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Hormones


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Yes, alcohols.

For example testosterone is a ketone (at the bottom left of the molecule in the diagram here)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone

but it also has an alcohol group (the OH) at the top right.

On the other hand estrone

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Estrone2.png

has them the other way round.

Some other hormones are really rather complicated

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Arginine_vasopressin3d.png

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:InsulinHexamer.jpg

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The most common division of hormones is the one that creates 2 groups: lypophilic (mainly steroid hormones, but also tyroid hormones, for example) and hydrophilic (mainly protein hormons, such as insulin or glucagon, for example). Taken the latter example, if there are hormones that are proteins, the diversity of functional groups that can be found is high. :)

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Hey Morsi

 

No doubt that hormones are very complicated molecules. This kind of structure is also because they perform several vital activities in our body. Hormones carry messages from glands to cells to maintain chemical levels in the bloodstream that achieve homeostasis. The presence of hormones in the body acts as a catalyst for other chemical changes at the cellular level necessary for growth, development, and energy. Hence hormones play several vital functions in our body.

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Oh! Thanks Cailyn! I felt fresh and live now :)

 

I have forgotten everything before about glands. Liver can be considered a gland, isn't it? What about spleen?

 

How many hormones are their in our bodies? And, are some unknown till now? Or, proven to be summed up?

 

A QUESTION: Is there some chemicals that deteriorate the work of hormones or their secretions? And, why sports are believed to be activating hormonal metabolism/processes in general and in specific?

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  • 2 months later...

A hormone is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism. Only a small amount of hormone is required to alter cell metabolism. In essence, it is a chemical messenger that transports a signal from one cell to another. All multicellular organisms produce hormones;plant hormones are also called homophones. Hormones in animals are often transported in the blood. Cells respond to a hormone when they express a specific receptor for that hormone. The hormone binds to the receptor protein, resulting in the activation of a signal transduction mechanism that ultimately leads to cell type-specific responses.List of hormone Melatonin ,Serotonin,Nor epinephrine etc.,To know more about go to Hormone

Edited by preem
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Do hormones belong to the same organic family, or they are just under the same biochemical family 'Hormones', i.e. are the like ketones, aldehydes ...... etc.?

 

 

Hormone refers to an effect on biochemical or physiological process, not a chemical relationship.

 

Ethylene, I think it is, acts as a hormone that promotes the ripening of many fruit. But it clearly bares no chemical relationship to testosterone.

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Great! This is great!

 

Hormones: Stimulators for a macro (not Chemical Reactions): processes, phenomena, metabolisms, secreations .... etc.

Nerves: Receptors and Translators.

 

Muscles and Organs: Carry out duties as per normal and as per nerves and need cell respiration and nutrition (mainly through blood).

Bones: are not :D

 

Brain and Mind\ Feelings: Controller of the whole body (very limited and distinctive) and perceptor, "even if of feelings".

 

Heart: My Heart!

 

Bones: to get broken?

 

Non-Cellulars: Materials: Are deposits?

 

And, DNA is the the most biggest Molecule in the Creation (is this true?): is the origin! WOW!

 

By the way: Can we say the the chromosome is a molecule?! hh??

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Great! This is great!

 

Hormones: Stimulators for a macro (not Chemical Reactions): processes, phenomena, metabolisms, secreations .... etc.

Nerves: Receptors and Translators.

 

Muscles and Organs: Carry out duties as per normal and as per nerves and need cell respiration and nutrition (mainly through blood).

Bones: are not :D

 

Brain and Mind\ Feelings: Controller of the whole body (very limited and distinctive) and perceptor, "even if of feelings".

 

Heart: My Heart!

 

Bones: to get broken?

 

Non-Cellulars: Materials: Are deposits?

 

And, DNA is the the most biggest Molecule in the Creation (is this true?): is the origin! WOW!

 

By the way: Can we say the the chromosome is a molecule?! hh??

 

A chromosome is a biological structure not an individual molecule.

 

As well as the DNA molecules, it contains a plethora of proteins. Structural proteins like chromatin and various specific gene inhibiting and activating proteins etc.

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Great! This is great!

 

Hormones: Stimulators for a macro (not Chemical Reactions): processes, phenomena, metabolisms, secreations .... etc.

Nerves: Receptors and Translators.

 

 

 

Technically hormones elicit these processes via chemical reactions, so I would not say this is entirely correct.

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Do hormones belong to the same organic family, or they are just under the same biochemical family 'Hormones', i.e. are the like ketones, aldehydes ...... etc.?

 

You are missing the point Amr Morsi.

 

Hormones are indeed chemicals in the broad sense, in the same way that sodium chlorine, ethanol and amino acids are all 'chemicals'

 

But hormones are not a specific chemical familes like alchols, hydrocarbons and ketones etc

 

 

Hormones are a family of biological components like organelles, organs and muscles.

 

There are many organelles and organs with highly varied structures and functions.

 

There are 3 types of muscle in the human body (smooth, cardiac, skeletal and no doubt many more if you take into consideration the whole animal kingdom) also with different structures and functions.

 

Hormones are similarly a highly varied group of biological functionaries that perform a wide variety of different physiological functions and have highly varied molecular structures.

Edited by Greg Boyles
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