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sunspot

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  1. Traditionaly, to the present, time is viewed as a referencing tool by which one can measure the change of state of events. Distance is often considered another such referencing tool by which one can measure separation of phenomena. Special relativity shows that these two referencing tools change between velocity based references. But special relativity also says that the laws of physics are the same in all references. This last statement implies that time and distance must be more than referencing tools; they also need to be potential based entities or substances similar to mass. The reason this is so is that for the laws of physics to be the same, independant of reference, would imply that changes within mass, distance and time relativity, is sufficient to alter the behavior of the four forces of nature to account for the higher kinetic energy of all the particle at higher relativistic velocity. If time and distance were only referencing tools, this would imply that mass changes alone could explain, say, pertubation in the EM force. This logically implies that if time and distance are just referencing tools, Einstein was wrong about the laws of physics staying the same in all references; Or it he was correct, time and distance must also both be potentials.
  2. If we look at atoms they are mostly space, with tiny electrons filling in the volume. The nucleus is less than 1%. If we compress an atom, this should mean less space for the electron clouds or orbitals. The logical result would be the outer orbitals disappearing and only the lower orbitals, which are viable in the reduced space, remaining.
  3. The answer that Sisyphus gave was appropriate to matter compressed to where the electrons clouds/orbitals are essentially gone and the nuclei, if any are left, are very close together. The state of atomic compression I was talking about is when the electron clouds/orbitals are still viable and large atoms still have many electrons. This state of matter is more in the range of what one might expect to find within the mantle of a planet, many levels of compression away from neutron density.
  4. Let me approach this from another angle. Does the idea of hydrogen bonding being the integration variable within cells violate any laws of science, physics, chemistry, logic or common sense? There has been almost no positive response to this idea, yet nobody has ever offered a single reason why it can not be. I realize the burden of proof is on me, but with such a negative universal irrational reaction, no amount of proof is ever enough. The question might be, why is everyone so against the idea, especially when it creates a logical model of the cell?
  5. The reason it would ionize is due to the overlap of the electron clouds. The overlap implies the electrons sharing the overlapping orbitals. This might be visualized as loosely analogous to chemical bonding within inner orbitals, which overlap continuosly within large volumes of atoms. Therefore the electrons are no longer physically connected to only the original atom, but can now circulate beyond the atom. If ionization means complete isolation of an electron from the original atom, the circulation takes care of that. New electrons may replace the old (sharing) but the original is ionized (repulsion ionization). The circulation/sharing should magnetic add and lower the repulsion between the electrons. If the final goal of extreme compression is neutron density, continuity would imply atomic distengration into smaller and smaller atoms.
  6. You guys seem to lack imagination. You are so busy knit picking that you have a difficult time grasping new concepts. Maybe if I type slower, which is hard to do since I type with two fingers. I have attempted in the past to point out the importance of hydrogen bonding for cellular integration, but everyone seems to go into a state of denial rather that attempt to understand where I am coming from. That is why I decided to loosen the bias of tradition. So I will try one more time. 1) The main component within a cell is water 2) The physcal and chemical properties of water are dependant on hydrogen bonding. 3) All the bioactive materials within a cell are dependant on hydrogen bonding 4) Hydrogen bonding defines the properties of DNA, RNA, and proteins 5) Hydrogen bonding is both static (fix structure) and dynamic (reversal hydrogen bonding as occurs on the DNA). 6) If one removed hydrogen bonding from a cell it would stop functioning 7) Most of chemistry is based on the electron, while the living state is based on both the electron and proton 8) The fastest entity in water is the hydrogen proton. It can travel about 100 times faster that any ion. 9) Cellular modeling can be simplifed by modeling the cell in terms of this one universal variable that is everywhere within the cell. 10) This single variable is also everywhere within multicellular life 11) Modelling life in terms of hydrogen bonding does not preclude the science that already exists. It does however, simplies things so that one can make rational predictions.
  7. Picture a very hot high-pressure taffy of atoms similar to the earth's mantle. To begin the analysis, the temperature and pressure are high enough where all chemical bonds are broken. The distinct atoms will be crowding and pushing against it each other ionizing their outer most electrons. Next, let us decrease the volume substantially. Since atoms are mostly space, as electron clouds, the loss of volume will mean less volume for the electron clouds, resulting in lower atomic orbitals overlapping. The logical result should be the overlapping orbital electrons repulsion ionizing, and then gradually reorganizing themselves to share the overlapping orbitals. This process will be called ionization sharing. If compress further, eventually we will reach a point where the electron repulsion/ionization energy will be near that of the nuclear force. The logical result will be the disintegration of larger atoms into smaller atoms. The smaller atoms by ionization sharing their electrons fairly early in the compression do not hold/attract electrons tight enough to receive as much direct nuclear damage at the higher pressure. Does anyone has an idea what would is the largest atomic nuclei that can exit without electrons. Oxygen should be stable and maybe a little higher.
  8. That would imply a meta-stable state where outward repulsion between neutrons is overcome by gravity. What is interesting about this scenario is that gravity and nuclear repulsion could theoretically form a delicate state of balance. If gravity was to decrease, due to matter becoming energy, the neutron density will expand again?
  9. Let me summarize. I started with the comment that our white blood cells contain our DNA. In a silly sense, they are us as a single cellular organism. I then posulated the sci fi theory that full multicellular animals could appear from these since they have all the needed DNA. It was pointed out that this was not viable. The conclusion I then reached was that the DNA of itself (even though mini me has our entire DNA) is not sufficient to express its own genetic potential, or else a mini me could form a full human. Since the DNA is not at the top of the heap, other potentials are more fundamental. Theoretically, maybe in the future, we can take a white blood and induce it to become a full human. Stem cell research starts with easier to manipulate cells and may someday not require stem cells. The overall conclusion was that above the DNA are chemical potentials that we can add to stem cell, etc., to bring out the potential in the DNA. Zyncod then pointed out how lymphocytes reshuffle their DNA. This was good example how chemical potentials reach a state of uncertainty. One may trace the shuffling to chemicals but how do these know exactly where to cut and paste. The how is explainable with chemicals but the why needs another layer of potential. This is where I began my long winded attempt to teach the importance of hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding does not just hold things together, which is does, but it is also a dynamic variable, such as occurs during transcription. I tried to show how it is the basis for the properties of water and how water is everywhere within the cell. It seems reasonable to me that the hydrogen bonding within the cell is somehow integrated and coordinated. If one uses this simple premise, many of the whys, such as genetic reshuffling have easy explanations.
  10. The psychologist Jung called this mythological factor within humans the collective unconscious. In loose terms, it would be genetic based personality software, part of the human brain at birth, which makes human nature similar in all humans. For example, falling in love is very similar, independant of culture and time in human history. Many cultures with no physical connection often create similar mythologies, although the names will different. Even some primitive cultures have myths of a great flood. UFO's are probably a modern myth stemming from the same source within the psyche and shows their ability to project from within. Their mythological nature may or may not be the basis for religion. But what is interesting is that all myth characters are usually higher up in ability than us mere humans, suggesting the collective unconscious being a source of higher human potential.
  11. I would like to pose a question about neutron density, such as the neutron desnity that stems from the collapse of a large star. Is the resultant neutron density only there due to gravity, or is it a stable state of neutrons that would continue to exist even without gravity (hypothetically)? In other words, in our normal world, neutrons do not form nuclear bonds with just other neutrons. They need protons. Does this repulsion between neutrons hold true for neutron stars or does the gravity compression decrease the distance between neutrons to a critical distance to where the nuclear repulsion force becomes attractive and the neutron density becomes a stable state of matter?
  12. The genetic stereo types of today are not that much different than the blue and red blood mentality of yester year. The blue bloods had all the advantages and attributed their social condition to good breeding. When opportunity was given to the red bloods and the blue bloods loss their opportunity monopoly, the correlation broke down.
  13. Sorry about the confusion. If one begans with the premise that the earth has a fusion core, the hydrogen contained within the surface water would contain fuel value and be a fuel depot for the fusion core. What I called fusion potential is associated with its potential fuel value.
  14. There are two orientations by which one focuses consciousness, with are extroversion and introversion. An extroverted orientation has the current behind consciousness flowing into the vocal cords and body. While an introverted orientation has the same current flowing into the imagination. Most people can use both orientations, although most people usually are born with one of the other as their primary orientation.
  15. Most people has selective attention to details. When one is immersed in a movie, one will often lose track of the surroundings. Maybe what is recalled in the imagination is connected to one's selective attention.
  16. sunspot

    Helium

    The stabilty of helium is derived from the magnetic addition of the electrons within its outer 1S orbitals, while the rest of the nobel gases use magnetic addition within outer P orbitals. This may account for why helium does not bond as easily (in loose terms) as the other Nobel gases.
  17. I guess I'm knit picking, but according to this definition a good theory not supported with the scientific method is pseudo-science and a bad theory supported with the scientific method is still science? The problem with this orientation is that if one wished to prevent quantum change in science, all one would have to do is make the resources that are needed to become science unavailable so that new ideas remain psuedo-science. For example, when Einstein began his theoretical work, it was probably considered pseudo-science by the science of the day. He had to support himself apart from science until he was able to provide a strong enough position. If his science had required physical resources that he could not provide with a clerk's salary, his ideas may have never reached the subjective level considered science. Maybe the point I am making is that pseudo-science can benefit by being nurtured to its logical conclusion, before subjective judgement is passed. The criterion of resources is often a self forfilling prophesy that allows even bad theory to be called science.
  18. When it rains within a tropical depression, we have extensive water mass flowing downward occupying the entire size of the tropical depression. In fact, it descends within the counterclockwise circulation and should be setting up a resistant coriolis force. Yet such counterclockwise circulations often get stronger and stronger inspite of this resistance. If one was to do an energy audit on a low pressure system, the lion's share of energy within the system is the solar energy stored within hydrogen bonding hydrogen of the water vapor. When atmospheric water vapor condenses, this lowers the solar potential. This pulls a vacuum in the local air. The movement of external air toward the lower pressure responds due to this initial lowering of the solar energy potential. The heat of vaporization that is given off, adds some energy back to the circulation. Being at the level of the hydrogen bonding of water, it adds water vapor back to the circulation as warm moist air rising into the circulation. The engine driving the process is connected to the solar energy stored within the water vapor. As such, although the circulation will gain strength, there is still a constant lowering of solar potential, that is stepping down via the increasing kinetic energy within the circulation. To maximize the rate at which the atmospheric solar potential is lowered, the low pressure circulation needs to spin opposite to high pressure circulations. This makes the two weather circulation eddies additive, allowing high pressure to be pulled in at the fastest rate. If they circulated in the same direction, they would spin repel and the vaccum would persist longer, causing water to need to reevaporate or condense slower. As such, even with rain contantly flowing downward, this does not slow the counterclockwise circulation because maximizing the reduction of solar potential is driving the dynamics. The earth's use of the fastest path to lower solar potential implies a connection to a natural earth potential that I attributed to fusion within the center of the earth. The logical connection is the fusion value within the hydrogen protons of water.
  19. It is interesting that lymphocytes undergo genetic reshuffling. This is a good demonstration of the DNA being reactionary to the needs of the environment. It also begins to show the impact of equilibrium hydrogen bonding potential. The universal/integrating substance of a cell, that is both inside and outside the cell, is water. The properties of water are based on hydrogen bonding such that anything dissolved within water will have an impact on the hydrogen bonding potential within the local and universal water. If we look at all the active biomaterials within cells, i.e., DNA, RNA, proteins, their structures and properties are not only based on hydrogen bonding, but they are all orientated, within the water, with their active hydrophilic groups on the surface with the water. Through the water, these materials interact via their hydrogen bonding. If we look at the cell membrane of a simplied cell, the sodium pumps will create a potential across the membrane with the outside surface slightly positive and the inside slightly negative. Relative to the aqueous hydrogen bonding potential, the outside potential increases the aqueous hydrogen bonding potential outside the cell due to the competition for the electrons of the oxygen of water. The inside membrane potential lowers the aqueous hydrogen bonding potential within the cell. Outside the cell, this amplified aqueous hydrogen bonding potential signal, due to the sodium pumps, is transmitted into the external water and will help draw food materials toward the cell. This is due to surface tension within water. In other words, a hydrophobic material dissolved in water will prevent the local aqueous hydrogen bonds from optimizing, thereby increasing the aqueous hydrogen bonding potential at the water/hydrophobic surface. As such, with the exterior membrane surface defining high aqueous hydrogen bonding potential, it will also define equilibrium for high surface tension materials. This causes energy rich hydrophobic food objects to want to stick to the outside of the cell. If we go into the cell, the DNA molecules are extremely large molecules with negatively charged phosphate groups as part of its backbone. Unpacked DNA will be repulsive to the negative charge on the inside of the cell membrane, assuring its position away from the inside of the cell membrane. But the DNA is rarely totally unpacked (except during DNA duplication) but will usually exist packed with histone packing proteins. The histones have a positively charged group which will bond to and neutralize the negatively charged phosphate groups. Histones also contain additional hydrogen bonding hydrogen residues which can not hydrogen bond effectively within the DNA packing arrangement. The latter will cause the hydrogen bonding potential of the DNA packing composite to increase. The DNA is composed of very large molecules such that even if only part of it is packed, the effects of the packing will extend to the entire molecule via the local water. This provides potential for unpacked genes to lower their higher induced potential via transcription. The net result of the histone packing is that the DNA will define a higher hydrogen bonding potential than the inside of the cell membrane. This will create an aqueus hydrogen bonding potential gradient between the membrane and the DNA. The rest of the large materials within the cell will define equilbrium positions within this primary gradient, where everything is integrated via the water. When materials are transported into the cell, not only does the local membrane potential reverse, transmitting high aquoeus hydrogen bonding potential signals into the cell, but the food materials will also need to find an equilbrium zone within the gradient. These affects will pertubate the gradient resulting in an integrated hydrogen bonding reponse by the cell. This will include altering the hydrogen bonding potential of the DNA. The result will be the needed genetic expression to address the food input. It is well known that the DNA is pertubated via chemicals and enzymes. But the movement of these materials and the composites they create are reactionary and will help define the needed hydrogen bonding changes within the aqueous gradient. The hydrogen bonding pertubation comes first due to the hydrogen proton being the fastest entity in water. The existance of pH shows the hydrogen of water are not covalantly fixed but have some degree of mobility. Their faster speed is due to their lack of a cumbersome hydration sphere (extended water stuck to all other ions and molecules dissolved in water). Relative to the DNA, an aqueous hydrogen bonding signal will alter the hydrogen bonding potential of a packed gene. This potential cannot unpack the gene due to the steric hindrance, but it can potentiate a particular packed gene requiring an enzyme composite to help it define the proper equilibrium. DNA geometry (due to a hydrogen bonding gradient between the centromere and nuclear membrane) will help set up a configurational hierarchy for gene potentiating. If we go back to our lymphocytes, the shuffling of genes implies an induction into a new DNA structural hydrogen bonding geometry. This places the needed genes where they can become more easily primed for the needed immune response. The extra potential for the DNA reshuffling comes from the external environment and is impacted, in part, by the high aqueous hydrogen bonding signals stemming from nervous tissue. Multicellular configurations are also integrated via water with larger composites like organs, being an analogy to cellular structures. The primary gradient of a multicellular animal is between the nervous tissue and the blood supply. This is inferred by nerve cells having the highest external membrane potentials (positive) and the blood supply being slightly alkaline due, in part, to the negatively charged bicarbonate ions.
  20. Sorry for the confusion. The point I was trying to make is that the genetics is not the most fundamental principle of life. It is a spectrum of possibilities but it does not direct its own expression, but rather it is reactionary. Even genetic progression is reactionary to other potentials. The animal learns to adapt and eventually it becomes part of the species' DNA. The second point is that the cell and the reactionary activity of the DNA is expressed by chemicals. However, these chemicals are also reactionary to a more fundamental integration potential within the cell. This is the integration of the hydrogen proton via hydrogen bonding. I felt the need to loosen things up a little before I could address these possibilities.
  21. I don't agree with the geometry angle although one could make a toilet geometry to prove that point. My toilet is fully symmetrical which is an artifact of its simple and cheap ceramic casting. It always flows down counterclockwise just like low pressure weather systems, which are due to up flow of air. Low pressure systems differ from high pressure systems by the effects of water. In high pressure systems the movement is primarily that of warm and cool air. In low pressure systems there are more variables. The condensation of water occurs everywhere as tiny droplets in clouds. This remove water vapor from the air pulling a vacuum in the air. This vacuum plays an important role in low pressure circulations. The heat of condensation may play a role in the evaporation of the surface water adding moisture back to the vapor space. There is the up movement of air, but there is also the condensation of water and the bulk downward movement of rain water. With a hurricane getting lift and spin from rising warm moist air, what about the descending water due to rain. Shouldn't the Coriolis effect cause a clockwise spin component that should slow the spin?
  22. Pseudoscience often becomes science. If man was intended to fly he would have wings. The Wright Bros and others were considered pseudo scientists and engineers until they demonstrated flight. But up to that time, stereotyping the Wright Bros created the illusion that the then contemporary acceptable pseudo science was actually science. It was like mud slinging to hide lack of understanding. Picture if someone came up with rational arguments to explain an empirical science, which of the two would be considered pseudo-science. If would be whichever came second. For the mepirical to accept the rational would mean running the risk of becoming pseudo-science. Maybe it always was pseudo science but as long as everyone calls a dog a cat it is a cat. Picture two scientists, both with good theories, competing for the funding needed to prove their ideas. If only one got the funding, does that become better science and is the other one stuck at pseudo-science? The funding may have come down to office politics which is the art of truth. Another example is the theory that black holes are in the center of galaxies. Now others see neutron density. If the second turns out to be true, why was pseudoscience called science for so long? The bottom line is the label is as much subjective as objective.
  23. If we look at a fertilized ovuum, if it is taken out of the body, it will only go so far and stop. What it is lacking is not DNA, but the chemical gradients that allows the cells to differentiate. The only gradient the fertiized ovuum had was due to the sperm/ovuum combo which is very limiting in potential. If we next place it into a nutrient gradient, the cells will differntiate into a cellular gradient between embryotic nervous and circulatory tissue. Within this primary gradient, secondary gradients will also form, from which the rest of the cell will differentiate. The DNA harddrive has all the data needed for this progression, by the operating system is composed of the chemical gradients. If one placed one our mini me white blood cells in the proper chemical gradient we could theoretically get it to differentiate into a simple multicellular gradient. If there is enough potential between these two simple states, subgradients would also form. The link between these gradients and the DNA is connected to the hydrogen proton and hydrogen bonding. This is the one variable, that is everywhere within all cells and within all multicellular organizations. At the same time, with the hydrogen proton the fastest thing in water, (100 times faster than any ion or chmeical) it can theoretically transmit potentials and gradients before any chemical agents are able to diffuse. This gets the DNA and cells integrated and ready for the chemical trains.
  24. Temperature is often equated with the vibrations of matter and the energy that is given off. Room temperature is at the range of chemical vibrations. At absolute zero there would be no vibration or energy release since there is no temperature. This means that even the subparticles of matter could no longer give off vibrational energy levels. As far as I know, this would cause these particles to disappear, since their movement is essential to the integrity of matter. The bottom line is that matter and energy would both disappear at absolute zero. If we look at the other extreme, matter vibrations would become highly energetic and the energy output the same. In a finite universe, energy and temperature would have an upper limit, when matter and energy both becomes two equated singularities. Any further vibrations of matter could not give off energy beyond this temp because there would not be enough mass/energy within the universe. If we go one step further, this would bring up to the same place as absolute zero, where matter and energy can not exist. Here is an interesting graph. If we plot temperature, it would become sort of a circle where zero and limiting temperature overlap to close the circle. The decrease from the highest temp is reflected by space increasing from absolute zero, will movement from absolute zero is reflected by potential for extreme temperature.
  25. Good, that is the conclusion I hoped you would reach. It shows that DNA of itself is not sufficient to explain progression into mulicellular lifeforms even though all the needed genes may be present. In fact, if one took the DNA out of the white blood cells, and disrupted the rest of the cell into separated proteins, even with all the separated proteins left in tack, the DNA would be useless for reassembling a viable cell from the blend. The DNA is the harddrive of the cell, but it only functions due to the operating system within the rest of the cell or within the rest of the body. A good experiment might be to take out the DNA harddrive from a cell and transplant another similar DNA harddrive. The cell should still work.
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