exchemist

No, answer my questions, please, first of all, without adding further complications.

Yes it would show the time 10minutes earlier, because that is the time it takes for the light signal to travel to us from Jupiter. But now we get to it: you appear to have some notion that this conventional understanding is wrong, because “the format of the light is different”. What do you mean by that? Format of light?? Kindly explain.

I think you need to explain what exactly you mean by "real time". This is something you constantly refer to and you have not explained what you mean by it.

When I was a tiny boy I loved beetroot and my parents did in fact once call the doctor because my urine went pink. Betanin: A zwitterion, apparently, at least at some pH values. P.S. Diagram has an error, the O substituent on the ring joined to the sugar should be OH.

Yeah definitely a 1st World problem, I grant you. But in France, everyone gets in foie gras at Christmastime. And so do my (half-French) son and I, for Réveillon on New Year's Eve, accompanied by Sauternes. (We also do boudins blancs with apples and a chenin blanc on Christmas Eve - though I can't drink much as I have to sing carols, Gregorian chant and a motet or two at Midnight Mass.) I'm now over 70, damn it, and these traditions are something I hang onto increasingly tenaciously. 😄

I'm sure it is the vacuum inside that is the chief issue. But then the difference in difficulty of apparently identically-sized jars must be due to differences in friction in the threads and seal. By the way, as we are approaching that time of year, those rubber seals on foie gras jars from France are a bastard. Sometimes I have to resort to pliers to pull the rubber tag enough to break the seal.

I used to have a rubber band that could fit the rim of the lid with a bit of stretching. That improves the grip considerably and makes opening easier. For many years I had the strongest grip in the house as a result of years of rowing, but it is weakening now that I am over 70. Must get another rubber band, before the marmalade jar defeats me…..

In view of @swansont 's comments, perhaps it would be worth you checking and letting us know where your image comes from. The thing about the craters is odd.

Haha. He survived somehow but it was a sweaty evening and we went somewhere else the following night. I'm actually gradually testing myself to see if the intolerance to oysters that I picked up about 20 years ago has gone. I tried a couple at the Loch Fyne Oyster Bar the year before last and was fine. It wasn't a full allergic reaction I used to get, just nausea and diarrhoea. Suspect it was brought on by one in France eaten in summertime (they don't seem to worry about whether or not there is a R in the month) and then I found every time I had them I would feel lousy for 24hrs, so I gave them up. These things do sometimes pass. One of my brothers became intolerant to crustaceans for about a decade - but now he's fine again.

Yeah but this photo has clearly been faked, by er,er, the shadowy cabal of paedophile Illuminati Lizard People, er, in a secret unminuted meeting of the Bilderberg Group......[repeat and fade].......😆

Yes I read recently that it is now recommended to expose young children to small amounts of peanuts in order to prevent them becoming allergic later. (I remember a terrifying evening in Amsterdam with a work colleague who announced he had a life-threatening allergy to peanuts.........just as we were sitting down to dinner in an Indonesian restaurant! ARRGH!!! What a fuckwit.)

You could get a job at the Sirius Cybernetics Corporation. 😁

This seems to favour the Old Friends hypothesis and to distinguish this clearly from the Hygiene Hypothesis. In other words, early exposure of infants to a wide variety of non-pathogenic micro organisms is beneficial, but should on no account be confused with the popular notion in some quarters that catching childhood diseases is somehow good, which it emphatically isn’t. It seems to start with natural childbirth (contact with vaginal and faecal micro organisms from the mother), continue with breast feeding and then with playing outside on the ground, with pets or farm animals and so on. I also noted in passing that roasted peanuts are more allergenic than raw ones. (I’ve always rather hated roasted peanuts, as it happens, but love fresh ones. As a kid I used to eat the raw peanuts my grandmother had to feed the birds in the garden.)

You mean the EU, presumably. The UK is in Europe, after all 😉. (I submit herewith my entry for today’s pedantry prize.)

I was asking you about what information sources you were relying, when you spoke of information being available from countries of the former USSR. I suspect, you see, that the phenomenon you describe, of bloggers engaged by the state to promote the state’s viewpoints, does not really exist on a significant scale in Western Europe. In the US, I would have said the same until very recently, though this is changing under Trump, due to the power over social media wielded by people like Musk. Whereas in the former East Bloc, where for decades it was normal for the state to engage in disguised attempts to manipulate opinion, I can imagine this would be a concern people might have, causing them to make the effort to monitor it.

Yes I suppose that's true. Exhibit A might be the Pimlico District Heating Undertaking in London, which was built to use waste heat from Battersea Power Station, just across the river. When that closed, they had to build a separate boiler (coal-fired!) to run the system.

Maybe this volatile liquid is what @swansont had in mind with his suggestion about turbines. I would agree that if one can get a working fluid at ~100C, say, extracting heat from a chip at 120C, there is some chance of getting it to do some useful work, though perhaps not much better than the old atmospheric steam engines, pre superheating. One could certainly run a domestic hot water and central heating system if heat at 100C is available.

The picture I found was this: Whereas simple iron (II) citrate was indeed brownish grey-green:

I think you are the exploding thymus gland/spontaneous combustion guy.😆

Well citrate can chelate with Fe in various ways, so perhaps there is a bright green complex you can get under reducing conditions. I found a picture of a fairly bright green powder on the web, called sodium iron citrate, but could not find a chemical formula for it. You may well be right that exclusion of oxygen is the key, as Fe II oxidises to Fe III so readily. It will be interesting to see what happens to the colour when you expose it to the air.

Information from what sources, and how is credibility established?

Actually, after a bit of digging I came across this: https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/60273/max-operating-temp-of-ics. which suggests the chips themselves may be able to operate up to 125C. So then it's a question of what is the max temp of the coolant that carries the heat away from the chip. I assumed this would be air ventilation and that the liquid coolant would be used to cool the air, but maybe I'm wrong and the chips are in an oil bath or something. (Deep fried?😁)

I remain curious as to the temperature of the heat this system can provide. I don’t know but would guess computers would run at a maximum of about 50C. That’s barely enough to run radiators, let alone generate domestic hot water. There don’t seem to be any temperatures quoted. Can computer processors run at 70-80C?

OK, fair enough. But still the temperature difference above ambient won't be that much so it can't be very efficient.

Not turbines, surely? The temperature of the waste heat won't be high enough. Space heating is about all it would be good for, I should have thought. But certainly district heating would be feasible.