khaled

1. there is no contradiction with what I posted, which was taken literally from references 2. You're right, computation can be done by any System that has a Language & Grammar, which bound Input towards Execution, which result in Output you see, as I mentioned earlier, computation is the work done executing a program on a given system .. this system can even be your brain

Computing is the noun from the verb Compute is a process that is more complex than calculate Computation is a work done by a Computer, a Processor, a Virtual Machine, or a Theoretical Machine .. given an Input, upon its Halt, It returns an Output Computability for a Program (not an algorithm) is relative to a given Machine Computation can be classified by at least three orthogonal criteria: - digital vs analog, - sequential vs parallel vs concurrent, - batch vs interactive. For more info: Wikipedia:Computation

Here is some resources on Introduction to Computational Biology: CMU:Comp-Bio Intro Course This may help you to get some info

A frame with a very low time flow rate, we'd see the world progress faster on the outside .. that'd be traveling through time forwardly I agree with Spyman, that traveling backwardly in time doesn't even have a theoretical evidence

GPUs are not tailored for some software, they are enhanced by optimizing some issues that occur on some well-known software .. but they're not tailored for any of them I've seen absurdity from semantic ambiguity to use specific jargon for everything .. I no longer care if they -1 me, it won't break symmetry or make the wrong come true

Xitenn, Graphical processors are not tailored for any software .. I think you should pay more focus on the design of your graphics processing model, Linerize your algorithms and optimize your methods .. that's how these software work like if they have no load on the GPU One more thing, you don't have to use wires to build a computer .. meaning, make use of the updates on tech and libraries

This sounds silly, but I've written an informal algorithm on the Envelope Problem (that make use of luck and luckiness): 1. Alpha = how lucky are you in general % 2. Beta = how lucky do you feel at the moment % 2. make an initial decision (set a bet on one of the envelops) 3. IF Alpha > 50% AND Beta > Alpha THEN Finalize your bet -- ELSE IF Alpha > 50% AND Beta < Alpha THEN Swap & Finalize -- ELSE (as preconfigured) Someone else (whose Beta > Alpha > 50%) will make the Swap for you

Here is a compiled code that works fine: C++, C .. I think this is the problem: scanf("%lf", s.latitude); a. if s.latitude is a pointer, it must be allocated before used b. if s.latitude is a variable, it must be preceded by & .. if your code still doesn't work then check these: 1. within the file: main.h 2. why name it main.h (which is assumed to be accompanied with main.c\main.cpp as its definition), change that file name 3. The compiler you're using, try another

Take a look at the documentation: http://eclipseclp.org/wiki/

Imagine we are at the time, when Euclid or Archimedes was living .. We wouldn't be aware of much

There are two approaches, One is that you want to prove that something is valid .. so you start from mathematics axioms (things we know are certain true) and try to derive logically that something. Just like what Bignose said "Axioms, by definition, are not meant to be provable. They are taken to be true.", axioms of mathematics were considered as a unified system, such that there wouldn't exist P and not P at the same time, that's part of history, mathematicians who worked for unifying all mathematics like David Hilbert and others. The other one is that you want to prove that two things can form a valid model, in which one can be derived from the other, and they don't contradict, in other words, it has to be valid and consistent. And to make sure that it's valid, you try logical derivation in both directions ...

Logic is simple to understand .. Logic is concerned with truthness of statement The propositional Logic, We have statements that use propositions only, every statement is either TRUE or FALSE First-Order Logic, We have statements that use propositions & variables, statements are either TRUE or FALSE Fuzzy Logic, We have statements that use propositions, variables, & other things, a statement has a Probability of Truthness [0, 1] propositions: is something constant, example 'the moon' in "the moon is red" variables: is something variant, example X (which can be anything) in "X is red" Probability: is a value between 0.0 and 1.0, that represent how likely it'd be true Propositional Example: "Bob drink tea or coffee" First-Order Example: "IF X > Y THEN Y^X > X^Y", where X, Y are variables with domain of Integer Numbers and axioms of Algebra Fuzzy Logic Example: "Hotel H has 70 occupied rooms of total 100 rooms", give us "Hotel H is 70% occupied" and "Hotel H is 30% available" ----------------------------- I understand that understanding the concepts is important in order to build the design, you mentioned that you want to build fuzzy systems (fuzzy logic based models), which are complex and need alot of work in different areas from Logic & AI to Statistical Models, I once worked on statistical models such as Bayesian Networks, Markov Chains, and Markov Hidden Models, different applications vary from CSP, SAT, Weather Forensics, .. to Natural Language Processing, Part-of-Speech Tagging, ..etc .. good luck

Your code is current, that's +1 for you .. I think I was mis-confused by old compilers, but it's good that they modified it

Two things, 1. [edited] your solution is correct 2. The second puzzle stated that the condition should not be changed, the condition is: X != X which seem impossible algebraically, but not according to undefined numbers in IEEE standard .. good luck, try the question I posted

"We know that higher gravity fields make clocks oscillate ("tick") more slowly." 1. What if we can make the clock, calculate the gravitational force, to normalize its timing ? 2. Can't we create a clock that has an oscillator that is, by some mechanism, not affected by gravity fields ? 3. There are variants, you know things that change with time and things that remain constant 4. "An object can have two positions in space, at the same moment" this is wrong, but is "An object is observed in two positions at the same moment" wrong ?

you mean "outside" the box, although I still wonder since when the box exist I love philosophical challenges, since I'm a philosopher .. I'm not good with mathematics and equations, but I'm good with logic .. and so, I will give you a hard one Question: Can unsolvable problems be solved ? Hints:

"If a bicycle wheel is radially symmetric, if you can spin it on its axis and it still looks the same in all directions, well, then, that symmetric translation must yield a corresponding conservation. By applying the principles and calculations embodied in Noether’s theorem, you’ll see it’s angular momentum, the Newtonian impulse that keeps bicyclists upright and on the move." NY Times Someone who's studying Engineering told me that the moving thin wheels are tangling ground by a continuous line, unlike not-moving thin wheels that are not moving, they are tangling ground by a point The last quote I understand well, but don't understand the meaning behind it is "whether you throw a ball in the air tomorrow or make the same toss next week will have no effect on the ball’s trajectory" NY Times The article conclusion is that Noether’s theorem shows that a symmetry of time is directly related to the conservation of energy. I know what is the conservation law of energy, but what is the symmetry of time .. I know super symmetry theory that says that universe is made of matters and anti-matters that sum up to Zero.

Time is an abstract entity, to study progress & relative progress between physics elements We fix our clocks from time to time to be sync with an international global clock, but there is no universal clock Speaking of which, can't constant invariants (over time) be used to create a perfect clock ? This website is nice, it has animations that illustrate different theories in Relativity: http://math.ucr.edu/~jdp/Relativity/SpecialRelativity.html

"We know that higher gravity fields make clocks oscillate ("tick") more slowly." 1. What if we can make the clock, calculate the gravitational force, to normalize its timing ? 2. Can't we create a clock that has an oscillator that is, by some mechanism, not affected by gravity fields ? 3. There are variants, you know things that change with time and things that remain constant 4. "An object can have two positions in space, at the same moment" this is wrong, but is "An object is observed in two positions at the same moment" wrong ?

I was reading articles, when I came upon this "riding a bicycle is safe." from an article on Noether's theorem, What I don't understand, is how was that riding a bicycle is safe concluded, and what is Noether's theorem ?

It's possible using 1 line of code, here it is in case you're curious your code doesn't work, because a^b is "a power b" in [math]\mathbb{Z}[/math], here is the solution int xor (int x, int y) { return (x ^= y); } void swap (int a, int b) { a = xor (a, b); b = xor (a, b); a = xor (a, b); }

Realizing what software that remove vocals from sounds really does help you know that perfect results are impossible (exception to some cases) They don't remove vocals magically .. they recognize the vocals (Step 1), and then pad them (Step 2)

I know that sounds that effects the body are related to the brain That's a slang word, trying to say "Bullshit" in a more civil way

Here is my first programming challenge, #include <stdio.h> int main ( ) { int X = 0; if ( X != X ) { printf ( "impossible can happen" ); } return 0; } The challenge is simple, modify the code above, such that the condition ( X != X ) return TRUE, "impossible can happen" will print, ------------------------------------------- Here is my second programming challenge, #include <stdio.h> void swap ( int * A, int * B ) { // write your code here } int main ( ) { int A = 1, B = 2; printf ( " A = %d, B = %d \n", A, B ); swap ( &A, &B ); printf ( " A = %d, B = %d \n", A, B ); return 0; } modify the code above, implement the swap function that swap values of A and B, BUT DO NOT DEFINE A NEW\TEMP VARIABLE ! ----------------------------------------- .. good luck

Zorro, I'm a muslim person by the way, I'm not against anything or against how one beliefs should be like, but in this place we have respect and science. Those scientists don't come up with speculations, they come with equations, models, systems that built on scientific roots, saying things such as "unreliable" is meaningless, Because in science we have theory, proof, soundness, rigorousness, and analysis .. I won't look to your beliefs, your vision for the future, or your speculations .. I will look to theory you can proof .. so if you don't like his theory, study mathematics and physics well and come up with a better theory and if you have a difficulty in understanding something, the experts here will help you ------------ "Everything from Nothing" means "All matter from No matter", it says that before the big bang there was Zero Matter, and alot of energy .. and somehow the creation operator was activated, which created all the matter in this universe .. and if you see things from the universe age, you will see that the universe was born at time Zero