Sensei

 

My current computer is 6 years old had to replace the power supply twice so far.

The next time, when power supply cooler will start dying and giving harsh sounds, replace it.

You will save some money on replacing whole power supply.

Wind cooler costed me $2.7, while complete power supply is around $40. Now I am replacing just wind cooler.

Power supply failure is typically caused by overheating, caused by malfunction of wind cooler (it's rotating thousand times per minute, engine have right to fail after 2-3 years of whole day usage).

I am currently running windows 7 on my pc. However a lot of employers are looking for knowledge of the Linux command line. Considering buying a second pc is out of the question I was told it might be possible to partition my hard drive and install Linux on the partition. But I am scared of doing it because if it didn't work properly I would lose my copy of windows 7 and any files I have. Does anybody know how to do this?

You don't need to buy new (modern?) PC.

You just need additional hard disk.

Either obsolete, or new one, 2 TB brand new is for ~$100, 1 TB for ~$50. Smaller you can find for free in neibourhood.

I can't believe somebody knowledgable in computers don't have plentiful of old computers.

I have more than 20+ old machines that I was using in the past around me.

Just plug off HDD from one of them and connect to PC. And in BIOS disable Win7 HDD (or disconnect cable temporarily), and enable booting from old one.

This way, this month, I made Win7 test OS on old Maxton 300 GB, used by me 5-10 years ago in some old machine.

After installing everything needed there is still 214 GB free..

W/Z bosons interact and guide QFD which allows for radiation, and isnt this radiation by QFD which spawns every photon in the first place?

Bosons W+, W- are Weak Force Bosons. Radioactive beta decay plus, beta decay minus, double beta decay plus, double beta decay minus.

If light is the gauge boson for the EMF, why cant I charge a magnet with light?

You can do reverse: rotate polarization of photons while passing through medium to which there has been applied external magnetic field.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_effect

Also read

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto-optic_Kerr_effect

Did you use stop loss option?

less fast food jobs

That's good. Fast foods in american way is straight way to degenerate people.

I don't know any other similar nation of fat people. You have not been like that 50+ years ago.

What happened? Unlimited cheap crap fast food? GMO modified food?

Hamburgers are good for drunk teens returning at 3 a.m. to home friday night, not as regular everyday meal.

Increased food prices

The more people will be cooking from scratch, the better for their healt, and cheaper for pocket.

Pre-made not healty food like fries should be higher priced to people with limited funds (and lack of self discipline) force to buy regular potato and cook it in pot.

It's healtier and cheaper (if they won't add liter of pre-made crap sauce...)

Really healty pre-made food should be very cheap, nearly as cheap as raw contents they are made of.

f.e. set up of chinesee vegetables 450 grams with prepared seasonings cost me today $1 equivalent in Auchan market.

Once they were in promotion for 2 weeks for $0.75, I was buying them every single day.

Chicken fillet 300 grams, $1.2. It's fried for 6 minutes, vegetables for 3 minutes.. Is 9 minutes for meal ready enough fast.. ?

Chinese fast food in US = unhealty (what to expect?) noodles... Ridiculous!

When "restaurant" with chinese take away noodles opened shop here, they bankrupted in a year..

Price was fine, taste also.

You could save even more storage space, if you would introduce banks of available answers for some fields.

f.e. assign chemistry=1,physics=2,mathematics=3 etc.

and then use 1,2,3 instead of full-text versions.

BTW, XML is highly extendable. One can write loader/saver which ignores unknown tags and attributes (from older/newer version of software) and there is high chance it'll work.

Your's solution, won't. It's very limited, not extendable.

You can't find containers?

or

you can't find elements to put to containers.. ?

Various containers should be in electronic stores.

15 cm x 15 cm is very large..

Do you realize you would need 118 of such?

Then whole set up would be nearly 5 meter wide..

15 cm * 32 in row = 480 cm

7 rows * 32 columns = 224 containers needed (some empty).

The thing is it's not smart way. It's pretty brute force way. Just a single step from making plasma and then separating them using electric/magnetic external fields. Obviously it would work. But at what cost!

Smart way is to use chemical reaction, utilization of some property of their compounds, to separate these two metals from each other using as less energy as possible, at the lowest cost as possible, as fast as possible. Without having to build expensive factory/device..

Take for example solublity of two compounds:

Tin sulfate has 33 g/100 mL @ 25 C

Silver sulfate has 0.83 g/100 mL @ 25 C, 0.57 g/100 mL (0 °C)

So after adding right amount of sulfuric acid, one should be still dissolved, while other will be gathering at the bottom as solid.. Filter it, repeat cycle..

Then find smart way to turn sulfate back to metal state..

SnSO₄ + heat -> SnO₂ + SO₂

SnO₂ + 2 CO -> Sn + 2 CO₂

perhaps

SnO₂ + C -> Sn + CO₂

Other example:

Tin chloride has 83.9 g/100 ml (0 °C)

Silver chloride has 520 μg/100 g at 50 °C

Even larger difference in solublities..

Imagine box with particles.

If you will add energy from external source, total energy of box will increase, particles will have higher kinetic energy.

Particles are bouncing back and forth from each other. Elastic and inelastic collisions.

There are also created photons, and absorbed photons.

The more total energy in the box, the higher temperature, and the more higher energetic photons are there (and escaping from box radiating energy in the all directions).

Check black body emission spectrum, how it relates to temperature.

Compounds and elements change state, from solid to liquid, from liquid to gas, from gas to plasma. All depends on given total energy/temperature.

Chemical compounds break apart if there is exceeded certain for them temperature (energy from external source arrived).

At high enough energy atom is ionized (few to few hundred eV),

and at even higher energy nucleus is separating.

f.e. to destroy Deuterium atom there is needed energy >2.2 MeV,

result will be free proton and free neutron.

Free proton has 938.272 MeV,

free neutron has 939.565 MeV,

and Deuterium nucleus has 1875.613 MeV (it's easy to remember this value remembering equal of fusion p+ + p+ -> D+ + e+ + Ve + 0.42 MeV (938.272 MeV+938.272 MeV-0.511 MeV-0.42 MeV = 1875.613 MeV)).

1875.613 MeV + ~2.2 MeV = 938.272 MeV + 939.565 MeV.

You can heat body/liquid/gas by shooting to it macroscopic objects (they will slow down and give their kinetic energy to body particles),

or use high energy particles accelerated to relativistic velocities..

or use high energy gamma photons.

You will receive the same effect.

Deceleration of fast particle/object. And transfer of energy to body.

Which in extreme conditions mean nucleus split, ionization, in less extreme destruction of chemical compound and change state of matter.

Why do you ask?

Two weeks ago, I took initial Iron compound, and put approximately equal amount of it to 10+ test tubes.

With various 2nd chemical compounds. To quickly check them all at once.

Part of them visible on this photo:

Couple days ago I noticed 1st from the left is completely transparent:

It used to look like this control sample two weeks ago:

The last time I looked at it week ago, there was still tiny tiny amount of initial Iron compound (it was disappearing with time) on the bottom and slightly yellow color of solution.

Now it's practically transparent like pure water.

Hello!

What are known transparent (in visible spectrum) Iron compounds.. ?

Best Regards!

Constellation

Eclipse - frightening to ancient peasant Egyptians.

Understanding principles and relationships is more important than learning details that you can just look in a book or on the internet for.

If there would be nuclear Armageddon, or other disaster, books and Internet won't be available anymore..

What you remember will remain.

Either constant values, and formulas are worth to remember. One doesn't exclude other.

Nobody is here opting for remembering just values, without formulas.

The numbers you use the most you will remember by repetitively using them anyway.

That's why it's worth to remember exact value (at the moment, until better measured value is known) since beginning.

I learned all constants during over and over and over recalculations of decay energy of different radioactive isotopes, and energy emitted during fusion.

Humans remember plentiful of crap like phone numbers (which is for now 9 digits+), while physical constants are more important.

Why bother to memorise the values?

Aren't chemistry experts memorize names of chemical compounds and their typical reactions with other compounds?

In inorganic chemistry it's thousands+ more to remember than just a few constants.

IMHO it's unavoidable for smart person, who is doing reaction of compounds (especially couple times) to remember result of their reaction.

Not to mention shortcuts and full names of chemical elements (118 to remember, 50+ almost required to remember).

(Can you imagine "professional" who is searching net for checking what element is f.e. "Au".. ? I cannot..)

I even wrote application-game which is learning whole periodic table. It takes hour (or couple hours) of play to remember entire 118 elements (and 118 shortcuts).

IMHO better to learn children periodic table than meaningless poems in primary school..

3 x 10^8 m/s are sufficient.

300,000,000 m/s is sufficient for ordinary layman,

not for somebody studying subject.

I would not like to be a professor or something of that kind

Majority of quantum physicists will never find anything new, nor will become famous..

What do you think?

That depends on which year you're in engineering. The closer finishing what you already started the less sense abandoning it, without a good reason.

And how good you are in engineering?

Are you making your own electronic devices at home (not homework).. ?

Controlling made by yourself electronics from computer, from your own software, remotely or by wire plugged to usb, always sounded to me entertaining..

If you want to learn constants in memory, remember value in eV (electron Volts):
510998.928 eV

and e=1.602176565*10^-19 C.

and of course c=299,792,458 m/s.

Once you have all these three, you can on demand calculate mass in kilograms:

510998.928 * 1.602176565*10^-19 / 299792458^2 = 9.1093829170743*10^-31 kg

Also remember that mass-energy of electron can be derived from Compton frequency/Compton wavelength and Planck constant.

h=6.62606957*10^-34 J*s

f_C=1.23559*10^20 Hz

h*f_C=m_e*c²

ps. I don't know what for Environment Science student needs all this stuff to remember. It's rather for quantum physicists, high energy/particle physicists, etc.

For your first question: I am surprised if different sources give really different values. There is two ideas that come to my mind:

Or books/sources are from different decades.

See history of speed of light measurement for instance:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light#History

Currently accepted value is from 1983.

It's not a matter of research or support.

Hydrogen fuel requires Oxygen.

Do you want to take it also on board of airplane, or like in currently existing jet engines, take from air.. ?

Then compare energy density per liter of different fuels, paying special attention to liquid Hydrogen:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density

Not without a reason rockets look like flying cisterns.

Energy of photons that we detect is correlated to source material objects that emitted them in the past.

See also article about very high energy gamma photons on wikipedia:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very-high-energy_gamma_ray

Did you tried centrifuge?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centrifuge

http://www.ebay.com/sch/Centrifuges-/26232/i.html

ps. I interpreted your "differentiate" as "separation". I hope so right?

One of these is ocean currents.

There is also worth to mention that at different depths currents can flow at different speed and direction, even opposite..

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsurface_currents

Our current usage of coal, oil , uranium and other resources , has given concern that we may be ' or rather are' in danger of stripping our store of energy reserves dry.

Actually currently plentiful of energy and resources are wasted..

See all these plastic and glass bottles,

aluminium beer cans,

iron beer cans,

all over the place..

See refuse dumps that are covered with layer of ground by bulldoggers. Layers of trash that are later producing methane gas f.e..

If they can do it spontaneously, it's not that hard to force them to do it under control and actually collect produced liquids and gases for later use..

In "Bang Goes the Theory" presenters showed how to easily turn solid plastic trash bottles to liquid hydrocarbons, and use it as fuel to drive a car.

Scrap yard searchers are gathering aluminium beer cans, and largely ignoring iron beer cans,

gathering drink bottles possible to return to shop ($0.0921 per each), and ignoring non returnable bottles...

At least here.

For 1 kg of aluminium beer cans here we can get $0.71, one can has mass 18 grams, so there is needed 55.6 cans for 1 kg. Giving price $0.01292 per each.

For 1 kg of iron beer cans here we can get $0.171, one can has mass 33 grams, so there is needed 30 cans for 1 kg. Giving price $0.0057 per each.

2.24x less than for aluminium one. And plentiful of (homeless) people is literally ignoring them while searching for stuff.

Price of aluminium scrap is $1.06 per kg. While retail aluminium sheets were sold for $4.5 (half year+ ago bought several m² for my projects). That's ridiculous.

I know prices well, because just this week I returned 3 kg of aluminium beer cans, and 1-2 kg of iron beer cans, and something like 60+ bottles.

Governments could wipe out all these trashes from cities giving fair prices for everything.

Instead of relying on 3rd party companies gathering and wanting to have fair income = bad price for people who are actually involved in searching stuff.

The more fair price (closer to retail), the more people will be interested in recovering business, and the less trashes will be laying everywhere.

Electronics manufacturers are making their devices with encoded time of life, after which they're broking. And people have to buy new one.

Device which would work flawlessly for dozen years (like it was in the past, f.e. I had washing machine for 30 years same..) means no new income for these companies.

Conclusion: first waste less, than seek for new sources..

That depends on whether mass, volume or molar concentration..

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentration

This hint should be enough for solving it by yourself.

We have with John very lengthy discussion about this subject in thread:

http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/87510-sulfuric-acid-in-ppm/

So, I am guessing it's probably, NaOH..

There is simple way to check whether you have NaOH.

If you mix acetic acid with sodium bicarbonate aka baking soda (used for baking cakes etc.), there will be released carbon dioxide:

CH₃COOH+NaHCO₃->CH₃COONa+CO₂+H₂O

Then if you mix sodium acetate with sodium hydroxide, there will be created methane gas:

CH₃COONa+NaOH->CH₄+Na₂CO₃

What would the mass be of a spaceship weighing 100 tons and be moving at 10% the speed of light , and will it be enough to bend spacetime or gravity. And increase its speed further like warping almost

Try this on-line special relativity mass calculator

http://www.ultimate-theory.com/en/2012/12/26/special-relativity-mass-calculator