exchemist

For any readers with a sense of humour, this is how the link starts: "I hope you will take the time to read this article carefully. You already know that the current events that are happening around the world are bringing so much distress to many people around the world. And that’s because we are living in this so-called last hour. However, what you didn’t know is that the last hour is a well-planned holocaust by a group of people who owns UFOs, to reset the world. A WARNING TO PEOPLE AROUND THE WORLD (Some major events that would affect your life could materialize on May 20/21 or June 1st/2nd or before this September 21. They can’t delay these wars. If we can stop these wars from materializing till 2028/30, we will be able to scientifically prove this crime. Gog Magog War (The Ultimate Goal of the people who own UFOs): The ultimate goal of this war between Hamas and Israel is to spark the Gog Magog war. This is where president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan will come into the scene. Turkey can be identified as Magog. And Recep Tayyip Erdoğan will convince few other Muslim nations to participate in the war. If this happens it will give you the proof that you need to identify president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan as an anti-Christ. A warning to Muslim nations: Please don’t allow your leaders to participate in this war, cause if so, the lives of millions and millions of innocent people will be destroyed. At least I hope you would think about your children before you let these leaders participate in wars with other countries. This is not a war that any of us need. It’s a trap." Batshit crazy and zero connection to the thread topic , or indeed to any science - other than perhaps psychiatry, at a stretch. But I quite like Erdogan as the Antichrist. It makes a welcome change from the pope, or the Secretary General of the UN.

Yes I think it will. Hypochlorite solution reacts in much the same way as chlorine itself and gives off chlorine gas as well. P.S. More about how it works here: http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/motm/bleach/bleachh.htm

Since Oganesson has a half life measured in milliseconds, there can't be any such planet.

That's the most famous example of a currency that failed to do its job as a currency, certainly.

Agreed. They don’t really behave like currencies - or not like good ones.

That suggests maybe I should try the bike shed - at least while the cool weather persists. Or maybe try a different supplier: possibly Sainsbury's keeps them too long in the supply chain, so they are already about to germinate by the time I buy them.

At this time of year they start to sprout after only a week. Do you think if I kept them somewhere warmer and drier, i.e. in the kitchen, that would stop them sprouting? Or should I keep them somewhere even cooler, e.g. the bike shed?

Probably.

There are plenty of houses left with solid fuel fires that rely on the chimney draught principle. I remember my mother used to hold a sheet of newspaper across the fireplace when starting the fire, to help it draw at the bottom. Once the suction was so great the newspaper slipped from her palms and went up the chimney, alight, where it started a chimney fire. That was in Edinburgh in the 1950s, before the Clean Air Act put a stop to such things.

I don't believe Sainsbury's coats its raw Maris Piper spuds in pyrophosphate. And if they did, this would not lead to a batch to batch variation, which is the issue here.

Joking apart, those don't change in value by 50% in a matter of days. I have had some hundreds of thousands of pounds in Sterling savings for over 20 years now and I am not concerned that they may suddenly halve in value. Ditto USD and € savings.

That will be the second item in the table. So 1 g of that hypochlorite (the solid substance) is equivalent in bleaching power to 0.593g of chlorine. If you had a different hypochlorite, the figure would be different. Chlorine is a gas, whereas these materials are solid salts. So they are all different substances, but all of them release "active" chlorine atoms in the same way so they bleach things in the same way as chlorine does.

Read the link. There is even a table of various hypochlorites that shows you what the chlorine equivalent of each one is. From this you will see it is not possible to answer your question unless you say which hypochlorite you are talking about. That's because the molecular weights of the various hypochlorites are different, so the chlorine equivalent by weight of each will differ.

Read the link I gave you.

Whereas one of principal jobs of a currency is to be a "stable store of value", if I recall correctly. No thanks.

This sounds like a question you should direct to a medical fertility specialist. If you both have been having tests, I presume you are in contact with such a professional. What do they say about it?

Hypochlorite, ClO-, ions have bleaching power just as free chlorine does. As there are several types of hypochlorite it is convenient to express their bleaching power in terms of the active chlorine equivalent, in order to have a common standard for their efficacy as bleaches. More here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent_active_chlorine

Are you Theorist?

The error is in thinking that different gears produce different power. They don't. They produce different torque at different (angular) speeds. Power is torque x speed. If you start with one gear and then switch to another with double the speed, it delivers only half the torque. So the power transmitted is unchanged.

It looks to me as if the answers to your many questions can easily be found, just by a bit of reading, if you really want to know the answers. However, my rather jaundiced experience of those who describe scientifically literate people as "evolutionists" is that they actually don't want to know the answers, as the answers don't fit their (naive) religious beliefs. I hope you are not one of those. Assuming pro tem that you are not, brief answers to some of your questions would be as follows:- Bees: pollination by insects is just one of many ways that it takes place. So insects were not always necessary. The flowering plants evolved to take advantage of insect pollination, after the insects appeared. Mouth: One of the most important steps in the evolution of animals was the evolution of the mouth. This occurred some time in the pre-Cambrian and was followed fairly quickly by the evolution of shells, as a means of protecting some creatures from being eaten by others. If you know a bit about food chains you should know there is no clean division into predators and prey. Many animals that are predators are themselves prey for others. Fruit: Fruits are one means of seed dispersal, making use of animals. There are plenty of other methods, though. Fruits are formed by flowering plants, which only evolved long after animals had colonised the land so, as with pollination, they were able to take advantage of an existing situation. Minerals: There is no reason to suppose the abundance of minerals on the Earth is radically different from what it would be on similar rocky planets. So your comment about "only" the Earth having these properties is misconceived. Fossils: You need to stop and think a bit. Consider how rare it is for a dead organism to be fossilised. Then consider how rare it is for a fossil to be exposed once more at the surface of the Earth, after it is formed. Then consider how rare it is for such a fossil to be found. It is not at all surprising that the fossil record consists of sets of dots, that we have to join in order to see the pattern. Evolution: It is surprising you find this unconvincing, unless you have deliberately set out to find it so. Plant and animal breeders have known since the dawn of civilisation that populations of creatures contain variations and that by selecting variants with certain traits and breeding from them, big changes can be made, over a matter of many generations. Just look at breeds of dogs, for example. All Darwin did was suggest that the natural environment can do the same, because some traits will make it more likely that the creature breeds successfully in that environment. It's hardly rocket science. Moreover, we see it daily in the news. Where do you think these variants of Covid, that everyone worries about, come from? Variation eventually produces a version that reproduces (by infection) more rapidly - and so that one becomes dominant. It's evolution at work in real time.

Yes the "Skulls in the Stars" article seems to deal with it. Good old Ehrenfest, again! So it's false to assume that any accelerating charge must always radiate, apparently: symmetry can trump that general rule.

In the discussion I read elsewhere, there was some talk of whether the electric field, although it does not change beyond the boundary of the sphere, might change in a way consistent with radiation in the region between its greatest and least radial extent. Though, weirdly, such radiation would not, apparently, escape. I'm not enough of a physicist to know if this makes any sense.

There seems to have been some discussion of this topic on the physics stack exchange some years ago, the conundrum being that the electric field lines, beyond the boundary of the sphere, are unaffected by a purely radial change. At least, I think that's what it was all about.

That's part of it. But to my mind the more significant part what would happen assuming the temperature of the liquid butane did drop to -10C. In that case I think the relative rates of diffusion would be determined chiefly by the surface ares of the hole compared to the surface area of the liquid. I've now added chiefly because of one aspect my earlier post did not take into account, which is that as I recall the rate of diffusion is inversely proportional to the square root of the molecular weight. The MW of butane is 48 +8+2 = 58 and that of air is 29 average, exactly half. So the air will diffuse 1.414 time as fast as the butane, per unit area, but the liquid area will be a lot greater than the area of the hole. I actually think there may be another effect too, thinking more about it. As soon as the butane vapour become significantly diluted with air, the partial pressure of butane will drop lower than 1bar and so more butane will evaporate. So there will actually be still a net flow of butane out of the hole, I think.

15 seconds before what, though? Surely the pilot can switch the autopilot off and return to manual control any time he wants to, can't he? No autopilot takes control unless the pilot turns it on, and equally, he can always turn it off. The MCAS system, implicated in the 2 crashes of the 737 Max, is nothing to do with the autopilot. Do you mean the MCAS system rather than the autopilot?