Hello.

What determines how a plant recognizes the altitude in which it is supposed to grow better or not ?

Is it the oxygen content, the temperature, the barometric pressure ? Escapes to mind how/why a plant can grow better (or only at) the Andes and not at a location with similar environment.

1 hour ago, Externet said:

Hello.

What determines how a plant recognizes the altitude in which it is supposed to grow better or not ?

Back when I lived in Huddersfield, I used to grow many Alpines and species rhododendron simply because they didn't mind the odd sharp frost in late May. They survived the local conditions where faster growing but less cold adapted plants would wither. It isn't the actual altitude that matters afaik, but the ability to survive local conditions that potential competing species cannot.

If a plant species various phenotypes don't survive long enough to reproduce in a given environment, it becomes extinct in that area. The selection is by elimination.