LaurieAG

6 minutes ago, Strange said:

Not at all. An argument can be qualitatively correct (eg. “nuclear power is very safe”) even if it is quantitatively wrong (“it has only ever killed one person”).

to him who says to the burden of the proof, it is not he who denies the truth

I sent an image of my right hand to the Vatican in Peace and Harmony many years ago and you rejected it, multiple times.

It was the man with the skirt that has the horned viper poking out from his loins, the missing right hand, the red branch on his left arm, Apollo's Bow in his right, the spear poking out from his knee, the mystic cross level with his head as they all appear in the lines on my right hand (Palestine) and I'm not going to talk about the upside down man with the triangular hat on the lines of my left hand. At least 'the ancients' could recognize their messengers when they held up their right hand so please do everything in your power to prevent massacres of the innocents.

Do not make this last battle a reality and release the dogs of war, because we all lose.

DEUS NOLI/NOLITE ALEA

MODO/POSSE SCIRE MISCERE

I just think it is terrible that certain people take no responsibility for their activities and dump their crap on innocent people.

I have friends with children who are building a house out there near Jimboomba at the moment and I am not impressed!

Similar to what happened last Friday?

7 hours ago, Sensei said:

Current methods ("carbon tax") are not constructive. Electricity making companies will pass the all costs to their customers and they will be, as always, victims of the regulation made by government. Current methods rely on private companies to do everything (to earn money). Investors interested in renewable energy sources are starting from ground level and what they will earn one year will invest in the next year which drastically limits the growth rate. State-owned solar panels making companies can start from hundreds production factories across the entire country without bothering about cost of such giant investment since day zero (establishment of such company). If government would not pay for Apollo program, private business sector would not ever do in, as it is impossible to make money on it! Private business mostly do everything the easiest ways to earn money. It is unlikely that SpaceX would make rockets if they would not have possibility to make deal with NASA for delivery of stuff to ISS. Where would these rockets fly? Such company would be infinite hole sucking in the all investors moneys and would not ever return investment in any predictable time span. It would remain toy of billionaire or never being established.

If SpaceX Rocket Boosters run on Cryogenic Liquid Oxygen and Refined Petroleum 1 it just drives up the price of Petroleum while carrying with it a cryogenic storage system for whatever can get through its fuel seals while in space and the Chinese Long March series Rocket Boosters aren't that much different.

The RP-1 Booster engines in the Falcon 9 uses RP-1 (alternately, Rocket Propellant-1 or Refined Petroleum-1) is a highly refined form of kerosene outwardly similar to jet fuel, used as rocket fuel.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RP-1

Meanwhile the new generation of Long March rocket family, Long March 5, and its derivations Long March 6, Long March 7 will use LOX and kerosene as core stage and liquid booster propellant, with LOX and LH₂ in upper stages. While the Long March 11 uses these solid propellant + Oxidizer loads as well.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)#Propellants

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_March_11

So does anybody know what else happens when a Cryogenic Oxygen/Refined-Petroleum engine'd Rocket Booster travels from the tip of the F2 region of the Thermosphere, from the Appleton layer at 500km and transports excess electrons  down to the top of the E region or Kennelly-Heaviside layer at 125km as identified by Gupta?

Winds generated in the lower ionosphere by thermal forcing from below have characteristic periods expressed as submultiples of a day. Waves with a period of 24 hours dominate at low latitudes, whereas those with a characteristic period of 12 hours are more important at high latitudes.

The origin of the waves is basically similar to that of oceanic tides caused by the pull of lunar gravity. The vertical motion that generates ionospheric waves, however, is the result of the diurnal pattern of heating and cooling rather than gravity. Additional waves can arise owing to irregular forcing, associated, for example, with thunderstorms, motion over mountain ranges, and other small-scale meteorological disturbances. These small-scale disturbances are referred to as gravity waves to distinguish them from the more regular planetary-scale motions excited by the diurnal cycle of heating and cooling. The regular response to thermal forcing is known as the atmospheric tide.

Would whatever Energy/light mixture or Atmospheric Lunar tide and gravity wave along with whatever else it carried with it appear on Dual Doppler systems as patches of zero wind?

Like the one that dissipated just before Beaudesert in South East Queensland at 11:00 UTC on 24/01/2020 on the Australian Mount Stapylton Dual Doppler Radar?

On 1/23/2020 at 12:19 PM, iNow said:

Thanks for your opinion. Do you have anything relevant to say?

I worked in IT as an operational HRIS systems administrator in a 3,500 employee public organisation and I worked very closely with internal and external Auditors to make sure that our data wasn't polluted with a whole pile of crap. I was the business owner of the organisation's HRIS and databases and had legal obligations under state information security and Information privacy laws in my position description so I treated that responsibility very seriously and refused to make any changes that weren't legit.

After that job I applied for a similar job on the same platform at a large private/health organisation and went to the interview. Unfortunately I made the mistake at the end of it by saying that the internal/external auditors at my last job would most certainly want to be informed of some of the 'data cleansing' tasks in the position description and they said 'we wouldn't do anything like that' and then pulled the bloody job.

There's horses for courses and modifying data to suit your purposes just doesn't wash in my professional opinion.

Rather than having a flat 'carbon tax' system like the one rejected a couple of years ago internationally, I would advocate a more nuanced system that broke down the full manufacturing 'environment cost' process into onshore and offshore components so that goods imported from countries which didn't support such a system could have their offshore components levied appropriately when they came back onshore to a country that did. Why allow rich offshorers to pocket what we effectively will have to pay (and get richer) when those external goods come back onshore?

After all, at the moment in Australia we have more ash and broken beer bottles than you can poke a sharp stick at, but we would have to import the bloody sack cloth if we had a 'carbon tax' like that proposed before.  

Hi Ken,

I originally used hydrometers for manually testing the silt portion of gravel (with a flocculant) in a Geotechnical and Materials Testing Laboratory in the late 1970's but the Hydroclones are a good fit for your project.

Incidentally my father worked for a local sand mining operation, about 5km from where I live, that incorporated multiple very early Hydroclones into one of the the first floating processing plants connected to a floating sand mining dredge in the 1960/70's. The first separators filtered out the sand/silt and passed the denser particles to the other separators for further processing into 4 different mineral sands, Rutile, Ilmenite, Zircon and Titanium. The company my father worked for surveyed all areas before mining, grew native plants in nurseries during mining, and then restored the original profiles and regenerated and maintained the native vegetation after mining.

Here's a quote from Biography of Joe Pinter, who emigrated to Australia just before WWII and developed the original 'conical spinning separator' concept for mineral sand separation during WWII,  and who also founded the company my father worked for in 1946. The older separators/hydroclones were lined with hardwood and were held in place with bolted metal bands that had to be replaced regularly as it wore out. This wood was excellent for recycling as unique and unusual benches, chairs, tables and other household furniture.

Pinter designed a separator to produce pure rutile from a concentrate of rutile and ilmenite, from ore obtained from Zircon-Rutile Ltd, Byron Bay. This first commercial production of separated rutile in Australia met a strong wartime demand from firms in Australia and Britain. Seeking new sources of rutile, he then devised an electrostatic machine to separate rutile and zircon and used other suppliers, Mineral Deposits Syndicate in Queensland and Coffs Harbour Minerals Syndicate.

http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/pinter-joseph-15465

4 hours ago, Sam t said:

Hi,
I have a question I have been thinkimg about.
How much water is "lost" in the chemical reaction of concrete globally per year? And can that amount have an affect on global weather? Drought?
Cheers,
Sam.

The water isn't exactly trapped during hydration as water in excess to the chemical reactions forms voids in the concrete during curing and over time. These voids can allow external water to corrode the reinforcing in the concrete, often called concrete cancer, leading to structural problems. The answer to your second question is no.

http://matse1.matse.illinois.edu/concrete/prin.html

Water is the key ingredient, which when mixed with cement, forms a paste that binds the aggregate together. The water causes the hardening of concrete through a process called hydration. Hydration is a chemical reaction in which the major compounds in cement form chemical bonds with water molecules and become hydrates or hydration products. Details of the hydration process are explored in the next section. The water needs to be pure in order to prevent side reactions from occurring which may weaken the concrete or otherwise interfere with the hydration process. The role of water is important because the water to cement ratio is the most critical factor in the production of "perfect" concrete. Too much water reduces concrete strength, while too little will make the concrete unworkable. Concrete needs to be workable so that it may be consolidated and shaped into different forms (i.e.. walls, domes, etc.). Because concrete must be both strong and workable, a careful balance of the cement to water ratio is required when making concrete.

http://www.remedial.com.au/structural-repairs/concrete-cancer

Hi Ken, welcome to ScienceForums.net.

You probably need something like a digital hydrometer.

The following link has 2 products that might suit your purposes but they are expensive (prices on the link).

   WG-9033A   -        Optional analog output board (4-20 ma)

https://gardco.com/pages/density/electric_hydrometer.cfm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d'état

The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'état (Persian: کودتای ۲۸ مرداد‎), was the overthrow of the democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favour of strengthening the monarchical rule of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi on 19 August 1953,[5] orchestrated by the United States (under the name TPAJAX Project[6] or "Operation Ajax") and the United Kingdom (under the name "Operation Boot").[7][8][9][10] It was the first covert action of the United States to overthrow a foreign government during peacetime.[11]

Whatever happened to "do unto others as you would have others do unto you"?

One thing that hasn't come up in this thread yet is the individual factions within the left and right political spectrum and how they play ball with each other.

From an Australian perspective we have a left wing that has a right wing that is stronger than the right wing faction of the right wing itself. This left wing right wing faction also seems to prefer attacking its own left wing faction much more than it attacks the whole of the other right wing party. It seems that if you take the right wing and the minority interests out of the left wing parties these days you don't have that much left.

Admittedly Australia, and particularly my home state, is effectively ground zero for the news empire of Rupert Murdoch and both left and right wing governments have benefited from this over the years while no tax is paid to the public coffers.

This severe problem with left wing parties is quite apparent when you consider the election of Donald Trump in the US, Boris Johnson in the UK and Scott Morrison in Australia. Basically the right wing of the left wing parties have disenfranchised their traditional left wings (bigots and racists) and have replaced them with LGBT etc and Greens so the traditional left wing left factions have no choice but to support the lesser of 2 evils, i.e. the right wing parties who are less right wing than the right wingers of the left.

As this degradation of the left continues world wide I don't see that voting patterns will change either.

As somebody who has worked extensively with internal and external auditors in a technical capacity, intimate knowledge of the whole process being undertaken is essential to prevent quality assurance lapses that can have large impacts on data quality. Here are a couple of concerns re Australian Climate data collection.

https://jennifermarohasy.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Marohasy-to-Finkel-20180504.pdf

Indeed, it could be concluded that the current system is likely to generate new record hot days for the same weather –because of the increased sensitivity of the measuring equipment and the absence of any averaging/smoothing. To be clear, the highest one-second spot reading is now recorded as the maximum temperature for that day at the 563 automatic weather stations across Australia that are measuring surface air temperatures.

https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/38584/1/38584 Parker 2015.pdf

Abstract
We previously discussed as the warming of Australia evidenced by the Australian Climate Observations Reference Network (ACORN) data set is artificially created by the arbitrary correction of the truly measured temperatures making cooler the  temperatures of the past [1-4]. Gillham [5] has freshly brought to the attention of the scientific community two old data sets that further support our claim, proving once more how the ACORN corrections are wrongly set up to magnify the warming  trend where actually they should rather cancel the urban heat island effect reducing the trend.

I have actually read a report that audits and compares the Australian ACORN 1 and 2 data sets and comes out with similar results to A. Parker above (not by a scientist). It stated that 12 data locations were removed from ACORN 2, due to them being 'heat islands', although the rising trend in ACORN 2 is severely reduced when the data from those 12 locations is included in the data set.

I think science has become too politicized to be able to provide the correct results without adequate quality assurance procedures or regular auditing by technical people who know what they are doing.

8 hours ago, CharonY said:

I find that to be a rather important point. According to some reports the suspected weight of the stainless steel body (and added cost) and the requirement of a rather large battery. Not sure how true that is, but there is at least one article casting doubt of it hitting all the numbers as well as cost.

Yes, what they don't say is often more important these days.

There are also concerns for other road users and pedestrians due to its current stiffness and sharp edges..

https://thedriven.io/2019/11/27/tesla-cybertruck-may-be-unsafe-for-other-road-users-says-australian-safety-chief/

On 11/27/2019 at 3:24 PM, Curious layman said:

From wiki :-

Tesla Cybertruck model specifications^[9]

Model	Range (EPA est.)	0–60 mph (0–97 km/h)	Top Speed	Payload	Towing capacity	Price (USD)
Single Motor RWD	≥ 250 miles (400 km)	< 6.5 seconds	110 mph (175 km/h)	3,500 lb (1,600 kg)	≥ 7,500 lb (3,400 kg)	$39,900
Dual Motor AWD	≥ 300 miles (480 km)	< 4.5 seconds	120 mph (195 km/h)	3,500 lb (1,600 kg)	≥ 10,000 lb (4,550 kg)	$49,900
Tri Motor AWD	≥ 500 miles (800 km)	< 2.9 seconds	130 mph (210 km/h)

Pity nobody has net weights for the different models as I assumed the range differences would be due to a standard battery pack being used for all engine configurations.

3 hours ago, Curious layman said:

Three models have been announced, with range estimates of 250–500 miles (400–800 km) and an estimated 0–60 mph time of 6.5–2.9 seconds, depending on the model.^[9]

https://www.businessinsider.com.au/tesla-cybertruck-pickup-truck-pictures-info-details-price-2019-11?r=US&IR=T

The truck is made of a heavy-duty stainless steel and armoured glass and advertises three configurations: single-motor rear-wheel-drive, dual-motor all-wheel-drive, and tri-motor all-wheel-drive.

So the single engine 2WD has a claimed range of 500 miles and the 3 engine AWD has a claimed range of 250 miles.  Would the 3 engine version be the fastest or would the single engine beat it as it has to pull less weight (2 less engines)?

https://youtu.be/UXA--dj2-CY

If what Trump did was wrong how can this be ok?

3 hours ago, Raider5678 said:

I hated art so much growing up, I would have refused to take a STEAM course. Other people's ideas of what "creativity" is, is so flawed it's laughable.

Where do you think Steam Punk sci fi fantasy came from lol.

Just wait until the politicians change Science Technology Engineering Maths (STEM) into STEAM by adding Arts into the mix.

https://theconversation.com/explainer-whats-the-difference-between-stem-and-steam-95713

The main difference between STEM and STEAM is STEM explicitly focuses on scientific concepts. STEAM investigates the same concepts, but does this through inquiry and problem-based learning methods used in the creative process.

This looks like groups of learners working collaboratively to create a visually appealing product or object that is based in the understanding of a STEM concept, such as the mathematics of the parabola used to create fine art imagery.

From Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea#Biblical_canon

The main source of the idea that the Bible was created at the Council of Nicaea seems to be Voltaire, who popularised a story that the canon was determined by placing all the competing books on an altar during the Council and then keeping the ones that did not fall off. The original source of this "fictitious anecdote" is the Synodicon Vetus,[82] a pseudo-historical account of early Church councils from AD 887

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea

On 10/12/2019 at 10:21 AM, Externet said:

I had this document prepared almost 20 years ago in U.S. as is supposed to be valid at any country, avoid complications, taxes, fees, lawyers, delays to my beneficiary when am gone, and has been kept updated as supposed to be.

The agreement seems to refer to a Tontine agreement between 2 people. Tontine's are usually made between a group of people where the group ownership of something reverts to the last surviving member of the group.

My father had a tontine with my late mother and when she passed away all of her assets were immediately transferred to my fathers name. The local council tried to charge rate penalties and transfer fees on their house and land but this was thrown out of court and my father was determined as being the legal owner of the property immediately after my mum passed away.

It might be an idea to find out how your country treats tontines, especially if you are from the US.

From Google:-

Tontines are regulated in Europe under the Directive 2002/83/EC of the European Parliament and are still common in France. Questionable practices by U.S. life insurers in 1906 led to the Armstrong Investigation in the United States restricting some forms of tontines.

Descriptive comments and structured programming techniques are probably the best things that all programmers can do at all times but comments are a little different.

If you have worked on much legacy code you have probably already seen extremes from both ends of the commenting spectrum. From those who think that comments only induce people who don't know how to read code to stuff up programs to people who comment on every single line.

I can see the benefits of both extremes and tend to go for a happy medium where comments are used as necessary/sparingly to describe the tricky bits and the garden variety code speaks for itself.

Don't forget about Nayirah.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayirah_testimony

H.J.Keisler "Elementary Calculus an Infinitessimal Approach"

PDF link : http:// https://www.math.wisc.edu/~keisler/keislercalc-03-07-17.pdf

On 9/18/2019 at 11:18 PM, boo said:

what do you ( or scientists) think it is exacly?

The ratio of calculated universal matter (per the LambdaCDM model) verses visible universal matter (from WMAP or PLANCK data) equals 2*Pi +/- 1.1% (for both).

I flick through all the global cable news stations around midnight GMT on most days and all I can say is that obsessing over trivial BS and endless partisan speculation that is neither here nor there won't get an impeachment nor be a hindrance to re election.