Hello beecee and thank you for your return

Indeed it is not evident...

... but, I may have understood what the researcher told me.

For the singularity at Planck time, one should consider the Boltzman constant kB with only one degree of freedom (=singularity =single particle?) at Planck temperature.  Its energy in joules would be :

E_th=1/2 k_B T_Pl = 1/2 m_Pl c²

One would thus find for each mass o = 1/2 m_Pl its thermal energy thanks to c². It would be in this sense that to speak of mass instead of energy would be improper.

Does it make sense like that ?

 

If we can take this step, we can examine how this model would be compatible with the expansion.

 

note, use a translator : E_th=1/2 k_B T  for one degree of freedom, it is not available in english version

 

3 hours ago, joigus said:

What does it give you for the #photon/#nuclei ratio? Why is it nearly 10¹⁰?

Why are there about 10⁹⁰ photons in the universe?

Those are the questions you should be asking yourself in the context of your model.

I meant the visible universe --within the Hubble radius.

Hi joigus

I don't know how to answer that. I only discuss mass (=energy) at the moment.

Edited October 23, 20214 yr by stephaneww

2 hours ago, swansont said:

The primordial atom was Georges Lemaître‘s idea. 

But speaking of temperature, it was too hot to have nucleons until about 10^-6 sec, according to Big Bang theory.

https://astronomy.com/magazine/ask-astro/2018/12/the-first-element

thank you swansont. it saved me a lot of unnecessary research. 😊

Hi,

what do you think about this figure please ?

in my opinion it is closely related to the equality introduced at the beginning of this tread. it lacks a caption for the moment, I will do my best to explain what i think it means according to your possible questions.

 

time = 1/H , It can exist before t_Pl.

The distances of the 3D flat space increase with time.

sorry again for an error. correction below

hi

 

we forget the last two messages and try to move on

M_H=(1+2+3+4+5+...+t_H) 1/2m_pl

R_H=(1+2+3+4+5+...+t_H) l_pl

Expansion and acceleration

of the expansion of the visible universe.

time = 1/H , It can exist before t_Pl or t = 0.

The distances of the 3D flat space increase with time.

 

 

Edited November 1, 20214 yr by stephaneww

Your equation implies RH is 2L_pl at 2t_pl but your diagram isn't consistent with that.

 

hello swansont

thank you for your relevant criticism

this formula is indeed incorrect

RH = (1+2+3+...+t_H) l_p

the sigma summation :

RH = (1 t_p/t_p+2 t_p/t_p+3 t_p/t_p+...+t_H/t_p) l_p

if I am not mistaken, corresponds to the diagram

 

 

 

Edited November 5, 20214 yr by stephaneww

corrected diagram

 

Edited November 6, 20214 yr by stephaneww

Well no, this scheme is not consistent either.

Let's see if the next one gives satisfaction or permit to progress:

 

 

Edited November 6, 20214 yr by stephaneww

precisions for the above diagram :
- time = 1/H , It can exist before tPl.
- the distances of the 3D flat space increase with time. l = c t and t = l / c
-each of the 3 axes of the 3D flat space merges with the time axis and vice versa  

let's try to go forward with the correspondence of the critical density of my model with the one of the standard cosmological model :

 

Edited November 7, 20214 yr by stephaneww