Anatomy, Physiology and Neuroscience

The tissues in our body have the ability of controlling local blood flow. It can increase the blood flow in the local vascular beads, or it can decrease the blood flow in the local vascular blood. the tissue affects the local blood flow independent of the blood flow through the other tissues. Now, the blood vessels are connected in parallel and series. But, I don't understand, how the blood flow is regulated independently in the local tissue without affecting the blood flow to all other tissues. How is it possible? Someone kindly explain. How is the parallel and series connection concept helpful in understanding this. I'm reading Guyton By the way.

In heart surgery of children in case of strong cooling (deep hypothermal) there are two strategies with regards of pH regulation: pH-stat: keeping the measured pH constant alpha-stat: let the measured pH increase with falling temperature (actually doing nothing) (If you search in google scholar with "pH-stat alpha-stat" you will see the corresponding publications) I had a discussion with my daughter about it and we came to the following explanation (see chapter explanation below). Anything wrong with this thoughts? Theory: An pH electrode is measuring the absolute concentration of H3O+ (not the relation of [H3O+] to [OH-]). pH value changes caused by temperature chang…

I wonder whether the use of "reading spectacles" can actually make eyesight deteriorate. To put this question in context - I've unfortunately reached the age at which focussing on close things, gets difficult. So reading a book, requires holding it at quite a distance. Not exactly "at arm's length", but further away than is physically comfortable. To overcome this problem, I have for many years used a "reading-glass" - a single, non-achromatic, convex crown-glass lens, 4 inches in diameter. This lens has enabled me to read in comfort even the finest book-print, for hours on end, without any eye-strain. However the lens does have two drawbacks: 1. T…

Suppose someone speaks English and American Sign Language (a hearing person), and has no problem understanding English, but has trouble with verbal recall and reports frequent "brain fog" and having trouble forming thoughts. However, this person has no problem expressing herself in a spacial-visual language. Where do you think the problem originates? It's not speech-related, since writing is also affected (basically, anything to do with producing words). Memory tests average. I don't think it's language-related, since she's able to communicate in a spacial-visual language. (I imagine sign language would still involve language processing, but correct me if I'm wrong on th…

I know bloodflow to the brain essential to function well as it contains oxygen. However, it seems to me that differences in the quantity of bloodflow has different effects. When I become more active (it feels like there is more blood circulation in the brain during these times), I tend to function much better cognitively. Is this because the brain receives more oxygen? What if for some reason, the bloodflow decreases (less bloodflow than normal). Will this leave a permanent damage to the brain? Because often times, my bloodflow to the brain is noticably low (, a specific part of the brain feels blocked physically), and I become cognitively impaired. When I explained th…

I know bloodflow to the brain essential to function well as it contains oxygen. However, it seems to me that differences in the quantity of bloodflow has different effects. When I become more active (it feels like there is more blood circulation in the brain during these times), I tend to function much better cognitively. Is this because the brain receives more oxygen? What if for some reason, the bloodflow decreases (less bloodflow than normal). Will this leave a permanent damage to the brain? Because often times, my bloodflow to the brain is noticably low (, a specific part of the brain feels blocked physically), and I become cognitively impaired. When I explained th…

The afore-mentioned definition does not specifies which are the wavelength intervals at which colour vision peaks for these anomalous trichomat humans... Elsewhere wikipedia says but does not specifies any better... Could you specify the peaking (in wavelength) for these anomalous trichomats?

In leukaemia since immature white blood cells increase, do they overcrowd and decrease mature white blood cells. So does neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, leucocytopenia occur in leukaemia. Or does this deped on subtypes eg in some leukaemia B lymphocytes increase. Thanks

Amici, here, i would like to discuss conceptions of fast brain-machine communications. Classical scheme needs to use recognition of brain's activity that makes communication too slow, unstable & expensive hardware/software has to be used. ------------------ Very root of NKB is to teach brain to operate digital codes for communication with computer. Actually, conception looks like: * implant is connected with 33 groups of neurons to provide (up/down)link for 32 bits (each group plays as a bit). * first group of neurons is the flag to indicate the start of an operation (write/read). * other groups are used to command the kind of an operation & to re…

Did a quick search but couldn't find any good threads on this. I am looking for documentaries on neuroscience that are focussed on cognition. Particularly focussed on how certain neurological differences can improve ones cognition or impair it. I know neuroscience is a huge subject. But what interests me the most is how it affects intelligence, perception etc.. If there is any articles about this, I would like it if you add them to the list aswell. Thanks.

Apparently, after you sprain your wrist, you should rest it and put ice on it, but also, you should keep it above your heart level. http://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/wrist-sprain http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00023 I wonder why is that? Possibly to reduce the swelling?

Hello! My name is John. I want to be a Heart Surgeon in the USA, but I am not from USA. I don't live in the USA. What I have to do to work in the USA?I cannot afford the money to study 10-12 years in Universities. I think I should study in my country and then take a degree from USA. Am I right? So what should I do to work as a Heart Surgeon in USA? I know that this forum maybe is not for this kind of topic.Please answer!!!Thank you in advance!

MIT needs your help to help map the brain through a new Citizen Science project: https://eyewire.org/ Eyewire allows you to become an amateur Neuroscientist. Eye Wire is fun, engaging, challenging and most importantly, incredibly influential as your gaming accomplishments will be the data used in the full project to map out the human brain at *The Seung Lab*, MIT. Here's a message from MIT Neuroscience Professor Dr.Sebastian Seung: Registration is simple, so please give it a go at https://eyewire.org/

So today we were having a little debate about a rather gruesome subject: Is it really possible to kill someone by twisting their neck until it snaps? (Twisting in the same axis as you'd turn your head left to right. Presumably this would be done by grabbing the victim's head and turning. It's very popular in movies.) One person claimed she had asked her chiropractor and was told it was impossible. (I find this funny, as studies have shown the neck manipulations and twists chiropractors do can cause strokes.) I'm on the other side, as I seriously doubt such a twist would be very good for the spine. I just don't know if you can actually sever the spinal cord by twisting…

Okay, I need to preface this post by stating that yes, what I did was stupid and I probably deserve the consequences. A bunch of buddies bet me $50 that I couldn't jump over a two-foot high recycling bin. (They were a bit intoxicated at the time). Seeing an easy opportunity to win $50, I took them up on the bet. As I was approaching the jump, a bottle fell out of the bin and landed right where I was going to plant for my jump. When my foot landed on the bottle, my body gave way and I fell forward. My face made an impact on the side of the bin and the concrete pavement. As a result, I have some pretty nasty bruises and abrasions over my right eye, on the bridge…

Can you mentally control your heart rate? If so, what is the process?

I'm any expert in this field so I apologize ahead of time for my ignorance, but I'm someone who is generally curious about the pathology of obesity for some odd reason. I tend to subscribe to the set point theory(or similar models that entail heavily in the biology of obesity) even if it doesn't explain the social-economical aspects of obesity because it does a good job at modeling biological aspects which tend to be more tangible to me. Usually the current research is around energy homeostasis and the mechanisms that control it such as the metabolic and biochemical processes or neuroendocrine aspects like leptin, inuslin, gerhlin, PPY, NPY, etc and then studying …

After much research online I have seen more guesses than anything about this question so i thought this being a science forum we would put science behind it. I Guess we should give the question some parameters so the individual is a 30 year old male 5 ft 9 165 lbs in good health. The amount of beer can be adjusted if it does any good but each beer contains 153 calories. 5 grams carbohydrates other contents are irrelevant.

Hi, I was wondering if there existed a device capable of stimulating nerves non-invasively. By this, I mean : Is there a device that can specifically cause a localizes depolarization of a nerve great enough for it to fire an action potential without affecting other nerves around? If so, may anyone in possession of such knowledge be willing to share it with me. Thank you! Ethienne.

i am just curious does eidetic memory or elephant's memory exist in normal people ? if it does, what's the odds ? can normal people have eidetic memory or elephant's memory after being trained ? any genius was born to have eidetic memory ? how could we have a very good memory ? lots of Qs...just curious.

http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0042911 this article discusses the developmental problems related to the hippocampus that result from c-section, but doesn't consider remediation possibilities. are there any potential treatment strategies in the foreseeable future? would increasing ucp2 be beneficial?

Can a neuron "remember" being stimulated? Can it remember how long ago, or what pattern of stimulation it received (for example, three times in one millisecond and then two times in the following millisecond)? If so, can it use this information to figure out whether or not to fire?

Hi, This is my first post on this forum and was wondering if you guys could help me out with a quick question. I was wondering if there has been any studies that have been done that proved or disproved the idea that adult neuro-genesis could be inhibited in the hippocampus through different sub regions of the hippocampus inhibiting one another. For example: Could the posterior hippocampus, through the use of GABA and inter-neurons actually inhibit and reduce the size of the anterior sections of the hippocampus? Thank You

Afternoon (morning, evening) folks! This week I have been playing with pain, but fear not, it's in a good way! The Science Museum have launched a new exhibition called Pain Less which is all about the future of pain relief and some pretty interesting stories from the people behind the pain. Did you know that spider venom could be used in the future of pain relief? Crazy. You can play along and learn a lot more on the way at --- Check it out and tell me how you get on! I can just about reach the final level!

Hey everyone, My question is, what would happen if you raised the extracellular potassium concentration for a neuron to be very large (like 220 mMol)? I believe it would cause an influx of K+ ions through the membrane and you'd end up getting a very positive charge inside the cell. What effect would that have on action potentials? Would they just stop then? I guess one AP would fire, then the cell would stay depolarized. What would this do to Na/K ATPase? Would it just stop as there is already a lot of K+ or would it keep going? Also, what would happen if you raised the extracellular Na+ concentration to very large (like 220 mMol)? I assume there would be less…