arc

I think it should be somewhat humorous in an ominous or inauspicious way. 1. "Omnes relinquite spes, o vos intrantes" (Abandon all hope ye who enter here) 2. "Welcome to SFN - where ideas are pounded into dust" 3. "Welcome to SFN - where even the greatest ideas are pounded into dust" 4. "Welcome to the SFN destructive testing laboratory - where your best ideas are pounded into dust" 5. "Welcome to the SFN destructive testing laboratory - where every great idea is pounded into dust" 6. "Welcome to the SFN destructive testing laboratory - Omnes relinquite spes, o vos intrantes" (Abandon all hope ye who enter here)

What is going on with all of these people who have come on here in the last little while and changed/added their profile picture? They all seem to have joined several years ago, only were on the site for one or two days and made zero posts, but now they suddenly decided to show up and change/add their picture. Seems odd.

Hello Doug, welcome to SFN. The biggest problem I see here is you do not cite any scientific research to support your conjecture. These independent observations of the natural world are not just needed, but they are actually required to raise your idea up to a more credible level of predictive strength. Right now all you have is your words describing the physical arrangement of the Earth’s crust as seen in the images that you yourself have supplied. So, now all I need to do at this time to falsify your idea is to cite one or more credible sources that will refute your very weak speculation. For example, your analysis appears to focus entirely on some manner of extensional forces that have in some manner moved the described crustal sections away from each other. You then conclude: “This would appear to leave us with only one remaining option for an Earth dynamic: Earth expansion.” This would undoubtedly require the crust to be predominantly in a state of tension to separate the crust in the manner that you have described above. I now simply need to counter your claim with contrary evidence from scientifically reputable sources that the crust is instead at this moment in a state of compression. http://www-geodyn.mit.edu/zubersite/pdfs/Zuber_92JGR1987.pdf MARIA T. ZUBER Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island "As most of the oceanic lithosphere is in a state of net compression, the question arises as to why intraplate deformation has developed in these regions and not in others." On top of this contradictory evidence above is the fact that this scientifically observed and measured compression is just part of a much broader set of observations of additional and even greater compressive forces that have been measured and described. http://ceas.iisc.ern...h_geology06.pdf Gravitational potential energy of the Tibetan Plateau and the forces driving the Indian plate Attreyee Ghosh, William E. Holt Department of Geosciences, State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11790, USA Lucy M. Flesch* Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA A. John Haines† Bullard Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0EZ, UK ABSTRACT "We present a study of the vertically integrated deviatoric stress field for the Indian plate and the Tibetan Plateau associated with gravitational potential energy (GPE) differences. Although the driving forces for the Indian plate have been attributed solely to the mid-oceanic ridges that surround the entire southern boundary of the plate, previous estimates of vertically integrated stress magnitudes of 6–7 1012 N/m in Tibet far exceed those of 3 1012 N/m associated with GPE at mid-oceanic ridges, calling for an additional force to satisfy the stress magnitudes in Tibet. We use the Crust 2.0 data set to infer gravitational potential energy differences in the lithosphere. We then apply the thin sheet approach in order to obtain a global solution of vertically integrated deviatoric stresses associated only with GPE differences. The multitudes of mountain ranges around the world are without a doubt one of the most dramatic expressions of compressive forces observed on the planet’s surface. Both in the sense that the structures are compressing through gravity the surrounding crustal plates, but also, they themselves are in turn pushing back, otherwise the mountains would be spreading out over the surrounding area and outwardly displacing these same crustal plates. ANNALS OF GEOPHYSICS, SUPPLEMENT TO VOL. 49, N. 1, 2006Mountain uplift and the Neotectonic PeriodCLIFF D. OLLIERSchool of Earth and Geographical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia 9.2. EXAMPLES 9.2.1. Tibet, Himalayas, Kunlun Mountains(As an example, consider the timing of uplift in Tibet and its bordering mountains. Gansser (1991) wrote: «... we must realize that the morphogenic phase is not only restricted to the Himalayas but involves the whole Tibetan block. This surprising fact shows that an area of 2500000 km2 has been uplifted 3000-4000 m during Pleistocene time and that this uplift is still going on.» In places the uplift rate is 4.5 mm/yr (five times the maximum in the European Alps). In short the Expanding Earth hypothesis has no answer to these massive structures. With just a few scientifically valid research papers a hypothesis without any similar support can be trivially shown that its supposition is false. Here is a link to a ResearchGate discussion on Plate Tectonics started by a purveyor of the Expanding Earth hypothesis; https://www.researchgate.net/post/Why_dont_we_immediately_stop_teaching_nonsense_aggregate_of_pseudoscientific_speculations_of_plate_tectonics You will see how poorly the idea can be explained and defended. One particular fact presented by a geologist was very robust and of course ignored; Scot Krueger Massachusetts Institute of Technology "The Earth is not expanding. We have a global network of geodetic stations which have determined the relative motions of thousands of points on the planet's surface for the last several decades and the net motions add up to zero for any global circuit. All the observed domains (the plates) which are semi-rigidly separating are matched by other domains which are converging. The geodetic data strongly support plate tectonics and refute the expanding earth concept. The expanding earth hypothesis is a simplistic notion that has been examined repeatedly for well over a century and repeatedly found wanting. This is an example of why peer reviewed science is so critical, as all it takes is one newbie with a seafloor map and a pair of scissors to decide they have rediscovered an old "truth" and in the world of uncontrolled access on the internet they can force a lot of practitioners to waste a lot of time reviewing and repeating old work to knock down these spontaneous visions of grandeur. I know of what I speak because I have had to whack this mole repeatedly over my entire career as a global tectonicist."

History has become much more subjective to broader opinions as our society has become more diverse in a multitude of aspects. You mention Columbus; did you know the Italians had made quite a big deal about him at the Columbia Exposition and were quite peeved when the Scandinavians moored a Viking ship within sight of there pavilion. So, you can now add an indigenous eliment to the disscusion and it could get rather contentious due to emotional elements involving religion, race, genicide, geography and so on. I would wager many conversationists would struggle to stay out of the potentionally contentious political aspect of the subjects. Look at the religion and politics sections for example. Don’t get me wrong though, I enjoy talking history as much as anyone, but the key word here is enjoy.

There is, its about planetary history. We call it Geology.

The building codes require ducting to be metal to prevent fire from having an avenue to spread between rooms and floors, the gypsum board is part of the same overall strategy to slow the spread rate of the fire to increase the escape time.

I love the older films where it appears they had some of the local citizens as extras. The Blob from 1958 had the theater scene where almost every person young and old who ran out of the building to escape the monster were grinning and laughing. It looks as unconvincing now as it did when I was 8 years old. This clip below appears they may have slightly sped up the film to help hide the smiles and/or add some needed tension. It's in Spanish BTW.

Pleasure is mine, I love this kind of stuff. Much of my childhood was spent reading old Popular Science mags from the decades before I was born, they were full of this kind of grand, over the top "soon we will be (fill in blank) extravaganzas. One Idea that popped into my head and then discarded; was to build an underwater pipeline, could the pressure on the outside counter the pressure needed on the inside? How many relay pumps would be needed at depth? OK, too complex. How about using geothermal heat at the source to generate the electric power for the processing and melting of the ice that would then be loaded into massive bladders that floated at almost neutral buoyancy. They would be sent off with autonomous guidance systems operating electric propulsion systems powered from solar voltaic receptors integrated into the bladders surface. They would be monitored from satellite and make up for their smaller volume and slow progress by being very low cost to operate and one of many in a vast fleet that would regularly arrive and then act as the destination's storage facility, no need to pump it into tanks on shore. They would just need to hook up a hose pipe and draw directly into the distribution system. The bladders would then be stacked on autonomous barges to be driven back to the source. Hey, you think I and my investors are going to let you have this whole market for yourself?!!!

I'm sure Marc has already thought this through because he's pretty detail oriented, but it would seem that just converting the ice to water and pumping it into a tanker at the source and then pumping it out at the destination would be the most efficient process due to several factors. Towing the berg involves losing a rather large percentage due to melt, not only during transport but also at the destination when it must be processed quickly to prevent continual loss. Towing an ice berg is really no different then putting it in a tanker that has very large holes in its tanks allowing spillage of its cargo in route. And of course the tanker is most efficient in terms hydrodynamics. Another problem is the bergs will periodically roll to adjust as the ice below surface melts quicker then the ice above the water line. Having tow lines pulled over or under the burg could be quite exciting for the crews involved and would likely lead to their disconnection by breakage or intervention that would then result in considerable delays for reattachment, and putting crews up close to reattach the lines would be almost criminally irresponsible if you could find anyone brave enough to get that close to an unstable massive block of ice of those proportions. An interesting article; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_trade

Years ago my employer purchased a new crane truck for me to operate; it was equipped with the customary duel air horns on top of the cab above the driver’s seat. A cord in the cab was connected to some linkage that passed through a rubber seal in the roof to where it then connected to a valve assembly on the air horns. On what may have been the first or second day of driving it; I was pulling out onto a street near an intersection just as the traffic light changed to red for the direction I was intending to go (right turn). There was about two car lengths of empty traffic lane extending from the driveway where I was waiting, to the stop line at the intersection. There was only one car that was immediately approaching from the left, but a block or so down the way was what looked like an endless string of cars. I anxiously waited for the young woman driving that first car to drive past me so I could pull in behind her before all those other cars came. (This town is known for how the cars and the traffic lights seem timed to conspire against you. And if someone would take up the left turn lane at the light I would not be able to make the turn into the street because the truck is so long, it was go now or wait much later in this regard) The young woman, who looked to be in her early twenties, stopped an entire car length short of the intersection, just past the front of my truck, so close I could not even put my bumper into the street. I put my hand in the center of the steering wheel where a padded horn button was located and lightly pressed down . . . nothing happened!, the smaller “car” like horn, that my previous trucks had been equipped with, was either malfunctioning or deleted by this manufacturer. As I looked back down the street at those fast approaching cars I reached for the air horn, I had only used the air horn in this truck once but I knew from using the ones on my old trucks that all I had to do was just barely pull the cord to let a little bit of air into the horns to make a small little squeak so as to get the young woman’s attention. Well, the air pushed open the valve and let out a blast so loud it caused the poor girl to jump in her seat as she quickly hit the gas to get out of the way. Worst yet, the horn would not shut off, I let the cord go completely slack at the first squawk but the valve stayed open, and as I pulled in behind her car I continued to try to release the valve only to make it louder!!! By now, she was sitting at the light pleading through her rear view mirror to the deranged psycho truck driver not to kill her. I could only continue to frantically yank on the cord while cussing at it in the most colorful display of language and what probably appeared to her as the angry shaking of my raised left fist. The light finally changed and we preceded slowly ahead, the horn shrieking its monotone death wail, and her, now turning her upper body to directly plead for her life between her car’s headrests while I continued my assault on the horn cord. We traversed in front of a gas station with probably a dozen people standing motionless as the spectacle slowly passed and then stopped behind the cars waiting for the next signal to change. By this time the young lady was so terrified I’m sure she thought about abandoning her car and making a break for safety. But the traffic began to move again and we continued on with her pleading for her life and me yelling and shaking my fist. When I finally reached the next intersection I couldn’t take her terrified gaze and the angry stares of the bystanders anymore and made a left turn against the signal to get to a large parking lot where I could finally disarm this WMD.

Just goes to show, not all sheep behave like . . . . . . well . . .sheep

The one that all men’s fate hangs in the balance of - Does this make my butt look big?

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powder_coating Powder coating is a great option. There are many small custom car, bicycle, and motorcycle builders that use this in their own shops using repurposed cooking ovens to cure or bake the coatings.

The Ferrari is capable of much higher RPM’s and for much more extended periods of time. This can only be done by very exacting design tolerances and assembling practices. They rather sound like what I would expect a very large high performance multi-cylinder motorcycle race engine would sound like if they had that much displacement.

Well Moon, I read through this post again, and the only cherry picker I can see at work here is you. I only addressed what you put forth as the most compelling evidence. In other words, I only furnished sound alternative answers that were based on a natural causation, to explain the cherries you picked out as being the most edible to your discriminating taste. Moreover, I readily and quite easily with the help of my friend Occam dispelled the notion that your special hand picked cherries are different then all the others scattered around the internet. And additionally, some of the evidence I showed was from the links you furnished. You ignored that evidence because it suggested an alternate narration to your predisposed position on this subject. You veered off the road to a scientific understanding of this subject when you started your new thread and posted that Washington D.C. link again in hopes of a different outcome. But hey, if doing the same thing over and over and expecting a different outcome is your way of fun then have at it.

Moon, I'm rather hurt. I thought I gave a reasonable argument that this was instead just natural phenomena causing confusion and wild speculation. https://www.scienceforums.net/topic/82231-ufo-smoking-gun/ Don't make me re-post those arguments!

Our company is located in Portland OR, those flip-flops and dead head t-shirts are increasingly becoming standard fare in our clientele, not surprising considering our lead in micro-brewing and decriminalizing cannabis. A good portion of the fidelity my employer has for me is that I committed fully to their early adoption of safe work practices. In most trades it is a rather hit and miss with both young and old, the young thinking they're invincible and the old thinking they're too experienced to get hurt. So, despite what my admitted behavior would indicate I'm quite the model employee. That said, I am also the go to guy when they need one.

Well, the boss' motivation was more crisis management then a reward. They kind of know that I'm perfectly willing to solve my own problems if they hesitate to address my requests for their involvement. My supervisor mentioned several weeks ago that I was the only employee that could throw a burning chair off the balcony and hit someone and not lose their job. He was joking of course, but I've been in this business 40 years and I'm probably way to comfortable in changing employers. But these folks are hands down the best I've ever worked for and would not do anything to rock the boat too much. Its mostly theatrics for my own amusement. Its kind of fun when people I haven't seen for awhile ask me if I really did do that to that guy's car.

Well, my first name is Marc, so I just dropped the M. I also enjoy geology and there are references to arcs in that, and some of the skill sets in my trade are in electrical and welding, so it is both descriptive and very efficient. That sign has my face on it because I have had the same parking space for over a dozen years and in that time all of the parking spots that were vacant finally filled as our company went from 10 employees to 53. Then one day a new young fellow parked in my spot and there were not any others left so I parked off site and mentioned to him politely that I had been parking there for so many years . . . . and well, the next day he was in it again and I asked him again . . . . . so, this went on for about three or four days, so one morning I drove out there with the fork-truck and moved his car and parked mine there . . . . . .and . . well . . . .now I have a sign.

But you must also factor in what nature has put in place to challenge such redundancy. One out of every 100 employees could probably qualify as a sociopath. Some estimates put it at 1 in 25. https://draxe.com/what-is-a-sociopath/ "Roughly one in 25 Americans is considered to be a sociopath, according to Harvard psychologist Dr. Martha Stout, author of The Sociopath Next Door". These individuals salted throughout the corporate organisation are likely undermining the honest efforts of any well meaning management. Each of these individuals would operate for their own benefit. Its when they work from the top position down the behavior sometimes produces levels of maleficence that garners headlines and indictments that bring the whole lot down. But mostly people just rise to their level of incompetence and remain there to the detriment of all who must suffer the consequences.

At any arbitrary place you choose. Continent to continent or region to region, country to country or state to state, even town to town. In big cities kids think they have some definable difference from other teens a few blocks away and will fight to express it. There have always been self-imposed selective attitudes among all societies throughout history. How the Romans viewed themselves and how they viewed everyone else is an example. What do you think of if I say European cultures or oriental cultures, I bet everyone pictures something different for each region. Is it a beautiful temple goddess in India or would it be a kimono clad girl in Japan, or is it one of the many other untold possibilities. The line could be drawn at the last two survivors of a vanishing island people in the South Pacific or everyone who resides inside the boarders of China.

Yes, that was my realization too, after I had considered the way changing the circumference on a car tire would change speed ratios yet changing the length of a track belt in any direction would have no effect on the vehicle's speed rather busted the whole argument for me. The whole thing is dependent on the radial distance from the shaft center and the track belt is not round or centered on that very obvious detail. +1 to Bender for the breakdown.

I've been thinking on this for the last hour and believe that animation is not a good representation of the situation. The frame and assembly shown above is more rigid and would give the expected result. But the snow mobile track belt is likely very flexible with little chance that an increase in the track belt's profile could add up to some effect. Right now I would say it would have no effect on the speed ratio. Will be pondering this for now.

If we were to increase the red drive sprocket's diameter (the number of teeth would need to increase to properly engage the track belt) the new larger outside surface diameter of the sprocket would rotate at the same RPM as the old diameter did. It would however cover more contact area of the track belt in the same amount of time as the old diameter sprocket did. The track belt would thus move faster. This means that by adding any extensions to the track belt you would be doing the same thing as you did to the sprocket. You are making the now longer outside contact area of the track belt change its speed or "surface contact area covered in one revolution" . When you extend the contact surface OUTWARD whether by tread or spikes or lugs you are increasing its surface area and by that its speed respectively. This is very similar to the effects that occur when tire sizes are changed slightly and will thus change the speedometer reading in proportion to the tire size difference.

In the information below the substantial despositional history of catastrophic Glacial Lake Missoula flood materials over the excavation site and surrounding areas is shown. The only way I can imagine the rock specimen could be buried so deeply is by substantial seasonal flooding due to heavy rains and snow melt from the surrounding tributaries of the Willamette River sometime after the rock was transported from the coast by native inhabitants. https://digital.osl.state.or.us/islandora/object/osl%3A747/datastream/OBJ/view Another possibility is seen by the region's many past volcanic eruptions that were illustrated so well by the Mt. St. Helen's eruption and following lahar that overwhelmed the massive Columbia River with debris and graphically shows to what degree a lahar could impact the area's river channels. It would seem reasonable that extreme weather or volcanic events could have caused flooding that redistributed the Missoula Flood deposits over the rock sample. The Lahar deposit shown below on the Willamette River is some 80km up river from the excavation site, a substantial temporary damming of the river could cause a tremendous flooding event. https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1620/pdf/pp1620.pdf I will need to locate the evidence for such an event that could bury the sample sometime in the last 6-7 thousand years. On the other hand, the weather related flooding may be the more reasonable solution to this mystery.