alpha2cen

Space volume expansion, or intergalactic distance increment ?

This is one point constant accelerated expansion model. Observer line calculation t_current=t+L/C t_current=t+(L_initial +vt)/C v=(Ct_current-L_initial)(1/t) -C t_current; current time, 13.75billion year L_initial; initial Supercluster distance from the Earth In the case of constant acceleration Observer line calculation t_current =t+L/C t_current=t+(L_initial +(1/2)vt)/C where (1/2)v is average velocity value from Big Bang to a point. Solve above equation to the v. v=(2C t_current -2L_initial)(1/t) -2C one point expansion, Linitial=0 v=(2C t_current )(1/t) -2C v; speed of expansion(1x1022km/billion year) C; speed of light(9.46x1021km/billion year) t; time(billion year) t_current; current time(13.75 billion year) Speed line calculation We do not know Supercluster’s moving speed 1 billion light years away. So we use the light which begins 1billion years ago and arrives at present. v=(2C t_current )(1/t) -2C t1=12.75 billion yr, v=v1 From the obtained (t1, v1) value we calculate gradient a a1=v1/t1 For calculation we think about the Universe model. The model is like this. At the big bang, every Super cluster attached at the one point. ——–000000———- Some billion years later —-0—0—0—0—0—0—.. At the present —–0——–0——–0——–0—.. So, near first 1 billion away Super cluster's moving speed is v1=a1t 2billion away Super cluster's moving speed v2=2a1t 4billion away Super cluster's moving speed v4=4a1t 8billion away Super cluster's moving speed v8=8a1t 16 billion away Super cluster's moving speed v16=16a1t

This picture is calculated results about the Super cluster. The distance of Y-axis is based on the present position. Upside picture is an observer line, i.e., we can see the Super Cluster at night. Downside picture is the speed of the Super Cluster when the light leaves at the Super Cluster in the past. At this calculation, we consider the initial lenght as L_0 not 0. Constant accelerated expansion Model Figure

The chart which includes X-axis{(speed) x (molecular mass) }and Y-axis{probability density} represents the closed value of the actual momentum distribution. And, when you want the average value, the average momentum of molecules is useful.

For our easy understanding, I drew current well known concepts as pictures. Without any interaction, the light does not come from the far away space.

Including force term is reasonable. Acceleration gives the same effect as the gravity. So These are mass properties. 1) Mass is energy. E=mC2 2) Mass makes an object having it's own inertia strength. Ek=1/2 mv2, Fk=ma 3) Mass induces it's own gravity. FG=GMn/r2 When we move to the opposite direction of the Gravity acting. F= Fk+FG Gravity gives the same effect as acceleration.

To become a stellar, the compression of interstellar gas cloud must be happen. Current thinking is nearby supernova explosion wave gave a big role about the gas cloud compression. I do not think that above idea #1, explains the main cause to become planets in the Solar system. To be a planet, at first, the interstellar gas cloud concentration must be sufficiently high. And, to become a planet , nucleus creation step is needed . In this step a comet might be contributed as a nucleus.

There are many models about current solar system creation. Comet is not a main cause of making the solar system. But some contributed becoming a current shape of the Solar system. The distance between our planets is not the same as other stellar systems. And, the influence of external force against our outer solar system objects have been discussed at the other forum, too.

What is a mass? These are mass properties. 1) Mass is energy. E=mC2 2) Mass makes an object having it's own inertia strength. Ek=1/2 mv2 3) Mass induces it's own gravity. F=GMn/r2 Among these, gravity causing factor, i.e., mass or other factors which is provided in the objects is uncertain. At the beginning , the light dragging phenomena is predicted by the theory of relativity, and then later , we proved the theory's correctness by the experiment. The light does not have mass, but is dragged from heavy mass objects. So we think about the connectivity between mass and gravity again. mass---> Gravity. Objects which has no mass has no gravitational force ( X ) gravity----> case 1) Objects with mass case 2) other objects, i.e., light. Having mass -----------> Having gravity(O) Having gravity----------> Having mass (X) Till now, the light has no mass.

What is a problem in my calculated result? By my calculation, we can not see 13 billion years ago. http://www.scienceforums.net/topic/70250-shouldnt-the-universe-be-slowing-down-in-expansion/page-2#entry713048

Have we done a gravity test about the anti-hydrogen molecules? This is a modified Figure. Unclear components are eliminated.

Many factors contribute to making current solar system. Is this one of the causes making small planet in the solar system?

How do we know anti-proton have this component? Have we done the same experiment about anti-protons? Does it only come from our calculation or imagination?

Without phase change, huge amout of photon energy can travel through the space? Moving speed is the speed of light, C. How many photons can be included in the unit area? Are there no limit shortening wave lenght with increasing photon energy?

Light can travel through the space. But we have not obtained the maxmum limit value of it's flux( energy / (time .unit area) ) yet. So, to define the limit value, MLLFS(maximum limit of light flux in the space) will be useful for the future researcher. I hope someone will obtain the exact value from the experiment.

Huge amount of high intensity beam makes no gravity? Is there no attractive force between them?

Minimum force calculation method. Constant velocity movement is impossible said before. [latex]L=\int_{0}^{t_{L}}Vdt[/latex] Teoretical maximum power calculation P=F(0.5L)/0.5tL=(36000N)(0.5x1.2m)/(0.5x3.5s)(w.s / N.m)=12.3kw

To do 1mol molecular simulation at least 6x1023 memory area are required. The capacity is same as the current 5G(1x109)PC chip 1x1014units. It is above the sum of all computers in the world. Practically reducing the molecular number, increasing the calculation speed or other methods are used.

Sealing part makes opening easy. Pressure acting direction and opening direction are different. And the pressure applied on the sealing part is about 100N at the maximun situation, i.e., empty and no leaking condition.

In this case uplifting is hard. Upper blue air is cold and high density. Density gradient exists, but stable layer, in the middle, blocks it's movement to the downward.

This is a cause of heat transfer increasing. Convection is main cause of heat transfer at that temperature range. Convection heat transfer coefficient is related to the convection layer thermal conductivity and others.

To choose the factor, using SSPC standard is useful for practical usage.

In this case, you can do the experiment by using this experiment design method. When you want to know the cause of the corrosion or to fix a corrosion degree as a factor, 2nd method is useful. You can obtain more detail knowledge from experimental design book.

Till now we do not know whether Dark Matter is or not around us. If there were Dark Matter, could we find it easily?

Which step we obtain gravity?