sethoflagos

Don't forget that from a thermodynamics pov, surface tension and surface energy are basically the same thing, applied to fluids and solids respectively for historic reasons. Leastwise, the surface tension (N/m) and surface energy (J/m2) of water have the same numerical value (~ 0.0725), which is only 10% or so less than that of soda glass. Which is one reason why under certain circumstances, Navier-Stokes ceases to apply and their 'fracture' mechanism can become comparable. Yes, it's true that on a metre scale with a Bond number ~104+, then gravitational forces will dominate. But surface tension effects never go away, and around the centimetre scale (Bond number ~ 1) they become comparable (ie a chemical engineer ignores one of the pair at his peril). Chem Eng humour includes defining the inverse of the Bond number as the 'Jesus number' since having a large one may enable you to walk on water. You've got to find something to laugh at when designing gas flotation units for effluent treatment works.

You got me thinking. It's true as you say about Archimedean buoyancy, but it does affect the (much smaller) amount of nett uplift he would get from surface energy differences due to the local radius of curvature of the interface. Per the Kelvin equation, a long thin cylinder is about the optimum geometry for this. More so if he rubs on a thin layer of goosefat to increase the difference between cohesive and adhesive forces at the interface. A somewhat rounded figure may also help as AFAICT, a flat faced cube would only get a little uplift along the edges.

As we approach the end of our visit to Poland, Mrs Seth and I decided to take the plunge tonight and ordered a dish of veal sweetbreads as a shared starter course. Flambéed and served in a rich creamy mushroom sauce, they were quite delicious.

I was born in York, the UK's 'quaintest' city, and know of what I speak. Spaces such as this are invariably populated by supermarkets, banks, fast food franchises and similar commercial ordure. No sense of community whatsoever.

They Were LYING!! Part 79 of 1,056 Parts of Eastern Europe are actually very pleasant. Old Town Square, Poznan, Poland. Can't think of anywhere in the UK that can hold a candle to this.

I agree. Though I imagine that the freshly fractured water surfaces would be buried within a highly energetic aerosol mist that would be quite the reverse of smooth. The polar opposite ratio of surface tension to viscosity makes bitumen less inclined to go as far as aerosol formation, and far less eager to revert so rapidly from rough to smooth. The appropriate scaling factors (Laplace number, Bond number, Cavitation number, Ohnesorge number) span many orders of magnitude, so 'instant' is quite a relative concept.

I think the give away is that the OP reference fails to mention and distinguish their subject from Liquid Column Separation despite that being quite literally what they are describing. Of course, this doesn't prove they're the same thing, but then there'd have to be two phenomena the research team had never heard of. AFAIK only Chem Eng give it any serious study time. The equations are non-analytic which puts off most but since it's very effective at straightening piping elbows etc we have to look at it. And who else would stick a waterfall in a pipeline?

Think of two large diameter pistons face to face, with a liquid film bond between them. Air pressure on the external surfaces opposes rapid separation. If the pistons are drawn apart slowly, the fluid pinches in at the circumference and gradually separates from the edge to the centre with no velocity discontinuity. The growing space between the separated films is occupied by air. As more separation force is applied exceeding the sum of external pressure and van der Waals, the interface begins separating faster than air can fill the space, forming a vacuum and velocity discontinuity followed by a bang as the air catches up. Generally the pressure within the film will dip below its vapour pressure and boil a bit reducing the degree of banginess (basis of cavitation). Certain non-Newtonian fluids will like crystalline solids, support significant negative pressures in tension with consequent increased 'banginess'. All I'm really seeing here are the underlying physics of Water Hammer and Liquid Column Separation Tensile behaviour of elastic fluids covers some of the more polymery associated behaviours.

I usually do if the instrument has an unplated finish, and the patina is 'nice enough'. It's getting to be past tense now as I've sold a few (the Inderbinen went to New York a couple of years ago)

Adding 20% yeast biomass to existing artificial bee feed formulations is a complete diet apparently. A major benefit is that feeding domestcated bees on this not only greatly increases their brood raising performance, but also removes their reliance on natural pollen allowing native wild bee species to flourish also.

I do so hope that was posted for humourous effect! 😱 Warm soapy water, careful drying, appropriate lubricants (light machine/spindle oil & petroleum jelly for me), and meticulous oral hygiene. An occasional buff with Renaissance wax polish

MDMA is also notorious for causing acute dehydration. As @StringJunky says, a dry throat and elevated temperature won't help.

Just a mask to wear when cordial, constructive dialogue appears to have left the building. Perhaps you should PM me. I don't bite.

You should see a mechanic, or perhaps a fishmonger. I'm struggling to make 'six' and 'hello' sound different. Shchzhzhshch....itch.

It seems like an appropriate response to one whose sole intent consistently appears to be to wreck any meaningful dialogue. (And maybe payback for past ad hominems). ... which compares unfavourably to @DavidWahl 's well-considered, constructive response to what could well have been taken as a deliberately provocative critique. (It was). We both gained from the exchange which is surely the intent of this forum. I'm done with your abusive negativity for now.

It does, though the heavy lifting should be done by a mild abrasive rather than chemical action. In some formulations, Brasso uses a bit of oxalic acid (pKa 1.25) as its main chelant, though the pH is balanced by the addition of ammonia. One does not want acid pitting on the Bauerfeind bronze valve casing of a custom Inderbinen trumpet. Does serious damage to the resale value. (Actually wouldn't even use Brasso on mine!)

Engineered Yeast provides rare but essential pollen sterols for honeybees

https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Polish_phrasebook Polish phrases for tourists.

Well answered!

My apologies. I should have avoided all ambiguity by referring to him as Doctor Watson 🤭

You're thinking about "A Catcher in the Rye" Hardly! Holden Caulfield is a puerile narcissist; a young Trump in the making. Similarly destructive of course, but quite a different character type. Do you identify with this rôle? ... and drink from the cattle trough of doom? No thanks. Not when the hedgerows have brambles and elderberries a-plenty.

Not if he wishes to remain in the priesthood. Then follow that path if you believe it's the one for you. Rubbish. One channels it, and all other negative impulses into positive, constructive action. Or you sit, wallowing in self-pity, and pretend that that somehow makes you a philosopher. Self-flagellation? Not for me. John's a pathetic, self-pitying wimp. I could however identify with Helmholtz, perhaps. Except that I chose exile in Nigeria rather than the Falkland Islands. Actually, when I think about it, the parallels are... interesting.

Then by the same token, you must fail to understand it too. Pointless and off topic. Why are they mutually exclusive? The priest promises relief from hardship in the afterlife; the engineer strives to deliver it in the present. Sorry, I don't do angst. As a palliative I'd recommend The Roads to Freedom. Both more constructive and on topic.

A rather extreme and melodramatic example, but with the appropriate life insurance policy... Kin altruism certainly shaped (or excused) many of the (free?) choices I made in my adult life; willingly accepting the responsibility of raising a brood of good little numerate atheists, well-equipped to fend for themselves in uncertain times. Strangely, I found that adapting to meet the economic constraints imposed by family responsibility did not have to compromise my personal freedom. Quite the reverse. Which leads me to suspect that just as one defines one's own purpose in life, one can also define what freedoms one can indulge in. However, there are always trade-offs. No free lunches and all that. I'm rather bored by the free-will debate. Evolution has given me the very strong impression that my significant choices are made freely, and it suits me to accept that at face value if not as an article of faith then at least by Occam's Razor. The principle of personal responsibility for one's actions seems a lot more useful. I'm going to call your 'mystical, god-shaped dimension' Luilekkerland; declare that there's nothing fundamental about it (it's just a childish fantasy); and leave Darwin to decide who made the best evolutionary choice: the priest or the engineer. The Epstein files are full of those weak-willed enough to be lured into Luilekkerland. Reality has now bitten a few of them on the bum. (Looking at you, Andy Mount-Battenburg)

We often get meningitis outbreaks in Northern Nigeria at this time of year where for the strains involved, high temperature, dust, and low humidity have been identified as significant factors. Perhaps for the strain(s) involved in the Kent outbreak, climatic conditions are similarly involved.