Organic Chemistry

Hi all, I would like to understand what makes ribose a stronger reducing sugar than glucose. They both have an aldehyde functional group to be oxidized but they differ in their structure as a pentose vs hexose. Is it their structure that makes one more easily converted to an open structure and be oxidized than the other? Any clue or direction will help a lot! Thanks

Hello, I am doing a project related to pellet water boiler. I faced a problem, tar is stains in the wall of boiler so that heat transfer rate decrease and hence decrease in boiler efficiency. The maximum temperature of boiler body is about 1600 degree Celsius. Being an Engineer, I have less knowledge in chemistry so I need help how to remove or reduce such problem?

I heard a while ago that if you want to get say, 15w-40 oil, you can simply blend/mix some 10w-40 with 20w-40 (such that the first #'s 10 + 20 divided by 2 equals the 15). Likewise, if you wanted say, 15w-40 you can achieve by blending 10w-30 with equal amount of 20w-50. In other words, they are miscible, and the equal amounts behave linearly when mixed. Is this true? Thanks

Hello. I would like to ask if do exist some websites where I can offer structures of organic molecules which I want to obtain as organic chemicals via custom organic synthesis from third parties? i.e. I will send list of structures, they will be placed on such website(s) and company or individuals carrying out organic synthesis can send me their offers of custom organic synthesis. A speak about lab quantities. I will pay for chemical and procedure. Many thanks for any suggestion or help.

i am using ethyl nicotinate to convert amide (alicyclic) to nitrile; Other reagent used is trifluoroacetic anhydride; I am not clear about how EN acts in this conversion; can anybody throw light into this mechanism; thanks in advance

bis methylthio methane is a synthetic truffle aroma used in the making of truffle oil. i need to make some myself if possible, or pay somebody to do it for me. Is there anyone out there that can walk me through the process or is interested in doing it themselves? I don't know anything about chemistry but from what i hear it is a fairly simple process. I also have a "recipe" that i found for it that i can post if it is helpful. Thank you in advance for any assistance anyone might be able to give.

PhLi i gather is not a grignard reagent. otherwise it would be PhMgLi. I'm wondering if there is a triple bond from Ph to Li because then i will be able to use the Organo metallics with ketone reaction. Even still, i'm not sure how the valency of a phenyl ring would be able to accommodate for the aforementioned bond? The starting material is: cyclohexanone with a c=c bond on the 2nd carbon. Which leads me onto a side question, alkene's don't have prefix names and so what is the name of this molecule?Baring in mind ketone groups have a higher priority in IUPAC naming terms than alkenes. Sorry about my amateur layout. Shane btw the C=C bond is not an R group off of …

Hi chemists, I would like to know whether we have compound A or B in this reaction and why:

1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data Lets say you have 1 liter of 2 mol/L methane and the same amount of chlorine. Lets also say that both are liquids since those are most likely to react. Now the only way they can both be liquids is if the temperature is as cold as an antarctic winter so this is not aqueous. Gases more often bump the wrong way and solids don't react unless it is oxidization or dissolving. Now the initiation step is forming the first molecule of HCl and Methyl. Now the methyl and chlorine atom really want to react and for chloromethane Now here are the questions. How much chloromethane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, and te…

I just did a lab where we tested the relative reactivities of hydrogens by radical brominating ethyl benzene, toluene, methyl cyclohexane, cyclohexane, and t-butyl benzene. One set of reactions was done under bright light and the other was done under our weak fume hood light. In my report, I'm supposed to talk about how only some of the reactions needed light while others didn't. This is tough because all of the reactions took place in light, and all of them reacted at least to some extent. I assume that toluene and ethyl benzene are the ones that didn't need light, but I can't explain why. I looked this up online and read that aromatic compounds can only be substituted i…

Hi everyone, I'm analyzing these IR spectra and there are few things I'm uncertain about... 1-phenylethanol: I can't make out what are the two peaks at 14500 and 1500? cyclohexanon: how to determine which of the two peaks (2938 or 2863) is due to C-H vibrations? or it's both of them? benzoic acid: is there a way to determine which of the peaks ranging form 2560 to 3072 are due to OH vibrations, and which are due to aromatic ring CH stretching? ps sorry about the poor quality of the images

What is meant by 20 vol% in reaction given Proline-Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol.pdf plz help

any body can tell us how to remove aldehyde? i used saturated solution of sodium bisulphite but not completely remove. tell me how it completely remove.

A question I came upon when I was reading about fullerenes today. In benzene we have one non-bonded p electron in each carbon atom. Due to the overlap in the p shells the electrons are dissociated above and below the plane of the molecule in a pi delocalised system. In a fullerene that for example has carbons linked in the same way, with only three bonds leaving one non-bonded electron. Would the p orbitals in adjacent carbon rings over lap allowing the electrons to be dissociated over the whole molecule or are they limited to just a few ring groups? Thanks!

Hi guys, I'm new to scanning probe microscopy. For my high school science fair project, I'd like to image a polysaccharide gel at a molecular level - not individual molecules, but say an area containing 50 polymers. What microscopy technique would be the most suitable? Thanks.

Indicated the hybridisation state of all the non-hydrogen atoms in the following molecules, CH3COCH2OCH3 and HCCCN i can't really seem to understand my chemistry teacher, and i really need to pass this coursework to get into university, all help is very much appreciated

Is there a way to make methane easily without the use of chemicals like aluminum carbide? Is there a way to separate methane from natural gas? Is it possible to produce ethane from acetic acid?

How hard would it be to make your own IR-FT spectrometer? (Thats an Infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer -- used for ID'ing organic ompounds.) I checked around and even used ones are several thousand dollars. It seems possible that one could make one, the hardest part would be the interferometer I think: would nee to have two mirrors one moveable and the other precisely adjustable. The light source would be easy (but does an interferometer work with a non-coherent light source?). And the IR detector you would have to buy. The FT is easily done in software. Does any body have experience these things and know why one would be hard to build?

Why is my Methyl 4-Methylbenzoate insoluble in water, hcl 5%, NahCo3 5% and Naoh 5%? Is it normal?

o folks doing Real Publishable Reputable Science: where would you sent a paper with novel synthesis of small organic compound (not fancy total synthesis, about 6-steps). Compound is relevant to some biological studies, it's commercially available but ridiculously expensive, synthesis was worked out to make it on budget. Assuming the student left the lab and there will be no more experiments or characterization possible. What is something like PlosONE but for synthesis? ;-)

i know how to make biogas and also how to remove some elements like moisture and CO2, but now am stuck how i can make it methanol

Hello guys, i need a saviour, could u try to solve my problem I need to prepare some napthenic acids and now im looking for possible methods of preparing them I've found, that i will get them, if i try to oxidate kerosene or naptha fraction of oil - but i dont know how, because i havent got a reactor, could u propose me smth? Also, im looking for methods of synthesis of individual cycloaliphatic acids For example, cyclopentyl acetic acid, cyclohexyl acetic acid or maybe with longer hydrocarbon radical HELP ME!) I will be very pleased!

My question is on the references section. Are 18 sources enough for a 5,500 word paper? I feel that my research is thorough and my knowledge on the subject is well rounded with these sources, but as I'm now looking at a colleague's paper, which my research built on, I see that he included 32 sources in his references section. How many references do you generally include in your publications? Thanks!

I know why O-O bonds in peroxides, and other bonds are reactive in a redox reaction, but why are C-H bonds able to combust in a redox reaction? It seems C-H bonds are relatively stable. Why does methane, ethane, propane, etc. react with combustion? ~ee

Shouldn't liquids slowly get thicker than instantly freezing into a solid? The more you freeze an object, the more the molecules start to slow down, cluster and get thicker. So why is it that you freeze a liquid the process of molecule clusterization is instantaneous?