Modern and Theoretical Physics

From QM, the binding energy of electrons onto protons is ("Rydberg energy"): [math]U = \frac{1}{2} \left( m_e c^2 \right) \alpha^2[/math] and the radius of those bound electrons is ("Bohr radius"): [math]R = \frac{\hbar c}{m_e c^2} \frac{1}{\alpha}[/math] So, if the EM interaction were "full strength" ([math]\alpha \rightarrow 1[/math]), as the Strong interaction between quarks in nucleons (nearly) is, i.e. "if (virtual) photons were as strong as gluons"; then (hydrogen) atoms would be ~137x smaller (10-12m), and their binding energies would be hundreds of KeV. Now, nuclear interactions are characteristically MeV in strength. So, an "un-fine-tuned" EM …

Howdy folks, first post here but I've been doing a lot of thinking about this subject and I wanted some input as to if/where there might be any holes in what I'm saying. I've tossed this around in my head a lot and I'm wondering if this even makes any sense. There's, in my opinion, no way, shape, or form the universe is a "closed" system. Everything that you see in the universe is an open system. The planets are in solar systems, solar systems are in galaxies, and the galaxies are all clumped together in a universe. Many times I've heard the universe being referred to as a "vacuum" and that it's constantly expanding and new planets, stars, etc are constantly being…

Is there order in chaos? Physicists can't with total exactitude solve the set of equations that describes the behavior of fluids, from water to air to all other liquids and gases. In fact,it isn't known whether a general solution of the so-called Navier-Stokes equations exists, or, if there is a solution, whether it describes fluids everywhere, or contains inherently unknowable points called singularities. As a consequence, the nature of chaos is not well understood. Thus I pose the question do physicists and mathematicians wonder, if the weather or other chaotic systems merely very difficult to predict, or inherently unpredictable? Does turbulence/chaos transcend ma…

Prologue Nowadays it is hard to publish your ideas related with physics when you are notan accredited physicist. Also it is hard to make people find your ideasseriously, especially when your ideas intersect famous scientists' ideas or theories.And the funniest thing is that those physicians, who are not able to create oreven think rationally, are just all talk and no action, they can only mock and donothing. Conceited fools. Enunciation I thoughtabout some physical principles (in the philosophical sense) and exposed them inmy website – (link removed by moderator). If my ideas are correct, it is possible to create some useful inventions(wh…

Which state a proton and a neutron exist in the nucleus of the deuterium ? Simply attached or another state? Are original shapes of particles maintained in the nucleus?

So this Higgs field is supposed to give mass to particles by interacting with them. The way I see it (I'm a layman!) this implies that mass is very similar to kinetic energy. And this, in turn, implies that all particles are moving relative to the higgs field at constant speed. Am I saying something super wrong until now? LOL So, what if gravity is just a distortion on the higgs field caused by particles passing trough it? Like air. Exactly in the way that you put to sheets of paper parallel to each other and by blowing in the middle you reduce the air pressure between the sheets of paper and cause them to appear attracted together, two particles mo…

what exactly happens during a neutron-neutron,proton-neutron and neutron proton collision??

Could the observation that the universe is very rapidly expanding be due to the space-time continuum flattening out from mass leaving our universe. i.e. disappearing? My thought is that since gravity bends space-time and in essence, wrinkles it, that a loss of mass in the universe might allow the space-time to "unwrinkle" and cause expansion. If a great deal of mass goes out of existence then wouldn't there be a corresponding "unwrinkling" of space-time? Of course the mass has got to go somewhere. Perhaps it leaks to another universe? Maybe we have a big leak or billions of small leaks such as mass going down black holes?

I know that the universe is open, if it is affected by something outside of it. If there is no outside of it then obviously it is a closed system. I think most people define "universe" in terms that require it to be a "closed system". I know the answer is probably "closed". The reason I asked is because I want to know whether the law of conservation of energy and similar laws apply in both systems. An open system might have energy added to it or subtracted from it by an external source/sink of energy. If the universe isn't connected to anything else, must I definite the word "universe" TO include everything that could possibly affect anything, Thus, there's no re…

Hi, Some astronomers and psycisists theorise around the possibilty of time travel, one example is the concept of a block universe (which I do not agree with!), where all events that have ever happened or will happen continue to exist in an infinity of identical universes. As far as we know there have never been any evidence of time travellers coming to our present from the past or the future. However,maybe an civilisation a billion years in advance of our own might have solved the problem? What is your position on the matter?

It seems that I had gotten a relatively simple idea which allows to justify both the problem of consciousness and the paradox of causality in the time-travel "Grandfather" paradox. I can not grasp it completely, because I'm not a physicist, so it may contain contradictions, and I need a guidance what a theory may closely match it. The problems: 1. There is a "moment of present" exists, and this is most likely just a property of our consciousness, and it's unclear where it comes from in the four-dimensional space-time. 2. There is a paradox of causality when grandchild kills his grandfather after a time-travel in the four-dimensional space-time. Because…

I was asked to expand the Golstone theorem, with N real fields, and to break the simmetry and to check the multiple bosons that show up. Could anyone tell me a book where this appears for n real fields? We solved in class for the case of two real fields, thanks

I was watching a documentary on the Theory of Everything with some lectures by Holger Bech Nielsen. In this documentary, he mentions that in the early universe, the four fundamental forces were not existing separately because of the very high temperature, but does not explain why. How can this be? I would understand it, if it were because energy associated with temperature completely dominated the other forces, making their respective forces insignificant, but it seems like this is not the case (e.g. the Placnk epoch subtitle on http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Big_Bang)

In quantum mechanics things can be in multiple locations, but in classical physics they are in one position only. Is there a reason for this after all we are made up of quantum pariticles, they can exist in more than one location , why cant larger things like humans also exist in more than one location at a time.? Bi-location has supposed to have happened in the mystic world and there is also the Many Worlds Theory and the far off possiblity of teleportation of large things in the far off future. (Teleportation has already been done with photons!) Also the case of the Doppelganger where a person is supposed to have seen his exact double has been regularily reporte…

my question is-- Why we use the ribbon of Phosphor-Bronze to hang the coil in a Moving-coil(D'Arsonval) Galvanometer?

Can Causality be violated by say instantaneous data transfer? Spooky action as Einstein called it or quantum non-locality and entanglement have shown fundamental particles can interact instantaneously regardless of the distance between them Alter the spin of one instantly alters the spin of its twin in the other direction. Causality is fundamental to how the universe works, entropy for instant is intertwined with causality etc What are your thoughts on the matter?

I've been reading a lot of articles about the whole evolution vs creationism debate (evolution all the way, by the by), and I am continually being forced to grit my teeth in frustration whenever these idiots pull the utterly vapid 'it's just a theory' argument, even though it has been explained more times than I can count that the word 'theory' in a scientific sense refers to a framework of knowledge, observations and experimental evidence that explain various aspects of reality. In other words, if the evolution scientists (I denounce any scientist that outright claims that evolution is a lie) are correct, a scientific theory is for all intents and purposes 'proven', as m…

Piezoelectricity is the ability of certain materials to generate the charges on surface of itself under application of stress. Lets take the quartz sample. Apply force to it, make it compress. According to piezoelectric effect minus and plus charges will generate over the opposite surfaces of crystal. Thus we can measure the voltage between these charges in an open circuit. We can make several thousand of volts via corresponding high compressional force. My question is related to closed circuit. If we take quartz sample and apply stress to it in closed circuit then what would happen??? It is obvious that the current will flow through the circuit and voltage …

16 elementary particles and 4(?) elementary forces to bind them all.. It's like something out of Lord of the Rings. One problem I have with this description is the question What do the particles exist in? Clearly if 'everything' is to be made of 16 or 60 elementary particles these particles must be 1) Distinguishable 2) Aggregates of such particles must be capable of assembly from these particles and disassembly into them and all the time the individual particles must be clearly distinct and identifiable, at least in a thought experiment. 3) There must be something for them to exist in. 4) This something must be distinct from the particles an…

Regarding the LHC collision experiments, I understand that you cannot see which proton directly or indirectly collides into each other only the decay products of the overall collisions. Is it feasible to somehow align protons directly into each other instead of bunches?

i have heard that magnetic property of any substance is due to the motion of free electron in its atomic structure . can anybody explain about it in detail ?????????/

Piezoelectricity effect generated by compression of certain materials. Due to compaction crystalline material releases electrical current. Is there any relationship, dependence between the quantity of electrical charge or current and stress applied to crystalline? I understand that piezoelectricity is the property of some materials. But there should be measure of amount of charge because of pressure applied to material. For example in all compaction pressures quartz mineral generates certain amount of charge or it depends and changes. Which of them is true?

hello every one I was wondering about an issue i thought about while attending a masters thesis discussion earlier Does the material of the plate (not the filling dielectric) affect capacitance (even if in the fringing level) ? Check the attached picture , for a better explanation

As a psychologist, I am trying to find a way to grasp the meaning of Noether's theorem and to conceptualize relationships among what is conserved, the laws of symmetry, and the role of fields in this process. I'm not at all certain I'm even asking a meaningful question. Any thoughts would be welcome.

In quantum physics, a wave function instantaneously collapses once an observable is measured. For instance, if an electron's angular momentum in the z direction is measured, then the angular momenta in the x and y direction immediately become indeterminate due to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. If two particles are entangled and described by a single wave function, such as two particles that are products of a previous particle that decayed and whose combined spin is known due to conservation of angular momentum, and an observable is measured on one of them, the wave function instantanously collapses on the other, no matter how far apart the particles are. Experiment…