Cr's electron configuration, following the model would be: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s23d4, but instead it is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s13d5, because there is extra stability gained from the half-filled d orbital.
Now you bond Chromium with oxygen. Chromium will be most stable 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s23d10
Therefore chromium wants 6 electrons from oxygen. The middle oxygen takes 1 all the time and the remaining three oxygens incompletely share the remaining 5 electrons. All the oxygens want 2 electrons.