Airbrush

On 4/17/2024 at 7:32 AM, TheVat said:

Seems like doing it the hard way, and deceleration takes a lot more newtons than deflection.   I would favor a high energy laser that strikes one side to form a jet of vaporized material.  Depending on the mass of the rock and its distance, a few hundred newtons of thrust could steer it off its collision course.  

What if it is a rubble pile?  The "cable net" idea will work with any kind of smaller asteroids, but don't do the deceleration as someone suggested.  Just open the net wide and crash into the rubble pile or rock with whatever mass is available.

On 4/17/2024 at 8:14 AM, MigL said:

Not very realistic Airbrush.
A ten kilometer asteroid  would require a rocket two orders of magnitude larger ( at least ) to perform that sort of stunt.

As TheVat explained, the farther away you can influence the asteroid's trajectory, the less force is needed to produce sufficient deflection.
I'd go with small and high speed, coupled with adequate detection time ( pre-impact ).

Of course, the "cable net" idea works only for smaller asteroids.  For one 10km wide you better discover it many years before impact.  How do you deflect a 10km asteroid?

Does anyone have an idea of the most efficient and expedient way to deflect, redirect, or slow an impending asteroid impact?

Obviously, if it is a solid block of metal or rock, just hitting it with a large mass going at a fast enough speed, may change its' velocity enough.

Here's my idea I haven't heard about yet.  Since asteroids can be a solid block of metal, or rock, or a fragile rubble pile or fluff, or anything in between, catch it with a giant net.  Launch a rocket towards the asteroid, and at the correct moment the rocket turns around and decelerates to zero, then accelerates the opposite direction to match the velocity of the asteroid.  Then the rocket launches 4 separate rockets, each pulling the corner of a giant, square, cable net.  The rockets decelerate the asteroid enough, so it won't hit earth.

On 4/12/2024 at 7:20 PM, Moontanman said:

Now that is a significant difference! If it were accurate, 

https://www.britannica.com/place/Saturn-planet/The-magnetic-field-and-magnetosphere

 

This is from your source:

"Jupiter’s equatorial field, at 4.3 gauss, is more than 20 times stronger than Saturn’s. If one represents Saturn’s magnetic field as produced by a simple current loop with a specified magnetic moment, then that magnetic moment is about 600 times Earth’s, whereas Jupiter’s magnetic moment is 20,000 times Earth’s."

Can anyone explain what a "magnetic moment" is?

There is an inconsistency.  Your article says Jupiter's field is more than 20 times stronger than Saturn's, but it also says that Saturn's is 600 times Earth's, whereas Jupiter's is 20,000 times Earth's.  20,000/600 = 33 times stronger at Jupiter than at Saturn.  So I suppose 33 is more than 20 times?  What is more accurate?

On 4/8/2024 at 6:03 PM, Moontanman said:

While accurate its not very satisfying, I still have questions but I suspect that answering my questions would take a book like manuscript at least. I struggle with figuring out what is fundamentally different about the Saturn Titan system and the Jupiter Galilean moons system. Gravity is similar on all five moons, composition is similar, temps are similar, cryovolcanism is similar. I wonder if there is a book about this concept or even papers going into detail about this, it would be a very interesting read.  I do have my own speculations about this but they are just speculations. 

Every planet and moon in our solar system is strange in its' own unique way.  Every world, even every asteroid, is VERY different from all the others.  Titan is a freak, like all the others.  What about Jupiter's powerful magnetic field is 34 times as strong as Saturn's?

"Jupiter's magnetic field is...about 20,000 times stronger than Earth's."

"Saturn's...is...about 580 times stronger than Earth's...."

-ChatGPT

On 4/2/2024 at 7:19 AM, Moontanman said:

Any idea why Jupiter's major moons do not have atmospheres? They are well within the similar gravitational pull of Titan. 

I asked your question of ChatGPT and here is what it said:

"Planetary history, including factors like past impacts, volcanic activity, and geological processes, can affect a moon's ability to maintain an atmosphere. Titan has a complex geological history, including processes like cryovolcanism, which can release gases and contribute to atmospheric density. Jupiter's moons have different geological histories and processes that have led to their current atmospheric compositions and densities.  While Titan's dense atmosphere is influenced by factors like its distance from the Sun, composition, and geological processes, Jupiter's moons have different characteristics that result in thinner atmospheres. Each moon's unique combination of factors determines its atmospheric properties."

On 3/29/2024 at 4:17 PM, toucana said:

 

Many unusual and curious versions of the English bible have been printed since the reformation. The ‘Wicked Bible’ of 1631 found its way into history by omitting the word ‘not’ from the 7th commandment (Exodus 20:14) and enjoining its readers, on the highest authority, to commit adultery.

Others include ‘The Treacle Bible’ of 1568 (Jermiah 7:24 - “Is there no treacle in Gilead”), The Printers Bible of 1702 (Psalm 119:161 - “Printers have persecuted me without a cause” -  [instead of of ‘Princes’], and ‘Rebekah’s Camels Bible’ of 1823 which gives Genesis 24:61 as “Rebekah arose, and her camels” instead of “her damsels”.

But few of them are quite as odd as the ‘God Bless The USA Bible’ currently being touted by former president Donald J. Trump for $59.99. This edition of the King James translation (conveniently out of copyright) also includes a copy of the US Constitution, The Bill of Rights, The Declaration of Independence, and the Pledge of Allegiance - along with a handwritten chorus to ‘God Bless America’ by Lee Greenwood. One thing that all of these have in common of course, is that Donald Trump has never read or paid the slightest attention to any of them.

The Lee Greenwood referred to is the person who first initiated this project back in 2021. At that time it was being marketed as a new bible “Commemorating the 20th Anniversary of the 9/11 attacks”. This edition was meant to contain the NIV version of the English bible, but the NIV copyright holders Zondervan abruptly withdrew their consent, so the royalty-free King James text was used instead. That version incidentally cost only $49.99 back in 2021.

A Meidas Touch YT investigation reveals that this bible has a long history of negative reviews from purchasers who faced such problems as long delays, or complete non-delivery of the product, to struggling with gilt-edged pages that had glued themselves together, rendering the text unreadable.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZp0zjobSK8

Thanks for posting this!  Now I can post a few Bible verses I compiled that make Trump look like an Antichrist.  If it walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck, it's a duck, errr an Antichrist!

ANTICHRIST:

He is called “the little horn.” – Daniel 7:8   The word “Trump” appears twice in the KJV bible as an abbreviation of “trumpet” or “little horn.”  The little horn has “the eyes of a man and boasts great things.”

He will come in his own name and be accepted - John 5:43

He has the mouth of a lion – Rev. 13:2

He is arrogant, shall exalt himself above others – Daniel 8:25

He is extremely boastful with a “mouth speaking great things” – Daniel 7:8

He will throw truth to the ground. – Daniel 8:12   (30,000 false or misleading statements while in office.)

He will deny the Father and the Son - 1 John 2:22   He said he does not seek God the Father's forgiveness, thus denying the need for God the Son as savior.  (BTW:  God the Father wanted his Son to suffer and die to please HIMSELF!  That is what a sacrifice is for, to please God the Father.)

He will be a vile person – Daniel 11:21

He will honor the God of Forces, and "a god his father knew not, he shall honor with gold, silver, precious stones, and other pleasant things.” – Daniel 11:38

He is connected to gold – Rev. 13:18   King Solomon became obsessed with gold and pagan gods during his later years.  Trump’s obsession with gold and “pleasant things” is comparable to King Solomon

He will have a “covenant with many for one week” – Daniel 9:27

He will disguise himself as an “angel of light” – 2 Corinthians 11:15   He masquerades as a force for good, and defender of Christian values, but in reality, defending only HIMSELF.

He is named “the Lawless One” – 2 Thessalonians 2:8 Trump considers himself to be above the law or a law unto himself. There are many examples of him skirting the law and able to avoid repercussions. He said “I have the right to do ANYTHING I want as president, but I don’t even talk about that." HE DID TALK ABOUT THAT!
 

He does as he pleases – Daniel 11:36 “Then the king will do as he pleases, and he will exalt himself and boast against every god, and will speak dreadful things against the God of gods; and he will be successful until the indignation is finished” – Daniel 11:36 NASB He “shoots from the lip” not caring if he’s politically correct, or who he might be insulting, or even if what he says is true.

He works deceitfully – Daniel 11:23 “He shall work deceitfully: for he shall come up and shall become strong with a small people” and “Through his cunning He shall cause deceit to prosper under His rule” Trumps deceptiveness was so pervasive that even his own attorneys testified they would only meet with him in pairs to prevent him from give them 2 different versions of the same story.

He understands dark sentences or sinister schemes – Daniel 8:23 “A king of fierce countenance, and understanding dark sentences, shall stand up” He is a master of intrigue and machination, which is scheming or crafty action, to accomplish an evil end.

He attains the kingdom by flattery – Daniel 11:21 “And in His estate shall stand up a vile person, to whom they shall not give the honor of the kingdom: but He shall come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries or smoothness, slipperiness, or fine promises (e.g. Mexico will pay for the wall). Scheming with a small group of people, American Nationalism, or Christian Nationalism, serves Trump in his quest to regain power to use as retribution upon his enemies.

He will amaze the world – Rev. 13:3 He steals headlines daily, by one outrageous comment after another

He will succeed in all that he does – Daniel 8:24 “His power will be great, but it will not be His own. He will cause terrible destruction [Covid mismanagement] and succeed in whatever He does [The Apprentice]. He will destroy the mighty men along with the holy people.” Trump has attained everything he wanted through devious means. The world considers him a great success. He will never stop until he regains power and takes revenge on his enemies.

On 3/30/2024 at 8:49 AM, Moontanman said:

I've read the Bible several times, while I don't memorize it I do recall passages where the rape of girls who haven't "known" a man is allowed as spoils of war.

I remember a quote that said that if a man rapes a woman, it's ok, all he needs to do is pay off the father and marry the girl, and take care of her for the rest of her life!

On 4/2/2024 at 10:19 AM, Moontanman said:

Any idea why Jupiter's major moons do not have atmospheres? They are well within the similar gravitational pull of Titan. 

Interesting question.  I asked ChatGPT and here is what they say:

"The moons of Jupiter have much thinner atmospheres or no significant atmosphere at all due to factors such as their smaller sizes, weaker gravitational fields, and closer proximity to Jupiter, which subjects them to intense radiation and tidal forces. These factors prevent them from retaining substantial atmospheres like Titan."

Why does Titan have such a dense atmosphere?   Google says:

Abundant Nitrogen: Titan’s lower atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen (about 94.2%), which contributes significantly to its density ¹. Nitrogen molecules are relatively heavy and tend to remain close to the moon’s surface due to its gravity.

Methane and Hydrogen: Alongside nitrogen, Titan’s atmosphere contains methane (approximately 5.65%) and a trace amount of hydrogen (about 0.099%) ¹. The extreme cold temperatures on Titan allow gaseous methane to exist in the atmosphere while liquid methane pools on the surface ¹.

Retaining Atmosphere: Titan’s gravity is strong enough to retain its atmosphere more effectively compared to other moons in our solar system ². Unlike our Moon, which lacks a substantial atmosphere, Titan’s colder conditions help slow down gas molecules, making it easier for the moon to hold onto its gases ³.

Heat Liberation: Over time, heat from infalling objects and the decay of radioactive elements within Titan’s rocks liberated much of the trapped gas, creating the dense nitrogen-rich atmosphere we observe today ⁴.

What caused the bridge disaster?  The fact that a SINGLE support was so vulnerable to large container ships.  After giant container ships started going under that bridge, they should have built up a concrete island around the single support so that if a ship crashes into the support, it will crash into concrete surrounding the single support.  Pile up concrete blocks all around the single support, and pour concrete on top of it so there is a smooth, gentle slope, that will stop the giant ship before it can reach that single support.  Thank you.

16 hours ago, TheVat said:

I heard somewhere that long continuous truss bridges like that will sometimes have their support columns centered on a small artificial island (e.g. a big pile of rock) to serve as a buffer against ship collisions.  It's my understanding that nothing will really protect a support column from a container ship, unless it's actually islanded in that way.  The ships are just too massive now, averaging much greater mass than in the 70s when construction began.

Great, you noticed the structural deficiency.  No mention in ANY news about this that I've heard.  I posted before I read what you wrote.  Thank you.

3 minutes ago, swansont said:

Or spying on the subsequent Soviet efforts, or them sharing information.

Once reactors started being built, information was available that wasn’t there during the Manhattan project. Theory became more useful, and less experimentation would have been required. e.g. knowing reaction cross-sections means you can model things rather than doing empirical studies to determine critical mass.

Is starving and burning the population somehow more acceptable than using the atomic bombs?

Ok then, skip the burning part.  Just starve them out.  Japan has always been a resource-poor nation.  Everything needed to be imported.  How long could they endure living without everything they need and cannibalism?  If hindsight is 20/20, then the A bomb did not need to be used to force Japan to surrender.  And the US could have stalled world progress towards nuclear bombs, such as cutting off the supply of uranium to other nations.  Most nations would wonder "Why is the US buying up the world's supply of uranium?

On 3/25/2024 at 11:22 AM, Mordred said:

An explosion has different dynamics that are measurable. You can easily confirm the difference yourself. Take a ruler from a central point at various different angles measure off 1 cm then 3 cm then 6 cm etc.  Now think of the ratio of change the result of radiating outward from the central point and measure the angles. You should notice angle changes as well as a preferred direction and location.

 

Now place dots on a balloon measure the angles prior to inflating (inflate just enough to get a sphere. Then inflate the balloon further. The angles do not change and the ratio of change in distance is identical between any two points. 

Thanks!  That is the best explanation why the expansion of space is not comparable to an explosion.

My favorite question is, what is the probability that the big bang expansion we can see, within a diameter of under 100 billion light-years, is likely to extend to infinity, assuming a flat, totally non-curved, space?  I would bet on a zero probability.

5 minutes ago, swansont said:

“This page displays the current 270toWin Polling Average for each state”

Average does not imply all

Several national polls have Biden ahead

https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/president-general/2024/national/

Also: it’s March

In March 2016 there were polls that had Clinton over Trump by 10 points or more

And: polls are not votes.

 

Thanks, I needed that.

ALL the polls show Trump beating Biden in 2024, however a close race.  Get ready for a Trump presidency. 😟

2024 Presidential Election Polls: Biden vs. Trump - 270toWin

On 3/18/2024 at 11:47 AM, Bufofrog said:

Well apparently even countries like Pakistan and North Korea did.

Yes, are you aware that most physicist were already aware a bomb could be made by 1940?

So, what you are saying is that the Soviet spies, who were inside the Manhattan Project, took such good notes that they were able to spread the word to their own country but also spread it to the world, even to Pakistan and N. Korea?  Pakistan and N. Korea were able to skip a Manhattan Project because they knew so much about the US Manhattan Project?

Japan was totally cut off from all supplies by US submarines and air force.  Japan would grind to a halt within a few more months.  The US had plenty of incendiary bombs and B29s to systematically reduce Japan to totally helpless and starving.  There would never be a need for the US to attack Japan with amphibious landings and therefore no 1,000,000 dead US soldiers.  All the US would lose is a few more B29s.

On 3/22/2024 at 3:25 AM, Evelyn_Guglielmo said:

This is quite sad to read, I hope our world will become friendly.

What is sad?  My own naivete that the US could stifle any progress world-wide towards other nations rediscovering what the US had discovered in the Manhattan Project?  Please excuse my naivete, since I am not a science expert.  Are experts the only ones who are allowed to post here?

On 3/18/2024 at 11:24 AM, Bufofrog said:

Of course not.  The worlds physicist all knew of uranium fission and the idea of a self sustaining nuclear reaction by 1940 at least.  The hardest part of making an atomic bomb is refining the uranium or plutonium.

Well please excuse me for not being a science expert.

5 minutes ago, Bufofrog said:

Well apparently, even countries like Pakistan and North Korea did.

Yes, are you aware that most physicist were already aware a bomb could be made by 1940?

So that means the US did so much work, and spent so much money, to prove the bomb was possible, but once the word gets out how to build it, even a poor country could build one.

16 minutes ago, exchemist said:

Yup, that’s a (quite common) misconception. We can only speculate about what might have been first, but what’s for sure it wasn’t just “energy” somehow existing on its own. That would be as silly as claiming that what came first was “momentum”, without saying the momentum of what. You can’t have a jug of energy any more than you can a jug of momentum, or velocity. All these are properties, not entities.
 

Incidentally, “m” in Einstein’s equation does not stand for matter, it stands for mass, which, like energy, is a property of matter, not a free-standing entity. Another misconception is that the equation predicts “conversion” between energy and mass. What it actually says is that rest mass has energy. It’s not one or the other but both at once. The entities involved are radiation and matter. Energy and mass are properties.

In the early stages of the big bang model, there is thought to have been radiation, and sub-nuclear particles, I think. It will have been these entities that possessed the energy.

Very interesting.  I like your explanation.  Then you said that "something" maybe some kind of sub-nuclear particles possessed the energy.  Let's work backwards.  Now we have matter.  Before that, matter was in the form of energy, sub-nuclear particles possessed energy, and we don't know what was between that and the start of the big bang.  Right?

20 minutes ago, Bufofrog said:

Of course not.  The worlds physicist all knew of uranium fission and the idea of a self sustaining nuclear reaction by 1940 at least.  The hardest part of making an atomic bomb is refining the uranium or plutonium.

The world's physicists were not aware of the bomb test success.  Physicists cannot build a bomb.  It takes a Manhattan Project.  The test could have been covered up and the US would get into an intelligence operation to prevent other nations from developing the bomb.  Besides no other nation had the money for their own Manhattan Project.  Are you aware that the project was secret?

Or were the Soviets already inside the Manhattan Project, taking notes, before the A bombs were used on Japan?  Maybe the Soviets already knew how to build the bomb and did not need to spend on their own Manhattan Project?

Yes the GOP CAN win in 2024.  The Trump Cult works!

"The people following Trump see him as a king Cyrus figure, not a prophet.  He is a sinful king that God supposedly uses.  Putin is at the top of puppeteers of the Cult of Trump.  Trump is a weapon of a foreign adversary to usurp America.  Putin has an agenda.  The Soviet Union fell and Putin is committed to helping America fall.  Putin has used religious right activists at great psychological advantage because of our ignorance of the fact that psychological warfare is being waged on us.  Michael Flynn and Steve Bannon are part of this.  It is warfare aimed at causing confusion, uncertainty, doubt, overwhelming people, attacking experts, attacking science, attacking institutions.  Because if you disorient people enough, they are going to be responsive to certainty of an authority figure who says “Trust me, I’m going to make America great again.”

12 minutes ago, swansont said:

Yes. I don’t think your post has a sold basis in fact.

Please explain why.  You believe that the existence of the bomb could not be covered up?  Why not at least stall such a bomb to the rest of the world?

On 3/10/2024 at 3:30 PM, MigL said:

An explosion has a radial direction.
Parts of the 'exploding' material closer to the origin of the explosion would be moving towards the intermediate parts, while the furthest parts wouls be moving away from the intermediate parts.
We observe ALL parts moving away from us, no matter which direction we look ( and so do observers on the other parts )

Even if the explosion was a 'surface' effect so that all parts are equidistant from the origin, we would still see 'voids' when looking towards the origin, or away from it; we see neither of these.

IOW, the universe's 'explosion' is not consistent with observations, but expansion, as in increasing separations between parts of the universe, is.

( c'mon Airbrush, you've participated in enough of these discussions to know better about this, and some of your other claims )

Thanks for your explanation.  But what if the "surface" or skin of the balloon, had a thickness of over 100 billion light years?  Then the expansion would resemble what we can see, no voids would be seen, and we would not know the direction of the expansion.

On 3/10/2024 at 11:22 AM, exchemist said:

You can’t have an expansion of energy. Energy is a property, not an entity. Energy has to be the energy of something, a physical system of some kind.

Are you suggesting that the big bang was not an expansion of energy?  First there is energy.  Much later, after it cools down, a huge amount of energy congeals into a small amount of matter, E = mc2, so E/c2 = m.

To show off to the world what the US could do? Japan was already beaten. We also found out that the Nazis never developed anything close to an A bomb. Japan was already totally cut off from the world by US submarines and air force. No more imports so they were on the verge of starving. They were also having their cities systematically destroyed by huge B29 incendiary strikes, like the one that killed 100,000 people in Tokyo IN A DAY. All that happened by using the A bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki was to REVEAL to the world that such a weapon EXISTS. What they should have done, IMHO, is realize that nobody needs to know about IT, and that IT should be covered up so nobody else can create an A bomb. There should have been a HUGE, Manhattan-Project-sized, intelligence operation to do everything we can to make sure that no country can create such a bomb, except for the US. The US would TRY keep the A bomb a secret as long as possible.  That would have saved so much money.  Of course you can't keep something like that a secret forever, but at least stall it as long as possible.  Or is this a naive proposal?

14 minutes ago, exchemist said:

Surely an explosion is a rapid expansion, in volume, of matter, isn’t it?

Yes, and the big bang was a rapid expansion of energy that cooled and condensed into matter.

On 1/25/2024 at 8:21 AM, Genady said:

Not necessarily. There are ways to have even infinite number of infinite universes in a multiverse. And if some of them are finite, they do not necessarily have a center, edges, etc.

Can you describe this more?  It is hard to imagine how more than one infinite universe could co-exist in a natural way.  We may arbitrarily divide an infinite universe into any number of sections, each section extends to infinity in one direction, but that is not natural.  How can a finite-sized universe not have a center or edges?

"Daylight saving time was first introduced in the United States in 1918 under the Standard Time Act as a measure to save on fuel costs during the First World War by adding an extra hour of sunlight to the day....

"In 2005, Congress amended the Uniform Time Act to expand daylight saving time to the period in effect today: Starting on the second Sunday of March and ending on the first Sunday of November, according to the Congressional Research Service. This move was again for energy saving purposes.

"A Department of Energy study following the amendment’s implementation found the extra four weeks of daylight saving time saved around 0.5% in total electricity daily in the U.S., equaling energy savings of 1.3 billion kilowatt-hours annually."

Who invented daylight saving time? Time change purpose and origins (usatoday.com)

I don't care which one, standard or DST, just stay with one. Anyone in favor of continuing to change the time twice every year?

8 minutes ago, swansont said:

As with all science, what we know is based on data and theory. The data are what we observe in nature and as the result of experiment, and the theory is the models we have that’s based on the data and has allowed us to make predictions. It’s privisional, since new data could require a modification of theory. But that’s what it means to know things in science.

We know the big bang was not an explosion in space because the evidence does not support that hypothesis.

 

Large numbers are beyond the average person, but not to scientists who deal with them in the course of their work 

What is the evidence that the big bang was not an explosion?

What is the likelihood that the expansion we are able to see continues to infinity (assuming a flat universe)?  I propose that even scientists are not comfortable with very large numbers.  The number of Planck volumes in our observable universe is less than 10 to the power of 200.

On 11/24/2023 at 7:54 PM, Bufofrog said:

As been stated several times the big bang was not an explosion, and it most certainly wasn't an explosion in a vacuum.

You sound so confident.  I don't think anyone knows if the big bang was an "explosion" or not, and we don't know anything about a pre-big bang vacuum.  With eternal inflation those don't work.  With a multiverse of universes what do you find between universes or big bangs?  They call it the "bulk."  Is that a vacuum?  What we call THE universe may be only ONE region of expansion and we like to project that to infinity because very large numbers are beyond us.  What does our big bang look like Graham's Number of light years away?  We don't have a clue.

On 11/11/2023 at 7:04 PM, Chris Sawatsky said:

I recently started a topic called "The Speed of Light" and one of the responces said "You're going to have to unlearn this common misconception if you want to actually understand cosmology. The big bang happened literally everywhere and was never a 'point', and there is no rushing of material from a point into 'empty space' so to speak." So Imust be reading the following wrong...

The  Big Bang  was the moment 13.8 billion years ago when the universe began as a tiny, dense, fireball that exploded. Most astronomers use the Big Bang theory to explain how the universe began. But what caused this explosion in the first place is still a mystery. 

A sphere exploded but did not expand in every possible direction simultaneously? Is Light not the fastest thing in the Universe? Are you trying to say that Lightspeed is not the fastest speed that anything can travel? Everything I read suggests that the Universe is expanding outward in every possible direction at the same time and began to do this approximately 13.4 Billion years ago

We don't know if the "big bang" happened LITERALLY everywhere.  We think the OBSERVABLE universe (big bang) began as a tiny dense region. 

Light has a fixed speed THROUGH space, but we don't know how fast light moves far beyond our observable horizon.  Cosmic inflation is much faster than light speed.  Everything you are talking about refers to our observable region of our big bang.  There certainly MAY be a central region of our observable portion of our big bang.