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Looking for vaccine research…
PhilGeis replied to Promachos's topic in Microbiology and Immunology
Her response it likely to be - we're all about "me". Folks get vaccinated for their own sake - not that of others. -
Thanks - I understand the potocoll. Likely's seem pretty subjective. "Much less likely" - on what basis is that assumption offered? Certainly cultural differences have been reported in willingness to obtain vaccination. If the nature of the job is a primary contributing factor - edvcuation rather than wealth per se would appear to be root cause.
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Sunscreens are drugs in US, and TiO2 in the products may "block" UV light and is also photoactivated to produce free radicals. France banned E171 (commercial TiO2 used in many products) in 2020 (https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2019-003009_EN.html) observing there was not enough data to confirm its safety in context. Subsequent research has challenged the study that provoked the ban https://scitechdaily.com/france-banned-this-common-food-additive-the-fda-says-is-safe-who-is-right/ and https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691519305836?via%3Dihub
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What you should take away from these observations is that microbes are everywhere. They're not necessarily growing - may be present as dormant spores. As RobertMD observed - it does look like Rhizopus sp. (look for it on Google images) but it's neither possible to identify specifically the microbes from the pictures nor estimate the health of using the water bottle bsed on th pictures.
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Environment and preventing the next global pandemic
PhilGeis replied to Buckeye's topic in Ecology and the Environment
I'd not take a book as reliable cite for patient zero. What are the relevant published data? -
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Hydroalcoholic disinfectant from refineries
PhilGeis replied to Enthalpy's topic in Microbiology and Immunology
btw - Pasteurization does not replace hydrogen peroxide in WHO recipe and isopropanol not propanol is the alternative sanitizing agent. FDA and WHO recommend against additions irrelevant to sanitizer objective - perfume, aloe, essential oils etc..