Chemistry

i am interested in discussing about the pros and cons of having a vesicle of ph sensitive polymer (with drug to be delivered inside it), inside a vesicle of thermosensitive polymer for drug delivery. This gives us dual control capabilities that is temperature and ph based trigger mechanism.things i need to know about this are 1. is this method a novel approach for drug delivery, for a disease which needs a local site and ph change for drug release. 2. the ph sensitive polymer works based on feedback approach like the release of drug is based on ph change in the system.external triggering is involved for temperature change. 3. what are the difficulties in design of suc…

Hi there, I'm required to write a made-up expert witness report concerning any topic of interest. I want to do it on the analysis of chocolate suspected of containing a foreign substance, in this case cocaine. I at a bit lost as to how to do this exactly though, there are loads of articles about chocolate being laced with THC, arsenic etc. but no real information on how the analysis was carried out. This whole report has to be hypothetical so I dont have any spectra etc, but that doesn't both me so much, just how to go about starting analysis. I was suggested that dissolving/slurrying the chocolate in water, adding NaOH to pH=10 to make sure the alkaloids in c…

Hello I am new to chemistry and would like to try a fun and yet chalanging experiment, sorry for bad spelling more mathematical and scientific than litaral

Hello everyone. I'm a newcomer and this is my first post, so please bear with me. I'm an American living in Taiwan, and there's something about food here that interests me. There are some restaurants here that specialize in lamb meat, which is an especially fatty kind of meat. The lamb restaurants here tend to serve their lamb with slices of lime, a very acidic fruit. The flavors go really well together. After eating a piece of lamb without any lime, the tongue is overwhelmed with the flavor of fat, but with lime juice the acid nicely balances the flavor of the fat. If you squeeze the lime over the lamb, the flavors are balanced perfectly. But, I find that the flavors…

Hello, AbhiKap here I am studying the element Silicon (Si) from the periodic table. It is a Metalloid and I know that it is used in electronics. Can anyone tell me some computer companies that use Silicon in their products. Any companies are fine such as Apple Inc, Samsung, Microsoft, etc... Thanks, Help is appreciated.

Do nanomaterials exhibit quantum effects ? At what distance do we start considering quantum effects, do normal atoms and molecules exhibit quantum effects.

According to my knowledge Silver Nano Particles are derived from silver oxides. these particles are silver in color. anybody knows the use of Silver Nano Particles ? please share your knowledge.

I have just joined ScienceForums. I live in the south of England and have amassed quite an element collection over the years, as well as associated oxides/salts and general laboratory chemicals. I now wish to sell them but don't know how to go about it. I would appreciate any advice that Forum members could give me. Thank you, Hugh23

One method that i found was by electrochemical reduction. Is there any other ways?

I'm a watchmaker who specializes in refinishing old and new dial adding luminescence to dial numbers and hands. Normally I use blends of strontium aluminate to make the dials glow. However, I have a question about a very old dial I am trying to repair. The dial was originally made with two glowing substances. One was tritium which has long ago lost its "glow". They also mixed the tritium with a phosphorescent material that absorbed light and glowed for a minute. I'm trying to identify the compound that glowed brightly after a charge and withing about 30 seconds lost most of its glow. I have heard watchmakers used Zinc Sulfide before what they use now. However, I don't…

Hey guys i am new over here. So welcome me! I am looking for some reviews of Organic Chemistry Reagent Guide Before actually buying it. [link removed] Author has a big blog, [link removed] Looking for reviews. Is it worth buying or not?

I need to produce a nice steady stream of pure nitrogen for and experiment. Could anyone suggest the easiest (both in method and in availability of materials/chemicals) and safest method for preparing nitrogen for this? thanks in advance

Hi , im a jewlery manifacturer and need a protassium or sodium cyanide--- not sure which ? to clear impurities of jewlery esspecially old gold . Can you tell me where can i buy it from?? It seems hard to get ? Thank you

Bone char is used for removal of Fluorides from Drinking water. This is a big problem in several parts in India. Please describe the process & the equipment required for a small capacity plant.

I manage to only find how to reduce from Ce4+ to Ce3+ but I am not able to find the method and how to reduce further to Ce.

I read somewhere that you can make calcium metal by reacting powdered aluminium and calcium sulphate ( from plaster ) in a typical thermite reaction. It just so happens that I want some calcium metal right now, so I thought I'd try it. I crushed up some already set plaster (calcium sulphate nonahydrate I'm pretty sure) and now I plan on heating it until it drys to the dihydrate or anhydride. Which hydrate ( or the anhydride ) do you think would work best? I would guess the anhydride, the water is just one more thing to potentially ruin the batch. I'm really hoping this will work. Anyways, I'll get to it and keep you posted. No matter how trivial it is, I'd like to have yo…

i don't want to start a fight between physicist and chemist on this board, but with your best, as non-bias as you can, answer what is more beneficial to mankind... Chemistry or Physics

I'm working on a strange theory and I need a little help on this as I'm not very good with chemistry and physics. I apologize if this is not in the correct forum, if it isn't please move it to where it should go. Ok, Here is the data that I have: Liquid nitrogen density is .807g/ml @ temps of -320.44 and -195.8C :-: 1KG = 1,239.2ml Liquid Oxygen density is 1.141g/ml @ -297.33F and -182.96C :-: 1KG = 876.5ml I am wondering what the effect would be if 1KG of one of these liquids were sprayed into a room that is 10'x10'x10' so 1,000 cubic feet. Let's say that the room temperature is 72F degrees. (or would it be easier to use 1L of the substance?) What coul…

1)what happens when magnesium ribbon and sprite are mixed? 2)what happens when sodium bicarbonate is mixed with sprite?

This question might not make sense but please someone reply fast! Im doing this lab, and it gives us 6 household substances. We have to test these substances with sodium bicarbonate, magnesium ribbon, and red litmus. Example : for household #1 we got for the red litmus (stays red) sodium bicarbonate (no reaction) magnesium ribbon (no reaction). We have to figure out in the end if its basic or acetic. What would this be if it has a property of an acid, and 2 bases.....

Which part of the Buunsen burner flame is oxidizing? According to wiki.answers and my university course book, it is the 'Inner cone': http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Oxidizing_zone_in_the_Bunsen_burner_flame but according to the following websites/files, it is the outer cone: http://eso.vscht.cz/cache_data/1061/www.vscht.cz/ach/pub/LAChI-manual.pdf http://chemistry.about.com/library/weekly/aa010102a.htm This is not homework, I'm studying for my finals and this got me confused.

Problem: What are the final hydrogen ion concentration and pH of a solution obtained by mixing 200 mL of 0.4 M aqueous NH3 with 300 mL of 0.2 M HCL? (KB = 1.8 X 10-5) My first attempt at solving: @ t0 I have 100% in the acid form (HCl) mol HCl present = 0.3 L x 0.2 M = 0.06 mol HCl mol HCl present = mol NH3 required 0.06 mol HCl = (x amount of NH3 in Liters) (0.4 M) x L = 0.15 L = 150L of NH3(aq) :larrow:that doesn't make sense to me... My 2nd attempt at solving: pOH = pKb + log (molHCl / molNH3) pOH = 4.74473 + log (.08/.06) = 4.86967 pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 4.86967 = 9.13033 [H+] = 7.41E-10 M The answer key states that the [H…

Hello I am working on modelling ethanol oxidation. I have determined my reactions and am wondering how to obtain the rate of adsorption and desorption for my species (ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, C02, and CH4). The software that I am using, Material Studios 6.0 with the Kinetix module, requires I give either a rate or Arrhenius expression. Since I am going with the Arrhenius expression I have to define the pre-factor and the activation energy. I understand I can either use kinetic gas theory or transition state theory to represent my pre-factor, but I am completely lost on how to obtain the activation energy (reading journal articles they typically just declare…

Liquids are normally less dense than the solids formed from them on cooling - one assumes that is due to the close packing of atoms or molecules in a crystalline state. But water is different, it expands as it forms ice, causing pipes to fracture. It must be this expansion which allows the ice to float in water. Why does water do this when other liquids (to my knowledge) don't ? Explain please.

I work for a vitamin manufacturer in the US. We recently manufactured a calcium citrate and magnesium oxide blend. While manufacturing on our Bosch encapsulation machines (not cheap) we noticed black markings within the capsules. We also noticed some black markings on the outside of the capsule, most likely happening during the polishing process in our stainless steel polisher. I'm under the impression that there is a reaction happening between the calcium and the stainless steel. I've searched and searched but have found no specific reaction that would cause this. I've referenced my OChem book with no results. I've asked some colleagues and no one knows. I know it is com…