HOW ???... the "epigenetic" CHANGES of the "environment" ???...

"influence" !!!... "either" negatively(-) !!!... ( from the very "VIOLENCE" !!!... at a young age for MANY "YEARS" !!!...) "or"

positively(+) !!!... ( growing up as a "child" in a family environment with "affection" and "love" !!!... )

HOW ???... do we "know" ???...

IF THERE ARE "good" !!!... and "bad" !!!... "genes" ???...

( if <ALL> our "genes" !!!... "create" some "protein-enzyme" !!!... that "only" good <do> !!!...)

HOW ???... the "environment" ???...

( through the "R.N.A.' of the "cells" !!!... )

can they "decide" ???... to"open" or "close" !!!.. if NOT "randomly" !!!... the "genes" !!!...

THANK You !!!...

Kosta - GREECE

Our genome consists of the base pairs and about 2% of these code for proteins. Epigenetics are involved in the regulation of those genes, switching them on and off.

A good book on this is called "Epigenetics Revolution" Nessa Carey. 2012.

I have read these two(2) "epigenetics" Biology-Books !!!... and I know about it !!!...

But My "Question" ???... WAS "different" !!!...

2 hours ago, studiot said:

I know that the Greeks invented Theatre, but there is only a minute amount of use for it in serious Science.

I also understand your three-way idea though I am no biologist and you haven't answered exchemist's question about of what relevance is this to biology and DNA as we know it.

Nor do I think Biology is anywhere near advanced enough to implement it.

Your proposals with the melamine and cyanuric acid complex is at the very forefront of current capability and research, but it is much simpler (for most) to use simplified diagrams to explain what is going on.

Workers are only just doing much simpler tasks with this (p 334 - 337 of The New Chemistry)ta - GREECE

Edited June 3Jun 3 by Koni

1 hour ago, Koni said:

But My "Question" ???... WAS "different" !!!...

Yes, it was different. Pretty much incoherent. People can’t answer a question if they can’t tell what’s being asked.

5 hours ago, Koni said:

HOW ???... do we "know" ???...

IF THERE ARE "good" !!!... and "bad" !!!... "genes" ???...

Genes are considered good if they increase survival probability. Bad if they decrease it.

Since genes can affect more than one specific trait, sometimes there are good and bad effects. e.g. a single sickle-cell gene affords protection against malaria. Two copies and you suffer bad effects.

<< Genes are considered good if they increase survival probability. Bad if they decrease it. >>

YES !!!... THAT is o.k. !!!...

But How ???... the "Good" !!!... or the "Bad" !!!... "enviroment" !!!...

Can "choοse" !!!... <between> !!!... "Good" and "Bad" Genes !!!... ( ??? )

Gene-Environment Interactions in Psychiatry:

Nature, Nurture, Neuroscience (1st Edition)

<< the basic processes of how environmental factors affect brain and behavior,

with part two describing the most important psychiatric disorders in detail. >>

Is it "true" ???... THAT "violence" in "childhood" !!!... can "lead" to "Schizofrenia" ???...

6 hours ago, Koni said:

<< Genes are considered good if they increase survival probability. Bad if they decrease it. >>

YES !!!... THAT is o.k. !!!...

But How ???... the "Good" !!!... or the "Bad" !!!... "enviroment" !!!...

Can "choοse" !!!... <between> !!!... "Good" and "Bad" Genes !!!... ( ??? )

Gene-Environment Interactions in Psychiatry:

Nature, Nurture, Neuroscience (1st Edition)

<< the basic processes of how environmental factors affect brain and behavior,

with part two describing the most important psychiatric disorders in detail. >>

6 hours ago, Koni said:

<< Genes are considered good if they increase survival probability. Bad if they decrease it. >>

YES !!!... THAT is o.k. !!!...

But How ???... the "Good" !!!... or the "Bad" !!!... "enviroment" !!!...

Can "choοse" !!!... <between> !!!... "Good" and "Bad" Genes !!!... ( ??? )

Gene-Environment Interactions in Psychiatry:

Nature, Nurture, Neuroscience (1st Edition)

<< the basic processes of how environmental factors affect brain and behavior,

with part two describing the most important psychiatric disorders in detail. >>

Is it "true" ???... THAT "violence" in "childhood" !!!... can lead to "Schizofrenia" ???...

( I personal !!!... had "Schizophrenia" from age 33 to age 53 !!!... ( 20-Years !!!... )

Edited June 4Jun 4 by Koni

My friend, my comprehension is already very poor, I can barely understand what you are typing.

1 hour ago, Sohan Lalwani said:

My friend, my comprehension is already very poor, I can barely understand what you are typing.

Bad Enviroment !!!... "lead" ???... to Bad Genes ???...

Good Enviroment !!!... "lead" ???... to Good Genes ???...

How ???...

1 hour ago, Koni said:

Bad Enviroment !!!... "lead" ???... to Bad Genes ???...

Good Enviroment !!!... "lead" ???... to Good Genes ???...

How ???...

Are…!!! You….!!! Referring!!!! To…Evolution?…???

If so…Get specific….,.,.,.. please

1 hour ago, Sohan Lalwani said:

Are…!!! You….!!! Referring!!!! To…Evolution?…???

If so…Get specific….,.,.,.. please

No !!!... I am NOT reffering to Evolution !!!...

I am reffering into the "Life-time" of the Development of an Organism !!!...

My Question goes So :

Case 1 :

The Good Enviroment "activates" !!!... the Good Genes !!!... and

The Bad Enviroment "activates" !!!... the Bad Genes !!!...

( Where it is questionable ???... which Genes ???.... are "Good" ???.... and which ???... are "Bad" !!!... )

Case 2 :

The Good Enviroment "activates" !!!... the Good Genes !!!... and

The Bad Enviroment "de-activates" !!!... the Good Genes !!!...

( Which is "more" reasonable !!!... )

THANK You !!!...

Kosta - GREECE

Edited June 4Jun 4 by Koni

19 hours ago, Koni said:

No !!!... I am NOT reffering to Evolution !!!...

I am reffering into the "Life-time" of the Development of an Organism !!!...

My Question goes So :

Case 1 :

The Good Enviroment "activates" !!!... the Good Genes !!!... and

The Bad Enviroment "activates" !!!... the Bad Genes !!!...

( Where it is questionable ???... which Genes ???.... are "Good" ???.... and which ???... are "Bad" !!!... )

Case 2 :

The Good Enviroment "activates" !!!... the Good Genes !!!... and

The Bad Enviroment "de-activates" !!!... the Good Genes !!!...

( Which is "more" reasonable !!!... )

THANK You !!!...

Kosta - GREECE

Neither case is universally right or wrong, but Case 2 is more scientifically accurate. The environment does not flip a “good gene” vs “bad gene” switch. Instead, it influences the timing, level, and location of gene expression, which in turn affects how an organism develops, behaves, and even how diseases may arise

25 minutes ago, Sohan Lalwani said:

Neither case is universally right or wrong, but Case 2 is more scientifically accurate. The environment does not flip a “good gene” vs “bad gene” switch. Instead, it influences the timing, level, and location of gene expression, which in turn affects how an organism develops, behaves, and even how diseases may arise

THANK You !!!... But "How" ???... "LOVE" !!!... "influences" the "Good-Genes" !!!... and "Violence" !!!... "influences" !!!... "Diseases" ???...

Are there ???... some "Protein-Enzymes" ???... which bind to the "D.N.A." ???...

The short answer is that everything is physics and chemistry.

Outside world ("the environment" you mention) influences blood contents and cell contents, different neurotransmitters are created and used, different hormones are used, the chemical balance changes, etc. etc.

All put together has some bearing on how DNA is interpreted during cell division, and which genes are activated and which are not.

From the net:

"Cortisol, a stress hormone, can affect gene expression by modifying DNA methylation or by acting on glucocorticoid receptors, which can lead to changes in protein production and cellular processes. Gene recession, or gene silencing, can result from these changes, such as through increased DNA methylation, which impairs gene access and function"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol

"expression" and 'gene expression" is several times mentioned even on the Wikipedia article.

Search the net ("the name of hormone + expression") for other hormones and similar articles.

"Hormones, particularly steroid hormones like estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, and testosterone, can directly influence gene expression. These hormones, or others like thyroid hormone, retinoic acid, and calcitriol, often act by binding to intracellular receptors that then act as transcription factors, regulating which genes are turned on or off. "

ps. Can't you write one coherent post? Try using ChatGPT to rewrite your questions.

ps2. I don't believe they didn't write about it in the books. You didn't read carefully. It's in the second paragraph of the articles on Wikipedia!

Edited June 5Jun 5 by Sensei

2 hours ago, Sensei said:

The short answer is that everything is physics and chemistry.

Outside world ("the environment" you mention) influences blood contents and cell contents, different neurotransmitters are created and used, different hormones are used, the chemical balance changes, etc. etc.

All put together has some bearing on how DNA is interpreted during cell division, and which genes are activated and which are not.

From the net:

"Cortisol, a stress hormone, can affect gene expression by modifying DNA methylation or by acting on glucocorticoid receptors, which can lead to changes in protein production and cellular processes. Gene recession, or gene silencing, can result from these changes, such as through increased DNA methylation, which impairs gene access and function"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol

"expression" and 'gene expression" is several times mentioned even on the Wikipedia article.

Search the net ("the name of hormone + expression") for other hormones and similar articles.

"Hormones, particularly steroid hormones like estrogen, progesterone, cortisol, and testosterone, can directly influence gene expression. These hormones, or others like thyroid hormone, retinoic acid, and calcitriol, often act by binding to intracellular receptors that then act as transcription factors, regulating which genes are turned on or off. "

ps. Can't you write one coherent post? Try using ChatGPT to rewrite your questions.

ps2. I don't believe they didn't write about it in the books. You didn't read carefully. It's in the second paragraph of the articles on Wikipedia!

Sorry !!!... THAT My English is NOT "perfect" !!!... and My "knowledge" about "Biology" too !!!...

("Cortisol, a stress hormone, can affect gene expression by modifying DNA methylation")

Why ???... "pain" or "sadness" !!!... can trigger our "Body" ???... and "Mind" !!!...

WHAT is the purpose ???... If "NOT" !!!... to "Help" us to "survive" !!!...

( I mean with "THAT" !!!... WHAT ???... Was the "purpose" THAT "I" was "ill" with "Schizophrenia" ???... ( for 20-Years ) !!!... )

@Koni

Your family has damaged genes (with a probability of up to 80%). To prevent their spread to future generations, all family members should voluntarily decide not to have any more offspring..

You had/have schizophrenia because your parents were irresponsible and did not make that difficult but necessary decision not to have offspring.

The same problem is with other genetic diseases.

19 minutes ago, Sensei said:

@Koni

Your family has damaged genes (with a probability of up to 80%). To prevent their spread to future generations, all family members should voluntarily decide not to have any more offspring..

You had/have schizophrenia because your parents were irresponsible and did not make that difficult but necessary decision not to have offspring.

The same problem is with other genetic diseases.

Hmm, I’m not sure your radical prescription is justified by the evidence: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/open-gently/201806/is-schizophrenia-hereditary-not-as-much-as-we-thought

12 minutes ago, exchemist said:

Hmm, I’m not sure your radical prescription is justified by the evidence:

From the context of this discussion, it can be inferred that Koni believes that his disease has a genetic basis.

ps. Today they write one thing, tomorrow they will write another, and the day after tomorrow they will write yet another. Your phrase “evidence” is out of place.

1 hour ago, Sensei said:

From the context of this discussion, it can be inferred that Koni believes that his disease has a genetic basis.

ps. Today they write one thing, tomorrow they will write another, and the day after tomorrow they will write yet another. Your phrase “evidence” is out of place.

The link I supplied was evidence-based, was it not?

THANK You "both" !!!... for the Helpful "Discusion" !!!...

My poor personal opinion !!!... Is THAT by the most cases !!!...

the "Genes" and the "Environment" !!!... they dance always "together" !!!...

🧬💃🕺🌳

Because !!!... "EVOLUTION" !!!... must have "something" !!!... to "change" !!!...

Kosta - GREECE

On 6/6/2025 at 1:26 PM, Koni said:

THANK You "both" !!!... for the Helpful "Discusion" !!!...

My poor personal opinion !!!... Is THAT by the most cases !!!...

the "Genes" and the "Environment" !!!... they dance always "together" !!!...

🧬💃🕺🌳

Because !!!... "EVOLUTION" !!!... must have "something" !!!... to "change" !!!...

Kosta - GREECE

Genes and the environment do work in tandem, Richard Dawkins wrote a book called "The extended phenotype," which explores the idea that genes change the environment. He was not aware of epigenetics at that time as it is understood today. He would have been aware of gene regulation.

You will be aware of Audrey Hepburn as an example and also ADH.

Why is it when I stop drinking for a few months then have a drink, it hits me hard?

Drink frequently and I feel normal?

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin,

is a hormone produced in the hypothalamus of the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. ADH helps the body maintain water and electrolyte balance by affecting the reabsorption of water by the kidneys. Specifically, it increases the permeability of the renal tubules, allowing water to be reabsorbed and thus reducing urine product.

I have also problem with My whait ( 143-Kgr ) and "other" problems with the function of My "kidneys" !!!...

I have ""ALL" !!!... the "Books" !!!... from "Richard Dawkins" !!!...

3 hours ago, Koni said:

is a hormone produced in the hypothalamus of the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland. ADH helps the body maintain water

Apologies, I was referring to Alcohol Dehydrogenase. I should have been explicit.