Microbiology and Immunology

How many people here knows about rosetta@home? And... what do you people think about this project? This is my profile which I have as a Rosetta@home member and user: http://boinc.bakerlab.org/rosetta/view_profile.php?userid=11746

1.how to distinguish/separate between two light chains of immunoglobulins as they are similar in all respects-ie., they move as asingle band in SDS-PAGE how do we know on the 1st hand that 2subunits of light chain are there in the same band 2.why and how does a A+ve person have Anti-B-antibody in his sera even without prior exposure to B antigen 3.why dont we use urea in place of sds in doing PAGE?

Hi, I have a question regarding antibody concentration in immunized rats. When immunizing them with a recombinant protein, what's the "expected" concentration of IgG to my protein? I understand this must differ a lot (!), but does anyone have a feeling for what a reasonable concentration range might be? Are we talking mg/ml, ug/ml, ng/ml? What's the avarage concentration of total IgG in a rat? 3-20mg/ml? Cheers,

Hi all, I require soem help in my experiment.. Did a few round already, cos the first round, my protein was not pure ie cross contamination between V8-GST adn GST protein. 2nd round was low yield.. 3rd round (the most recent) the protein sort of degraded a little bit. But I made sure not to cross contaminate by using loads of pipettes.. And I made sure to put my protein samples on ice all the time. And centrifuging at 4 degrees when i need to wash off excess protein bound to beads. What could cause all possible errors? Could soemone pls help with troubleshooting, ie suggest possible steps in which i could hv gone wrong?? these are the steps i really paid…

There is one thing that I have been thinking about, but never found a satisfactory answer too: When people take common NSAID drugs, it obvioulsy typically reduces symptoms and makes the patient feel less discomfort, but to what extent does this manipulation of symptom reduction, compromise the bodys effiency at fighting the problem? I am aware of the fact that sometimes the body may overreact and thus this sypmtom reducing drugs can be used and the body still have no problem fighting the problem. But what are the exceptions to this rule? Are there any research on what impact the typical NSAID drugs have on the immune system? I'm not talking about the COX-1 rel…

I try to detec the bloodgroup-antigenes in formalinfixed, paraffinembedded kidneytissues. I have problems with a nice staining of endothelial cells. (only epithelial cells of tubulis are nice) How you perform the bloodgroup-antigenes staining and witch detectionssystem you use?

I got a question. Ever since i watched this documentary i wonder if it's true. Dous anyone have proof that HIV causes aids? documentary: http://video.google.nl/videoplay?docid=5064591712431946916&q=hiv+aids+fraud&total=48&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=1 Disclaimer: This dous not mean that if u have HIV-AIDS that u should not take medicines. Do Whatever the doctors tell u.

one model to induce sepsis is to treat macrophages with LPS from E-coli. but we have many E-coli in our gut, why macrophages do not atack that E-coli and their LPS? thanks for any reply

We are currently involved in social insects' collective immune behaviour or coordination. We would like to learn about observations available in mammals, social gnawers in particular. Any kind of comment will be welcome. Sincerely Enrique Rewald MD

Hi all, I'm going to use Aluminum hyroxide Gel (Sigma) as adjuant for immunization. Does anybody know how should I mix it with my antigen? I know the method of mixing using CFA or IFA, but I have no idea about Alum gel. So any idea?

Hi everybody, I am studying PCA Test (Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis) in ICR mice according to the following method: step1:anti DNP-IgE (mono clonal antibody produce in mice) intradermal injection. Each mouse(25-30g) 50µl (40 µl PBS saline+ 10 µlIgE). Skill: Mix IgE with saline well by vortexing (not by ultrasonic wave) step2: After 48hours. Each mouse is tail vein injected with 0.2ml of (200µg DNP-HAS + 3%Evant blue in PBSsaline).1h before challenge, mouse is oral administration treatment sample. Skill: do not fasting mouse (other experiments fasting is required) Evant blue and DNP-HSA (dinitro phenyl albumin) are dissolved well in saline by using ultrason…

I was wondering if anyone has used atomic force microscopy for studying biofilm development in gram positive bacteria in real time. If yes, what were the results, can they be compared to SEM in terms of cellular architecture. Is there anyother technique which is better for seeing bacterial biofilms other than AFM?

Hello, I am writing a work on plant-based edible vaccines for allergy. During my research I saw that these days immunotherapy is based on injections with raising amounts of allergens. However, I saw that edible vaccines, which are suppose to be an excellent tool for immunization, are suppose to work from the Mucosal system with constant amounts of allergen in the plant. How can it be that by injection I have to use raising amounts of allergen while by edible vaccines I have to use constant amounts of allergen (although it is much larger amount from injection)? Ron

Hi all, found this interesting article on changing attitudes to immunology - http://www.unregisterednews.com/content/view/163/58/ Personally I disagree with the conclusion that we no longer look at the body as a "defended self", any opinions?

I used to donate platelets which were taken using a machine that took blood from one arm, passed it through a centrifuge, then returned it to the other arm. One day during this procedure I wondered if it would be possible to heat the blood whilst it was in the machine, then cool it back down before it was returned to me. I was thinking this might be like having a fever and help kill off any virus I had. I never did get to ask the question so I'm asking it here. Would it be possible to have a useful fever like that and would it help in anyway?

In my research I am looking at the immunochemistry of a foreign body reaction within a sheep model. I am planning on using the Bio-Plex cytokine assay to look at the cytokine levels of the synovial fluid within the knee but I am having a hard time locating any cytokine kits or individual cytokine antibodies for a sheep model that work with the Bio-Plex system. Any help or advise would be appreciated. Thanks!

i wonder if someone knows something about immunofluorescence

how does it lower the T-cell count? Why would someone be more prone to infections?

hello everyone. I have a simple question for pundits in immunology . I know that IRF-3 is activated through its phosphorylation and subsequent translocation from cytosol into nucleus. but it is vague for me how IRF-1 is activated. please explain or give some link where I can find useful information... thanks in advance

I've been trying to measure IL-10 production in CD4+ lymphocytes without any luck. Unlike other cytokines this one proves very difficult. Does anyone know how it can be done? The reason i can't use an ELISA with serum is because i won't be able to distinguish which cell (monocytes or lymphocytes) produces the IL-10. The other problem is that it has to be a quick test (no more than 24 hours or a max of 2 days). I know it has already been done by using CD3 and CD28 stimulation for a week followed by PMA stimulation of 5 hours. However that is something i can't do. So anyone any suggestions?

Hey everyone, I read a book a little while back called Beating back the Devil (http://www.beatingbackthedevil.com/) about the rapid-response section of the CDC, the EIS. They are the first ones to the site of an epidemic or health crisis and are even deployed into conflict regions for long-term help. They gather info on emerging crisises and create plans for how the brunt of the gov't should respond. Their goal is to figure out what the hell's going on in a problem area -- like SARS Asia or Avian Flu Turkey -- and handle the problem the best they can. The EIS coordinates the efforts of the WHO, CDC and local governments to contain and neutralize health threats. They …

For disinfecting things, what would work better, isopropyl alcohol (70%) or ethanol (70 or 95%). edit: What about methanol, too?

Not sure where I should put this, but I was wondering if anyone knows of a nice biological binocular microscope for a decent price? I'm not really looking to pay over 300$. I've seen some on ebay, but they are so much cheaper than the other ones I've seen, that it makes me believe they might be low quality. If no particular microscopes come to mind, tips on what to look for would be appreciated. thanks

Hi guys As you've already figured out (probably), everything happens to me. So. I was bitten by my roomate's dog. It really is nothing serious, two tiny specs on my nose, not bleeding anymore (didn't even hurt, to be honest). I washed it with water and sope twice, thoroughly, and then put some ice (to make sure nothing gets swallen, cleaned it again with pure alcohol (ouch) - twice - and then covered it with antibiotic bandage. It's tiny. Really. My question is this, though: The dog is fully vaccinated (he came to America a week ago, and as the procedure requires, he is probably more vaccinated than any other purely-american dog), I've seen the documents, …

Hi! Excuse my English. Are there deseases, which are known to be caused by hyperfunction of immunological tolerance? It seems to me, that these deseases should have two attributes: 1) they should be immunodeficiencies 2) they should have antigen specificity So, AIDS is not hypertolerance, because it has not specificity (immunity lack concern with ALL antigens) If there are not such deseases, then may the cancer be one of the case?