derek w

The space might be expanding because there is a bug on it?

A spiders web expands because there is a spider on it,the web stretches on 1 axis.

acceleration takes time.

At point (x=0,y=0,z=0,t-r) would a virtual electron appear?

And at point (x=0,y=0,z=0,t+r) would a virtual positron appear?

Do virtual electrons and positrons appear at anti-nodes of EM waves?

If you have 4 dimensions,then it's possible to create a model of an object/wave that can deposit energy at different wave lengths in 3 dimensional space?

t² = r² - x²

^{There are 2 points when t=0.}

(x-r,y=0,z=0,t=0) and (x+r,y=0,z=0,t=0)

you have silk shoe laces?

All photons have an angular momentum of (h),but are massless.

constant speed/circumference of circle=frequency

h x f = energy of photon

A photon's energy depends on its wavelength. So two photons can have different energy.

I understand that a photon's energy is related to it's wavelength.

But what I am asking is it's energy related to wavelength because we are only looking at a 3 dimensional cross section of 4 dimensions.

In 4 dimensions photons do not have different energies?

Do all photons have equal amounts of energy in 4 dimensional space-time?

They all travel at the speed of light.

What matters to us is how frequently they cross through our bit of 3 dimensional space?

If hyper volume = volume x time

(t) can never = zero,because then (vt) = zero hyper volume

so (t) must always be (-t)=(+t)

and visa versa volume(xyz) can never = zero,because again (vt) = zero hyper volume

If for example you take the plank length as the minimum,PL^3 is the minimum volume and if (t) is infinite,then you have an infinite amount of space piled up along the (t) axis( 4 dimensional string).

You also have a minimum for (t),the time it takes to travel one plank length at the speed of light.

Zero dimension is a point. (0D)

 

A moving point is represented by a line: you have length (1D)

 

A moving line is represented by a surface (2D)

 

A moving surface is represented by a volume (3D)

 

A moving volume is (difficult to represent) 4D

 

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Is a moving volume a temporal displacement (4D)?

If the (x,y,z) axis was collapsing and the (t) axis expanding,would that not be a black hole in the 3 dimensional space?

Or hypervolume.

According to Wikipedia you are right and it gives the formulae:- V = 1/2 pi^2 R^4.

If 1 dimension has length.

2 dimensions has area.

3 dimensions has volume.

what does 4 dimensions have?

In order to shrink over any finite period of time from 4 dimensions to three, at some point it would need to have three and a a half dimensions.

Is that a meaningful concept?

If not, how could the "shrinking" happen?

Not if you started with a 4 dimensional string,where (x,y,z) is infinitely small and (t) is infinitely large.

(t) can shrink forever and never reach (t=0),therefore (x,y,z) can expand forever.

Plus you could have an infinite number of 4 dimensional strings.

I am not sure what you mean by at some point it would need to have three and a half dimensions.there would always be 4 dimensions.

But if you blow up the balloon, every axis is expanding. Why can't that analogy be applied to the universe?

The 2 dimensional surface of the the balloon is expanding,because the thickness of the rubber is shrinking(a collapsing axis).

If you want a 3 dimensional expansion some other axis must be shrinking(collapsing).

If you start with 4 dimensions (x,y,z,t),where (x,y,z) axis are infinitely small and (t) axis is infinitely large,then you have a 4 dimensional string.

if the (x,y,z) axis then expands,the (t) axis must be collapsing.

e.g:- if a 3 dimensional object like a ball of plasticine collapses and spreads out over a 2 dimensional surface,1 axis is shrinking(collapsing),while the other 2 axis are expanding.

Is the universe expanding,because it is collapsing from 4 dimensions to only 3 dimensions?

The microscopic world of sub atomic particles,does not behave like the macroscopic world,it's different.

Waves are a distortion.

Where goes the gravitationaL field when electron and positron are annihilated

In a 4 dimensional space-time you need to travel through time to notice gravity(curved space-time).Photons travel sideways through 3 dimensional space.

You are jumping from the vacuum of space to a different kind of vacuum(pressure difference).

Is there any physical law that show why mass attracts mass??

general relativity.

How would equate for the increased pull when the points are closer?

What is flicking the string?

Would the force going into the flick increase proportionally relative to the 2 masses?

The point about the piece of string is that a wave distorts the carrier it is travelling along,and that points A and B,do not get closer because of some mysterious force acting at a distance.

If I have a piece of string 1 metre long,point A being one end of the string and point B being the other end of the string,if I flick the piece of string like a whip and send a wave down the length,the distance between point A and point B will be shorter,they will gravitate towards each other.

So, classically we have a smooth manifold, each point is exactly that a zero dimensional point.

 

 

assuming that nature is a smooth manifold,we can only create a model that is based on the smallest distance measured,therefore our model has a graininess.

In standard classical or quantum field theory the underlying space-time is taken to be a smooth manifold, so points are zero dimensional objects.

Sorry.not quiet what I was getting at.what is the graininess,the distance between each point of space-time,if every point is considered as zero dimension then all of space-time would occupy zero dimension?