swansont

You might note this is days, not the year, and the scale is milliseconds, i.e. much smaller than what was described in the OP The “mystery” is which contributions are primarily responsible. The mechanism is well-known - conservation of angular momentum* If the moment of inertia changes, the rotational speed will also change to keep the momentum constant. Mass distribution changes cause the moment to change. These can come from melting of arctic ice, droughts, changes in shape of the earth’s crust IIRC there are dozens of terms in the earth rotation model. Some are not predictable. You have to model them as they happen. The rotation has been known to speed up and slow down for as long as we’ve had precise enough data *there’s a long-term effect which is exerting a torque, thus lowering the angular momentum: tidal breaking from the moon.

You can also find images of earth taken from space, which show how thin the atmosphere layer is. Such as the earthrise pic from an Apollo mission

It is. The earth has a radius of ~6400 km. The atmosphere is only substantial for a few km. That’s pretty thin.

What is allegedly disappearing?

If you think there are other sources that come anywhere close to this, cough up the evidence. The astronomers that look for such sources will be very interested.

Yes, and the force it exerts is P/c (power divided by the speed of light) for absorption. (reflection doubles this) So 3.33 nanonewtons per watt. This is not a large force. 3.33 micronewtons per kilowatt, meaning around 5 micronewtons per square meter from the sun, which is by far the brightest source for earth.

Same for e.g. electromagnetics Physics doesn’t explain why. It explains the behavior we observe In speculations, if you comply with the guidelines for that section. The first represents a detailed model of physical behavior. The latter two are not. Also, correlation is not causality. Scientific models are compared to data. If the model agrees with the data and allows one to make accurate predictions, it’s eventually accepted as being valid.

A high energy particle like a fission fragment striking (or passing near) an atom will tend to ionize the atom, but those electrons will recombine with some other nucleus that has been ionized. Accelerated charges (as they scatter) produces bremsstrahlung. So there are some lossy mechanisms with regard to the energy of a current. These charges aren’t flowing in a particular direction, so there isn’t a current, as such. Then there’s the question of whether you can make this in a conductive material and have it hold up to the fission damage.

! Moderator Note This is off-topic and doesn’t include enough information to be a stand-alone thread. As I said, you can start a new thread to discuss a topic. But comply with our requirements

! Moderator Note If you want to discuss your theory do so in a different thread in speculations. But without advertising your book.

To add to MigL’s comment - it’s an established approach to look for violation of energy or momentum in a chosen frame, because if you find a violation one frame, it’s game over. SR tells us the the laws of physics have to work the same in all frames.

The difficulty will be in stepping down the energy of the individual particles - you want more charge carriers at lower energy. e.g. you want 10^20 charge carriers at 1 keV, not 10^17 at 1 MeV (and for the fusion case you want this in a conductor, not a plasma)

But you have to, in order to eliminate it.

Are there any reactors that directly generate electricity, rather than heating water to run a steam turbine?

And you have to eliminate the mundane to conclude the sensational.

The FTL signal doesn’t violate causality for the sender and receiver. The violation appears when you add the moving observer.

It would violate it just as explained in the video. Instantaneous is just the most extreme case of FTL.

Because it sounded good to the writers, and that overruled any science objections that might have popped up. IOW, they wanted to keep the dialog where they call Neo “copper-top” And they needed a reason for the machines keeping humans around, because without them there’s no movie. And perhaps other plot-driven reasons. It’s a work of fiction.

It’s not even Lorentz transforms being shown. Just x vs ct. Light travels at c, so it shows up as a 45 degree line (the null line). If you go slower it takes longer to go some distance x, so that will appear above (steeper). FTL would go below. Both cases are depicted - one for the FTL signal, one for the STL ship. If you didn’t move it would show up as a vertical line - motion through time but not space. The Lorentz transforms would show up if you rotated this to be in the ship’s frame.

Yes, my mistake. Apologies to @Moontanman

I’m only responding to what you say when you quote me. That’s presumably a reply to me.

You keep changing the topic. This was not the point under discussion. The issue was whether a FTL craft could see a causality violation and the answer is yes. It does not require a STL craft. I suspect he used the STL craft so that there was only one violation of physical law. If there were two, then the source of the violation would be ambiguous. We were discussing the video you asked me to watch. Not another example.

What train of ships? The video discusses a supernova and when Vega learns of it. There’s one ship. The diagram did not use an instantaneous communication. You can see the signal took time. Instantaneous would be a horizontal line A FTL ship would be below the null line, rather than above, but it can still arrive later than Vega receiving the warning. An even larger range if the warning is instantaneous.

There are for beta decay, but I suspect alpha decay would damage the semiconductor, and the higher temperatures might not be well-tolerated. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betavoltaic_device

Instantaneous will violate causality. I’m not sure how that’s OK.