hi,   how can i optimize this gel for better electrophoresis?

Fundamentally I do not think that there is a much wrong with your gel (for most purposes that is). The left pocket might have been damaged a bit. You have a bit of a frowning effect going but nothing too worrisome (though I would add ladder at the last lane to address that a bit.

Apart from the points CharonY made, I don't see a negative control, or if there is one you have a contamination issue. 

Are you actually asking how to optimise the PCR given the multiple banding? I would say use a touchdown protocol, or optimise your primers, but I would probably cut out my gel bands and call it a day.  

58 minutes ago, Arete said:

Apart from the points CharonY made, I don't see a negative control, or if there is one you have a contamination issue. 

Are you actually asking how to optimise the PCR given the multiple banding? I would say use a touchdown protocol, or optimise your primers, but I would probably cut out my gel bands and call it a day.  

Well that is always assuming that one expects a singular target. As far as I can tell it is unclear what kind of assay it was in the first place.

thank you for answers