Earth Science

As an alternative Human Venture for Survival of Earth in the face of demise of Solar System we can think of : Migrating our Earth from its present Gravitational orbit to move it to a point on Space to continue Earth’s and Our Survival Advance Preparation can be made but Final Move should only be made if it is Mandatory for Survival We can think of fitting our Nuclear Powered Rockets to propel or a Structure of Powerful Drones powered by Nuclear Energy which can enable Earth to Fly through Space in a Controlled way ! Humanity has to work together !!

Reading about Melissa's destructive force in Jamaica, I was wondering what projections and planning are being done on what storms of her intensity would do, if they started showing up on a regular basis in the US. The Post this morning describes the mechanism: It sounds like the landfall winds could have been over 190 mph. So I went to NWS site (still up and running) and it describes such winds... Hurricane winds - 130 to 160 mph gusts 170+ mph: Devastating damage is expected. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks, perhaps longer. * At least one half of well constructed homes will have roof and wall failure. All gabled roofs will fail, leaving those homes …

I saw news of this in the Independent and have looked up the paper: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2025GL114853 Although not associated with active volcanism, there is in fact a subduction zone under Iran, due to the underthrusting of the colliding Arabian Plate, extending eastwards from the straits of Hormuz. I was intrigued by this, having lived in the Persian Gulf for some years in the 1980s and having always wondered a bit about the geology. It seems the volcano summit is rising, but they attribute this to shallow depth hydrothermal activity, which could presage some kind of phreatic event, though no one is yet suggesting a lava eruption is immin…

I know some of it (a) is quartz but what is it combined with? Seems rough. In pic B the stone is mostly white and very hard but I don't think it is quartz. Could be wrong. Look forward to your input. I found it near an old limestone quarry btw. Near a river.

First, hello to anybody who remembers me from the .com and .org sites! It's been a while... Anyway, I see geologic time scale charts that look like this: and I want to create another one, but much longer so I can show more details. I've already gotten a binder and put pages in it to create a "book" timeline. Here it's opened to the page from 75 to 100 million years ago, with ages labelled. As in the first timeline, I want to put pictures of life that existed at the time. Does anybody know good resources that will give tell me what types of life existed at a given point in time, so I can find appropriate photos to put in there? I know I can look at the Wikipedia pages fo…

As of Monday 30 June The US Department of Defense will no longer provide satellite weather data leaving hurricane forecasters without crucial information about storms as peak hurricane season looms in the Atlantic. https://www.npr.org/2025/06/28/nx-s1-5446120/defense-department-cuts-hurricane-ice-weather-satellite The message said: https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/jun/28/noaa-cuts-hurricane-forecasting-climate Due to their unique characteristics and ability to map the entire world twice a day with extremely high resolution, the three DMSP satellites are a primary source of information for scientists to monitor Arctic sea ice and hurricane development. The DMSP p…

Radioactive nodules 50 - 200 mm in size can be found in Littleham Bay rocks and even on the beach. Does anyone know of other places they can be found ? https://southwestcoastphotos.com/photo_16759619.html

American friends living in the Chicago/Illinois area tell me that they are receiving emergency telephone warnings about a large incoming dust storm in their area. Dust storms known as haboobs (arabic: هَبوب habub - “blasting/drifting”) more normally occur in semi-arid areas of the south-western states of USA, and are caused by the collapse of thunderstorm systems, leading to a reversal of winds, and downdraft of cold descending air picking up dust and debris from the ground as it advances. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haboob The last major haboob in the Illinois area on 1 May 2023 caused an 84 car pile-up on Interstate 55 that killed eight people and injured dozens more…

Lets say the uplift of the Northern Andes and formation of the modern transcontinental Amazon river never occurred, how would that have affected the Great Amazonian Biotic Interchange from the Late Neogene? https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921818121001399

A few recent studies have found evidence of what is known as 'Dark Oxygen': oxygen produced in the absence of light. Will be very interesting to see how this gets used. Unfortunately, despite rules stating that articles featuring the news/science can be linked, my link was rejected in favour of a poor quality, outdated Wikipedia link so I have added details about the papers: Sweetman, A.K., Smith, A.J., de Jonge, D.S.W. et al. Evidence of dark oxygen production at the abyssal seafloor. Nat. Geosci. 17, 737–739 (2024). Rikuan Zheng, Chong Wang, Hongliang Wang, Haibin Qi, Chaomin Sun. 2025. via bioRxiv 2025.03.10.642362 I am not affiliated with any of these people.

On this project I aim to conduct an investigation on what the environment footprint of producing a supplement product was. Over the winter break, I was able to obtain an internship opportunity at a company that produces healthcare supplements. As I finished my internship, I was able to gain permission to do a day of investigation for my project. Before I start, I have a few questions for myself during the visit so I can solve them during the next day of investigation. 1. What is the estimated amount of plastic, cardboard, and paper waste during the production of a common supplement such as Vitamin C? 2. How does the production of supplements affe…

A World of Questions The village of Arrowhead Bay lay between the busy canal of Vancouver and the historical forest of the Indigenous people in Canada. Civilization has been here fore more than 2000 years and the village maintained a rural style of living under the wet climate of the Vancouver Island. Arrowhead Bay is a village in a peninsula surrounded with a lagoon on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west. People here revolved around the cycle of nature, the spring rain nourished the crops, the dry summers promoted the growth of nature, autumn leaves feeding the soil, and the winter snow covered the hills in a white blanket with silence. With a small vi…

Hi. This could be in other subforums, but here it goes. Placing a row of fixed solar panels on flat soil, the better perpendicular insolation elevation angles -at say latitude 380N- is about 40 degrees for winter and 60 degrees for summer. But that is for noon time. For say 08H to 10H and by 14H to 16H, the sun elevation is lower. And azimuth makes it even a poorer incidence angle. What ± elevation angle is considered a convenient compromise to collect most solar energy? Is that from some integral calculation ? My books do not suggest much on it.

I have had this theory bouncing around in my head since 9/11 and I would like someone's feedback. It was a published fact that grounding air traffic in the United States in the days following the 9/11 attacks made a significant measurable impact on North American continental temperatures. I believe average temperatures rose by over 1 degree Celsius due to the lack of the the artificial "clouds". What would happen if a country sent a small fleet of aircraft to deliberately create contrails to shield the oceanic waters from sun light leading up to the approach of a hurricane? I have read that every degree of ocean temperature can make a 10-20 mph difference in h…

Would it be possible ? If there was an intention to make winter solstice for the northern hemisphere to coincide with December 31, would counting a few years of februarys with 29 or 30 days instead and substracting a day or two to other months for the same few years; then returning to 'normal' when done... Or that would result in the opposite shift direction ? I have a mental fart on it. Is there other hurdles I do not notice ?

Took these pics yesterday evening and was wondering what causes the clouds color to change inside the rainbow arch. I don't recall seeing this before and search the web but no luck. I'd love to hear a scientific explanation

I am not a scientist by any measure. I have been listening to Flat earthers online and well.... no comment. It seems to me that an experiment that us lay folk could possibly conduct ourselves would be helpful. A thought had occurred to me of what that experiment might look like, but like I said, I am no scientist. With the help of chat GPT, I was able to work up some description of this experiment. I need advice as to whether it seems like a reasonable proposal or not and what I am not seeing that needs to be addressed to make it reasonable if it has legs. Below is where I am currently with my interaction with ChatGPT. I hope that there is some potential h…

There is a recent paper that's been in the news a bit, from Thomas Gernon, a Prof. at Southampton, et al, which accounts for why there are uplifted plateaux several hundred km from the coast in a number of places, e.g. S Africa, Brazil, India. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07717-1 It's quite technical, but as I understand it, they propose, via modelling, that after rifting to form a new ocean, an unstable vortex of convection is set up in the asthenosphere due to something called Rayleigh-Taylor instability (a thing in fluid dynamics, apparently). This vortex moves away from the mid-ocean ridge under the continent and progressively delaminates the "keel…

Greetings. Do isotidal maps exist ? Like Isobaric, isothermal do.

Any clues? I was thinking early turkey tail but someone with more experience with turkey tail said it isn't because the underside of early turkey tail is always white Image number 4 is a different tree with earlier stage growth

I understand that the thermal conductivity of a soil sample that is mostly clay will increase about three fold when transitioning from a dry state to a saturated state while one that is 100% sand may increase as much as ten fold. In the latter case, e.g., in a sand dune or gravel bed, these properties may not depend on depth. For most soil mixtures, however, I am hypothesizing that the sensitivity of the thermal conductivity of the soil to moisture changes will decrease with depth due to the reduction and then elimination of root aeration, and the general compaction of the soil which will reduce the voids where water can displace air. If my logic is correct, has anyone m…

Interesting view...

This was posted to the Fediverse recently and has created an interesting discussion, so I am posting the link to the research here too. Potential Ozone Depletion From Satellite Demise During Atmospheric Reentry in the Era of Mega-Constellations https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2024GL109280 Not quite sure what the solutions to this is really. Perhaps there are multiple ideas, I can see Elon Musk haling the rollout of Starlink.

I just looked at the rock of Gibraltar on the web, and it's more interesting than it looks. I like the clouds that hit the rock, and are forced upwards like in a chimney. I actually have found that in one other place, a mountain on Achill Island in the west of Ireland. It's a similar cliff, but nearly 1,000 ft higher, and when I reached the top (from the easy side) I was amazed to see clouds shooting up vertically into the air, right in front of me. But another interesting thing about the rock is that it's composed of ordinary-looking sedimentary layers, but they are upside down, with the youngest rocks below the older ones. It must have had some pretty vigoro…

Hello friends, I have a small YouTube channel. I share videos about science. Can you please suggest me a video topic?