I performed the experiment in the fume hood, which takes about a few minutes, I disposed the cotton outside the fume hood after I'm done. My supervisor suggested that I let the chloroform evaporate first, an…

Hello, dear scientists! Since I have been taking fairly large doses of neuroleptics for several years, neurotoxins have accumulated in my brain, and I also read in official sources like wikipedia that neuroleptics also destroy brain cells. According to the data I know (I cannot say for sure from how reliable sources they are obtained, therefore I ask you), colloidal gold gives such effects as improving communication between brain cells, repairing neurons and cleaning brain cells from neurotoxins. As for colloidal gold's side effects - including in Russia (in 2012), studies were conducted on mice, which proved that this substance can cause infertility in male mice. Howev…

Hello I am Alan I have big problem with understanding of cells. There are animal cells and plant cells. I biology I have learned that animal cells contain: Mitochondria Cytoplasm Ribosomes Nucleus Cell membrane Now I know that there is Golgi apparatus Smooth er Rough er Centrosome Vacuole Cytoskeleton So how I am supposed to know which organelles should be included in my animal cell, there are so many animal cell diagrams in inrternet. Each of them labled differently. And there is also no such thing as animal cell. In a way that animal is not made from just one type of cell. My question is…

Hello, in the sentence "insulin stimulates the activity of a phosphoprotein phosphatase that catalyzes removal of the phosphoryl group from the bifunctional protein PFK-2/FBPase-2", the word "stimulates" means that insulin enhances transcription and translation of the phosphoprotein phosphatase or that the signalling pathway activated by insulin stimulates a phosphoprotein phosphatase which is already present in the cytoplasm? Thanks in advance!

Hello, is it formally correct to state that anaerobic glycolysis is the exact same thing as fermentation? For example, if I write "In human cells anaerobic glycolysis, starting from one molecule of glucose, gives two molecules of lactate", can I substitute "anaerobic glycolysis" with "lactic acid fermentation"? Thanks in advance!

Is it possible to apply hydrophilic polymer such as alginate to dry skin? I know it is used as mask. But does this capture moisture and maintain humidity around it?

Not sure if my question fits here, but hi, i'm a student currently taking up a project on producing bacterial cellulose from rotten fruit waste. Does anyone have advice on how to prove that the cellulose formed by the Acetobacter Xylinum is indeed bacterial cellulose? My team has difficulty finding an easy method to prove this point. HPLC column is not available for us. Many thanks in advance.

Hello, I'd like to determine the standard free energy for aerobic glycolysis (from glucose to pyruvate). My question is: in order to do it, can I sum the standard free energy values of the 10 reactions involved in the pathway, multiplying by two the standard free energies for the reactions of the harvesting phase? Is it a good method? Am I doing something wrong? Thanks in advance.

Hi to all researchers. We have 2 problems in our lab. First is there any researcher made granulosa cell culture? We could not culture cells than 15 days. Second we saw unidentified attached or swimming geometric objects. (in pictures) Can anyone identidy theese structures? Thanks for your helps...

Hi, In a recent cool advance that made mainstream news, Cambridge researchers were able to improve efficiency of artificial photosynthesis and use hydrogenase from algae to store energy as H2. I’m wondering how does the photosynthesis equation change here. The original one is 6H2O + 6CO2 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2. What is it in this case? Here’s link to Science Daily article on this: bit.ly/2Q2AhpV And here’s link to actual article abstract: https://go.nature.com/2CiuSb Thx, Noopdeloop

Hello, could someone explain me where the energy for the movement of the enzyme DNA polymerase along the DNA comes from? I was thinking about the fact that nucleotides are added as deoxyribonucleosides triphosphates, so this energy could come from the elimination of the pyrophosphate group, but I'm not sure because energy is also required to form the phosphodiester bond, so I don't know if we have enough to power both bond formation and enzyme movement. Thanks in advance!

Hello, I was wondering if there is a difference between the value of deltaG° and deltaG°' (with the apex; referring to pH=7 and [Mg2+]=1mM) for a given reaction. For example, the reaction ATP + H2O = ADP + Pi has a deltaG°' of -30.5 kJ/mol (Lehninger), but what is the value of deltaG° for this reaction? Thanks in advance!

I am looking for partnership to conduct research in African setting.Any leads will be appreciated.Topic to be discussed later.

lets say i have data from IN SITU from about ~3000 cells with expressionn of 84 genes (expression between 0-1) , and i want to compare it to data from scRNA-seq for the same 84 genes but this time its from ~1000 cells (expression between 0-10). after i analyzed it and imputed the data with MAGIC , now i want to compare the data i have from the magic_dge with the IN-SITU , but i cant think of a way comparing the data from these 2 methods. help.

I have been fighting a fungal infection and need feedback on what I am seeing on camera. Please message me as to I think this might could be very interesting to share. I have video and lots of information as to what I have been seeing. Please take interest and comment and I will send links for video

Hi, I think I have heard that the liver can only store fructose and the muscles can only use glucose (to make glucagon). Is this true? What happens then if the muscle needs energy and you only consume fructose? Will no glucagon get stored in the muscles then? I have also heard that fructose can get converted to glucose. Can someone please explain? I am confused.

Hi, I have heard that when you have consumed protein, but no muscle cells (for example) need it, the protein is stored as fat. But if you excersie like an hour after you eat, will that protein get stored as fat because the muscles didn't need to repair then, or is it still in the blood ready for the muscles to repair after the excersie?

Hello, I am studying the allosteric modulation of enzymatic activity and, in the section that deals with cooperativity, my book mentions Hill's equation: I had already learnt about this equation when studying the cooperative binding of oxygen to haemoglobin, but now I'm finding some difficulties relating this equation to enzymes. So, my question is: what is the final form of Hill's equation for enzymes and what are the steps (at least the first ones) we have to follow to get the equation? Thanks in advance

Hi. As a part of my project i was asked to design taqman probe. can anybody tell what is the minimal number of Nucleotides that should be in taqman probe? thank you alot.

Also is there a link between high bone density and having more muscular tissue? Which ethnic group has highest bone density? I read on Google someone saying it is Africans who have higher bone density than Europeans in general and Asians have the lowest bone density. I think I also saw on Google that Polynesian peoples bones are 20% more dense than European bones. So who is it out of Africans and Polynesians?

Hi everyone, I'm not sure if this is the right forum for this type of question (please give me your recommendations if I'm wrong), but here we go. I work in a lab and we sometimes perform this single cell microscopy assay, where yeast cells are spread on a micro-array after being incubated with both a potentially fungicidal agent and a substance to mark dead cells. The micro-array with the cells on it is visualized through a microscope while a laser shines on it. Like this, dead cells will light up thanks to a fluorescent marker agent (called PI if I'm not mistaking) and the magnified image of the entire micro-array is displayed on a computer screen. Phot…

Short question: Just studying prokaryotic genomes and read about prophages but saw them elsewhere referred to as cryptic prophages. Are they the same thing? If not, what is the difference between them? Thank you.

Hello, I'm Max Knot from LEAD Innovation in Vienna/Austria and we are involved in an innovation project „Prediction of solution stability" with Boehringer Ingelheim, one of the largest companies in the pharmaceutical industry. We are holding a workshop on 18 - 19 January 2019 in Vienna, in which we want to develop new ideas and we are looking for experts from the field of MOLECULAR BIOLOGY. The aim of this workshop is to develop an innovative method that can make long-term predictions in a very short observation period. Our client Boehringer Ingelheim is currently working on this challenge. If someone is interested to work with us, please write me an e-ma…

Hi guys... What is the best biochemistry book in your opinion? and why?

Hello I am Alan I have big problem with understanding of cells. There are animal cells and plant cells. I biology I have learned that animal cells contain: Mitochondria Cytoplasm Ribosomes Nucleus Cell membrane Now I know that there is Golgi apparatus Smooth er Rough er Centrosome Vacuole Cytoskeleton So how I am supposed to know which organelles should be included in my animal cell, there are so many animal cell diagrams in inrternet. Each of them labled differently. And there is also no such thing as animal cell. In a way that animal is not made from just one type of cell. My question is…