Mordred

Let's ask a simple question. Do you get angry at your teacher when he tells you, your method or idea won't work ? Or do you take the time to understand why the teacher makes that statement and learn from it. With regards to calculations I honestly didn't see much interest to the Maxwell equations I posted earlier on this thread with regards to the experiment. So I stopped mentioning them. Prior to describing the helical and cyclotronic magnetic moments.

Here is the thing about renormalization. The method used whether it is dimensional regularization, renormalization or simply an effective cutoff actually makes no difference . One can alternately employ any method or even mix methods with the same Feymann integrals. Though mixing isn't recommended it doesn't change anything. I will think about how to explain the higher order integrals in an easy to understand manner if I can think of a way to describe them in an easy to understand manner. I will post it. Edit the simplest way with regards to gravity. All loop integrals has k loop momentum. The one loop momentum is the massless propogator action. In essence with regards to gravity the first order velocity terms. (Maximally symmetric Minkoskii, anti Desitter or DeSitter space would fall under one loop integrals ) These spaces the number of nonzero terms with regards to the related tensors are nimimal The higher order terms with regards to gravity kick in when spacetime is no longer maximally symmetric due to curvature. Under GR the acceleration terms reside. Now that's a poor description when it comes to loop amplitudes and power counting to determine the UV divergence. For example if all loop amplitudes are on shell in an integrated the UV divergence is zero. This can be accomplished for Maximally symmetric spacetimes . Now for higher order integrals one can typically use integrad reduction by cancelations in the numerator and denominator terms in the integrals to minimize the number of loop amplitudes. This method works with other fields in keeping the number of loop amplitudes finite. ( This is one of the steps to calculate higher loop integrands) However with spacetimes not Maximally symmetric we haven't been able to keep the number of loop amplitudes finite. In math terms when you perform loop amplitude power counting the power counting becomes infinite hence UV divergent. Example infinite density of a BH meaning infinite number of loop amplitudes which corresponds to an infinite number density of related particles (gravitons for this case, though as mentioned not necessarily required ) the propogator action would still be infinite as well.

You don't require a graviton for renormalization of gravity. The issue with gravity is the UV divergences. No effective cutoff ie singularity conditions That issue would exist even if a graviton is found. Sure discovery of a graviton would be a great assist it isn't required when it comes to GuT/TOE. In point of detail using gravitons is the method employed by Hoof'T. This is in essence the one loop integrals. It is the second order and higher order Feymann loop integrals terms that are divergent.

A ghost field for leftover terms from renormalization already exists. Pick a different name lol.

Then I would think it's safe to assume the entirety of the post is part of the joke. Lol I wouldn't want to see an experiment performed by not buying Christmas presents for your children in Santa's name to see if gifts get delivered or not.

I find it rather curious to see a post from a claimed science expert but the post itself has no evidence of applying a scientific method beyond a little historical detail.

Great course guideline those definitions I provided will be identical to what's taught in your physics course and apply to all forms of physics including QM/QFT, String theory etc.

! Moderator Note As this is discussing a personal theory on the topic it belongs in our Speculation forum. A large portion above wouldn't make sense. Understandably it's tricky to understand spacetime curvature. As your a student in high school its important to get a few physics definitions out of the way first and foremost. Energy is ability to perform work. Mass is the resistance to inertia change. Space is simply the available volume where the SM particles reside its not a fabric and such isn't a mediator for mass. Now taking the above spacetime curvature describes the geodesic paths of particles both massless and massive. Different geodesics for each above. So take two parallel light beams if the beams remain parallel spacetime is flat. If they converge (positive curvature) if they diverge the negative curvature. Now with the above consider the following mass being resistance to inertia change( mass being determined by the coupling constants of each field a particle interacts with.) Let's see how we'll you understand the above before continuing.

Join the club lol. Yes carriers are limited however certain Motorolla two way radio repeaters can handle pagers and can further get IP connected for either internet or phone. Higher end two way radios can also have pager capabilities.

Lol trying to find companies that still remember how to program pagers however is rather tricky.

My ex wife is a personal care aid. They required pagers as cell phones were too easily abused where the worker would steal company time playing on their cell phones.

Lol some of those equations get downright brutal even for first order approximations. Glad it's a rare occasion for me nowadays. Haven't had to design a ground grid for a tower in near a decade.

Yeah missiles as opposed to bullets.

Fair enough your on the right track with your last post. I don't have personal experience involving thermal conductivity. Any tests I've done has been electrical conductivity.

What you will likely notice is that the higher porosity the higher the moisture content the higher the electrical conductivity due to higher concentration of dissolved cations and anions. Soil layers with higher drainage will contribute to higher removal of conductive salts as opposed to soil content with poor drainage. So poor drainage soils will lead to higher salt accumulation. That's been my experience

I have done soil conductivity sampling for radio towers. You really want to remove any salt and water from the soil to get an accurate reading. Typically the water content will be conductive due to the additional salt content. A lot depends on salt content which will vary layer per layer.

Easy enough however there is another method to down a plane have enough shrapnel to chew up the jet intakes. It's a common technique to knock down missiles.

Particles are not little bullets with defined boundaries. That is not the modern understanding. Nor is the Bohr model of the atom. The electron cloud in modern treatment is a probability cloud which is what those images are showing.. You also won't see a Higgs boson in those images. The Higgs theory does not predict nor describe the atom with a volume or changes in volume for good reasons. The second paper discusses the probability aspects Edit looks like IlyaGeller deleted his post

Providing make and model of the SD card would be helpful. It may be possible to find a driver that works from older software support sites or technical details such as from datasheets, etc with regards to the SD cards requirements.

That's good to hear. Though there are occasions. Lol a personal example was my Masters dissertation which used quintessence inflation. The number of E-folds my equations of state produced was in the acceptable bounds for COBE dataset but the WMAP dataset (along with other later data) proved it didn't have sufficient e-folds. The other research being the constancy of the cosmological constant. Quintessence requires a varying Lambda term. This is one case where a paradigm (Quintessence) can be completely overturned by findings. The requirement of varying Lambda term does not conform to the quintessence paradigm. However these cases are rather rare. However it always requires a large body of evidence.

Well that is where I will disagree. The reason being is a good robust theory is adaptive by nature. Good easy example being LCDM.. Most ppl believe the LCDM model is simply GR and the FLRW metric however that is false. It actually involves a very large collection of other physics theories such as those of thermodynamics, particles physics, QFT, QM etc. The LCDM model is constantly changing as new research presented it will continue to change as it has inherent flexibility to do so. For the past 35 years I lost count of the number of times I heard the LCDM model will die to to some new finding. Simply to see the LCDM model incorporate those findings.

Yes experiment will always supersede any theory. If an experiment doesn't conform to a theory its an automatic indication something is missing or incorrect in that theory. Good examples can readily be found studying how the SM particles were discovered. Example A scattering experiment is performed the examiner sees scattering events that show CPT violations/conservation law violations. So conducts further research to account for those violations. This has often led to new particle interactions or new particles discovered. A vast majority of our theories today resulted by unexpected experimental findings that upon further research leads to new theories and understood processes. Contrary to popular belief there isn't really any "Eureka " moments of someone randomly guessing at a new theory through sheer insight. The majority of our theories today arise from trying to fathom and explain experimental evidence and not force the experiment to conform to theory.

Outside of formal education studying the textbooks is the best way to separate science from pseudoscience (flimflams etc) If an article doesn't conform to textbook book methods or answers then it's questionable. Another good resource is dissertation papers. These papers will help advance your skills and knowledge beyond the textbooks which typically teach the basics. Welcome aboard

Come again ?

Unfortunately incorrect but also off topic for this thread which doesn't involve expansion. For starters expansion is due to thermodynamics described by the equations of state https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equation_of_state_(cosmology) These factors determine the expansion rate. GR though involved cannot account for all the factors in expansion as per above. As your new to the forum it is also a rules violation to post personal theories in reply to other posters threads. Any personal theories belong in our Speculation forum.