Astronomy and Cosmology

There is two reasonable theories for galaxies; one has a black hole at the center of a galaxy and another which has neutron density. Both present good arguments with the neutron density theory better able to account for the continued formation of stars in a galaxy center. There is a third alternative. The fusion reaction is highly exothermic, meaning that once initiated the fusion reaction would like to go forward and continue to expand. Fusion is loosely analogous to a fire spreading. In this case, the fusion fire burns mass, with the analogus products of combustion being atomic nuclei. The more fuel one can pump into the fire the hotter it will burn. Picture t…

If we look at the initial expansion of the primordial atom, the energy that expands should red shift due to the high gravity. The red shift of energy to longer wavelength implies that the energy will lose potential or cool as it becomes longer wavelength quanta. Using the conservation of energy, since gravity caused the red shift of the expanding energy, then the gravitational energy potential should gain potential. This is reflected by the mass increasing within the rapidly cooling energy field, i.e, more mass means more gravity. If energy escaping high gravity will red shift, then the reverse should be true. Or energy flowing into high gravity should blue shift. Th…

A friend and I are having a argument related to the big bang, and are wondering if someone could help settle it. My argument is that, the big bang, A: Broke almost every law of physics. B: Was so perfect as to create all the elements in less than a second, and enough matter to create stars/planets and eventually life, that there is no way that it could've happened by chance. Because of this, I believe the big bang may prove the possible exsistence of an outside influence (possibly God). However my friend argues that: A pre-universe cannot have the laws that our exsisting one has, thus making anything possible, including the creation of energy from nothing. …

A good friend sent me this article...it sets out to explain Penrose's argument on a low entropy state of the current universe, and so tackles the phase transition of black holes by approaching temperature fluctuations of gravitons... http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/hep-th/pdf/0512/0512033.pdf

What is dark energy?

From what I gather (from Wikipedia ) the main (and first) evidence for the existence of dark matter was gathered by measuring the light emitted from galaxies compared with their rotational speed. There was so little visible matter in the galaxies that with their high spin rate, they should not stick together but fly apart from centrifugal force, according to standard theories of gravitation. Well my theory is that the dark matter is simply black holes. We have strong evidence that massive black holes exist at the center of our Galaxy and others. They are invisible, and they are what holds the galaxies together. Any cosmologists here that can check my theory?

If the big bang was an explosion of space, then how could it give birth to an infinite flat universe? Wouldn't the space have to explode into... infinite more space?

Dark matter is basically added to the situation to explaine the gravitational pull in the absence of visible matter.We know that the gravitational force is space time geometry.So my suggestion is,what if our space-time is not so uniform afterall and containes wrinkles.Now these wrinkles will give rise to gravitational field,but no matter will be present,hence,producing an illusion of matter or dark matter.Also these wrinkles might not have gathered matter due to presense of deeper wrinkles in its vicinity.Under this alternative,we won't require any dark matter to explaine the situation at hand.

I'm looking for numbers here. Amount of solar energy that is absorbed by the earth per second, hour, year or whatever. More numbers would be best, any would be useful. Reliable sources please. And dont look this up on wikipedia. Their page on orders of magnitude of energy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_%28energy%29 is obviously incorrect, and in fact im looking these up so I can fix the page. Well I keep on finding 1370 W/m^2. However this seems to be solar energy incident on the earth, not energy that is actually absorbed. Comments, anyone?

How much does the particulate form of dark matter (WIMPs, supersymmetric particles, etc) actually interact? Could dark matter have some sort of analog to baryonic atoms and chemistry? Also, what relation is dark matter generally considered to have to dark energy? In the case that they are linked, somehow, what sort of relationship would this be? Would dark energy be a weak force like gravity, only apparent when dark matter accumulates in high enough concentrations, or could it be a more specific relationship, such as the byproduct of a "dark EM" of some kind?

http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,3605,1652178,00.html ----quote from Guardian---- Probe returning to Earth after asteroid landing Alok Jha Monday November 28, 2005 The Guardian The Japanese space probe Hayabusa began its journey home yesterday after becoming the first spacecraft to successfully land on an asteroid and collect samples. Scientists want to study the fragments of the 300-metre-wide asteroid Itokawa, 180m miles from Earth, for signs of how the solar system was born. The probe fired a metal ball into Itokawa and collected the debris. Jaxa, the Japanese space agency, will not be certain of total success until the probe has been opened aft…

So polar shifts happen and I was wondering if the Earth's rotational axis or wobble would be effected by such a change? I'm guessing that the magma rotating around the core would be in chaos during the shift and I imagine that it would effect the wobble somewhat:confused: . A good article if anyone is interested..... http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/magnetic/timeline.html Just 'cause I like the little bug eyed guy... :eek: Thanks, Rich

If you don't know what the Drake equation is, it's an equation made by Frank Drake that tells how many advanced civilizations there are in the galaxy. Scientist can't figure out what the variables are so you can decide with this website, it's pretty cool. http://www.activemind.com/Mysterious/Topics/SETI/drake_equation.html

I've been reading around about the origins of life on Earth. I've found that a lot of scientists say that early Earth is much like what Venus is today, filled with sulfuric acid and volcanoes. Is this true? Does anyone really know since we know so little about Venus? And if it is true do you think it is possible that Venus may one day be inhabited with life, like little microorganisms?

[B]In 1 billion years, the sun will get hotter by ten percent. That's just enough to evaporate the oceans and trap all heat, a super green house effect. Don't laugh..even now, even as I type this, the ice caps are melting. Life as we know it will die...all life. How will the cosmos itself end? Some favor Ice.....the Universe is still expanding very fast. At a cubic Light Year (a speeding bullet would take 380,000 years to reach edge to edge), well....the Universe is expanding at 40 trillion cubic light years....a second. Eventually the galaxies will expand to far apart, suns will die..and everything will die an icy death. Others say wh…

Is this a coincedence or is there a purpose to this correlation? http://www.earthportals.com/Portal_Messenger/draco.html (mods, please move it to an appropriate forums if necessary)

With regards to the recent findings by Ashtekar and Bojowald I have a couple of questions which maybe someone could answer. If a black hole represents the beginings of a universe, and the inflation theory holds, in relation to our universe where do these 'other' universes reside ? Given that we can observe black holes in our universe, does this mean they have not yet reached the stage of inflation (obviously we can't observe this) or are they actually 'gateways' (for want of a better word) into these other universes. What I don't understand is if there are multiple universes then black holes can only eventually inflate outside the boundaries of our universe (w…

This was strange sorry about the cr*p picture http://www.moonmirror.com

http://www.metaresearch.org/home.asp What do you make of it. Is it a reputable place? Bettina

http://arxiv.org/physics/0510102 Message in the Sky Authors: S. Hsu, A. Zee 3 pages Subj-class: Popular Physics "We argue that the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides a stupendous opportunity for the Creator of our universe (assuming one exists) to have sent a message to its occupants , using known physics. The medium for the message is unique. We elaborate on this observation, noting that it requires only careful adjustment of the fundamental Lagrangian, but no direct intervention in the subsequent evolution of the universe." click on PDF to download the full (3-page) text A. Zee is a prominent physicist and an original mind. Anything he writes …

The size of the moon and the size of the sun on the human retina are equal. They are both about 0.5 degrees. I was wondering if there was more to this than mere coincidence - like is it somehow essential that they are the same perceptual size for life to evolve on Earth. Is it important, for some obscure reason, to have perfect solar eclipses now and again?

(classical 1915 General Relativity breaks down and gives an unphysical result called a "singularity"---this is not a sign of a break in nature, but rather a failure of the theory. The quantized theory reproduces Gen Rel as its classical limit away from the former singularity, but does not break down. Time evolution continues from a prior contracting classical regime through the former singularity to an expanding classical regime.) A good way to catch up on current QG thinking about time evolution before and during the Big Bang is to watch the video of Abhay Ashtekar's talk, given 14 October at the Albert Einstein Institute (MPI-Potsdam). Ashtekar is a world autho…

How does F=GMm/r2 predict Keplers Law T^2 is proportional to R^3? I cant see how to prove it! please help!

What was Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation? i have to write an essay on it and im not actually a physics student! so was wondering if anyone could give me a few pointers? thanx xx:embarass:

Ok...this may be a dumb question but I was just wondering if there is a simple reason why planets are mainly round...while asteroids are iregular in shape.