studiot

Marvellous insight +1. I wish you would spread that insight around the teaching profession and the youngsters of today as it doesn't only apply to the old and decrepit. There really are few if any short cuts.

I rather think both the claims about WWI and WWII lie on very shaky ground indeed. But I do not want to stray very far from the OP.

In which case I apologise to you. There was definitely a red demerit when I posted just after you. So I cancelled it out. Shows how easy it is to mistakenly assume things.

There are two sorts of mathematics available and both are used by the military for the purpose of predicting the likelyhood of not only war but also the outcome of various responses. The mathematics of game theory. The mathematics of Bayesian statistics. In respect of your question about Gaza, that war has been going on for nearly 3 thousand years. At one time Israel was not only at war with the then people of Gaza (part of Philistia) but also with itself so that it was divided into two kingdoms. Israel and Judea.

I see your point, pinball. But does this really deserve a demerit ? deema please try to organise your posts a bit better. However I do see what you are driving at. The thing is that 'logic' is abstract so it has no physical existence. But yes we can discuss your proposal philosophically (it does not deserve the status of a theory), bearing in mind that abstract nature of logic I referred to. What you are asking is akin to the age old question "What is the sound of one hand clapping ?" or "If a tree falls in the forest where there is no one there to hear it, does it make a sound ?"

to others.There more correspondence and symmetry to be discovered it's not like we are at end of the world..once we accept to come out of fear mongering echoes filled cocoon, problems like yang-mills mass gap issues can be easily deciphered ....they is nothing wrong with intuition as long as you are not doing magic,provided intuition is followed by scientific explanations...once person intuition can be different to another person intuition..if person is able to use his intuition well and good. Can I ask for more detail ? I see a lot of your posts that contian a grain of truth wrapped up in a banana skin, so the whole package is not only too short but unintelligable to others.

Looks to me as if you are having Oxford Don fireside discussions with your son. All power to your elbow. History and comparative history is an interesting subject. But it is an incredibly vast and complex subject. So I ask what the focus of this thread is please? UK, US, or French or German constitutions ? A couple of comments. Whilst looking at Trump's antics, perhaps you should also look at Putin's. The disinformation being fed to the Russian people is classic. This is also what the Chinese did under Chairman Mao and continue to do today. One of the interesting facts about the Magns Carta is that there were many copies made and deliberately distributed so that the monarch couldn't keep the only copy and spread disinformation about it.

If I replied again to this thread I was going to point this example out to MigL. But you beat me to it. I take the statement "the map is not the territory" as allegorical. That is it is a metaphorical depiction of a deeper meaning. And I think, as obviously a lot of people do, that it is a good one. Mathematically there are two considerations. Firstly the strict definition of a map as a formal description of a relation between two sets leads to the first law of equivalence An equivalence reation is reflexive. In other words the map is identical to the territory because it is the territory. In all other circumstances the relation map only offers identity for some aspect or aspects, but not all of them. Which leads us the applied world where we constantly use models which only correspond for some desired aspect or aspects to the phrase The map is not the territory. You would not expect to fly to Berlin in the model that was used in the wind tunnel for the airliner.

I'm sorry Eise but that website you linked to does not conform to either UK or EU law in that it did not offer me th option to decline all cookies. I could not be bothered the trawl through the extremely long list of thing to turn off or find out what would be left. Why does IT think it is above the law ? Even some government agencies that should know better act like that.

Yeah it is kinda funny. +1

Entertainer founder hands over toy shop chain to staff

How do you then interpret the first axiom of equivalence ?

For the record the word Algebra comes from the title of a book wriiten somewhere between 750 and 850 AD by an arab scholar in the Dar al-Hikma in Baghdad. The book was entitled al-Kitab al-mukhtasar fi hisab al-jabr wa'l-muqabala (A handbook of calculation by completion and reduction) In it he restudies an equation first studied by Diophantus (the Greek) some 600 years earlier. The author, al-Khwarizimi was responsible for another book introducing the indian decimal number system and its place settings to the middle east and was much copied at this time in europe by medieval scholars as the 'new arithmetic' These european scholars called themselves 'algorismists'. Which word was later to become our present day usage algorithm.

Thank you that was useful information whilst I had dinner. OK so some further explanation to take with you. It's getting late for proper composition so I will add a block/flow diagram that should help a lot. Meanwhile a few words. The average CD is 650 Mbytes and is meant to hold 60 minutes at CD quality. This is not a HIfi discussion about CD, just some facts. So the file size of an average track say 3 minutes is 3/60 x 650 Mbytes or 32.5 Mbytes. You have an analogue audio signal coming out of your auxiliary or tape output. This signal is an electrical copy of the audio waveform, running at the correct speed of the music or sound if it is from radio section. The wifi system is designed to transmit a digital signal which is made up of electrical pulses that are organised according to specific conventions, just as English uses letters organised into words according to conventions. These pulses are superimposed on the wifi carrier radio wave just like conventional radio and TV. If the wifi system is going to transmit the pulses correspond to the whole digital (computer) file it can do it all in one go. But three factors make this more difficult and require an extra stage. Firstly transferring 32.5 Mbytes at wifi speeds will take no more than 8 seconds and you want toplay it back over 180 seconds. So your receiver would need some kind of storage called buffering. Secondly the wifi network may be busy transferring other files to other devices on the network so the actual data is broken into smaller 'packets' and not sent all at once. Thirdly the source material may be spread out in time so may be sent in irregularly timed packets. Managing this last requirement is called streaming. With the right equipment all this is done automatically. The sonos device I linked to can accept the audio signal input and digitise it to suitable form and I think stream it onto the network. The input connectors ar listed as RCAphono so also suitable. Further it can join the network either though an ethernet cable or through the wifi as a bonafide device oon the network. This is why I asked you where the router is - you might be able to just plug it in. I have a Roberts radio with this capability and a Humax TV rcorder that I can stream recorded TV from to my pc or other devices on my network.

Exactly. Unfortuneately scientists are human and sometimes succumb to social or popular pressure about imprecise terms. Scientific proof is such an example.

Science does not go in for proof, that is lawyers or mathematicians. Science goes in for the best available 'fit' to known observations and is subject to change at any time due to new and (hopefully) better observations.

Perhaps I am wrong about this but it is my understanding that we are not conscious of out autonomic actions unless we choose to be. And choice is one of the differences between consciousness and intelligence.

+1

I think there are fundamental differences between autonomic/involuntary actions and deliberate actions made as a result of conscious thought (intelligence) Your genetic code can also be regarded as 'programming', its true. However as I understand this thread (hopefully intelligently 😄) it is all about intelligence, not autonomy. @exchemist I have added something to your thread on wifi

Yes my comments are meant in exactly that spirit. +1 Perhaps you know this, perhaps you don't; Engineering and other technical industries underwent a fundamental philosophical change in the second part of the 20th century. The emphasis moved from measuring the quantity concerned to measuring the error in that measurement so that it might be controlled. This is the point I am making. We see this is large ways and small ways as the various disciplines embedded errror resistant techniques into everyday practice. Checksums became standard. In surveying Did your triangle angles add up to 180 ? Did you read the angles on both faces? Did the sum of your foresights minus the sum of backsights equal the final level difference ? In structural and other engineering the limit state method of design was introduced. In information technology and coding science checksums were introduced. In concrete technology statistical control of materials was introduced into the mix design. In mecfhanical and electrical engineering redundant circuits and pathways were introduced into machine and equipment design and even whole network systems. Backup pilots, backup sytems, backup data storage backup backup and backup again. The concrete mix design is a good example of living with and controlling small errors as is limit state design. The surveying examples are good examples of minimising large errors.

You are correct I didn't spot that. +1 But this makes it worse than ever. If I read this correctly the AI has deliberately excluded certain errors despite being asked (I hope you did) about all errors. Blunders are errors and and often have the largest consequences such as getting on the wrong train or plane and ending up in Cape Town instead of Cairo. So what to do about them is especially important. The UK NHS for instance has a schedule reporting of medical errors including 'never' incidents which should never happen such as amputatiing the wrong leg or worse the leg of the wrong patient. Before retirement, my wife used to teach drug calculations. At the end of her courses students took an exam she prepared. She required a 100% correct pass mark and had a running battle with the managers who wanted to let staff loose on the wards with a lower one. At each such meeting she offered the exam (10 questions) as said "Here are the questions which of these would you accept your student to get wrong ?" she further pointed out that "Each of these questeions were based on real errors that had occurred and lead to the death or serious injury to the patient"

Gosh was that iNow or AiNow speaking ? 😄 I note the examples offered by technical members seem to be about 'business' not technicalities. In my experience accountants were the first to get decent calculators, then the first to get decent computers. Going back to technicality has anyone else experience of AutoCad and early Windows ?

Unfortunately your AI starts with a blunder, the same blunder that I am frequently warning new posters about here. The all embracing, blanket statement that can so eaaily be contradicted. Like many humans I understand the idea behind this statement, but it is just incorrect, though too many humans make similar ones. This demonstrates that the AI does not understand the words. A much better way to put the idea is to say that when we make a measurement, out measurement may actually be the correct result but we can not be certain of this. The trick or best we can do is to try to ensure that our measurement is the most probable result and further that the uncertainty, measured as an probability, is a quantifiable and acceptably low value.

And what does the fount of mystic wisdom say about blunders ? I note it has not mentioned them. Personally I would classify swansont's blueberry example as a blunder.

One possibility, depending upon your budget though you can get these s/h from _bay, is the explore the Sonos systems. https://www.sonos.com/en-us/guides/amp They have several useful products depending upon where your router etc is.